The 18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own) was a

cavalry regiment Historically, cavalry (from the French word ''cavalerie'', itself derived from "cheval" meaning "horse") are soldiers or warriors who Horses in warfare, fight mounted on horseback. Cavalry were the most mobile of the combat arms, operating a ...

of the British Army, first formed in 1759. It saw service for two centuries, including the First World War before being amalgamated with the

13th Hussars The 13th Hussars (previously the 13th Light Dragoons) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army established in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War and the First World War but then amalgamated wi ...

to form the

13th/18th Royal Hussars The 13th/18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army. It was formed by the amalgamation of the 13th Hussars and the 18th Royal Hussars in 1922 and, after service in the Second World War, it amalgamated wit ...

in 1922.

History

Early history

The regiment was first raised by Charles, Marquess of Drogheda as the 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons in 1759; it was also known as Drogheda's Light Horse. It was renumbered the 18th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons in 1763, and briefly the 4th Regiment of Light Dragoons in 1766 before reverting to the 18th in 1769. Arthur Wellesley was briefly a junior officer in the regiment between October 1792 and April 1793. The regiment undertook a one-year tour in

Saint-Domingue Saint-Domingue () was a French colony in the western portion of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the area of modern-day Haiti, from 1659 to 1804. The name derives from the Spanish main city in the island, Santo Domingo, which came to refer ...

between February 1796 and February 1797. It was in action at the Battle of Bergen in September 1799 during the

Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland The Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland (or Anglo-Russian expedition to Holland, or Helder Expedition) was a military campaign from 27 August to 19 November 1799 during the War of the Second Coalition, in which an expeditionary force of British and ...

.Malet, p. 16 In 1805 it took the title of the 18th (King's Irish) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons, named for George III, and redesignated as

hussar A hussar ( , ; hu, huszár, pl, husarz, sh, husar / ) was a member of a class of light cavalry, originating in Central Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries. The title and distinctive dress of these horsemen were subsequently widely ...

s in 1807, becoming the 18th (King's Irish) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Hussars). The regiment landed at

Lisbon Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...

in July 1808 for service in the Peninsular War. It fought at the Battle of Benavente in December 1808 and at the Battle of Cacabelos in January 1809 before taking part in the Battle of Corunna and the subsequent return to England later that month. The regiment was ordered to support

Sir Arthur Wellesley Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister of ...

's Army on the Iberian Peninsula and landed at

in February 1813. It saw action at the Battle of Morales in June 1813, and the Battle of Vitoria in June 1813. It went on to fight at the Battle of Sorauren in July 1813 and, having advanced into France, at the Battle of the Nive in December 1813, at the Battle of Orthez in February 1814 and at the Battle of Toulouse in April 1814. It returned home in July 1814. The regiment took part in the

Hundred Days The Hundred Days (french: les Cent-Jours ), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition, marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration ...

landing at Ostend in April 1815. It charged the centre of the French position at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. It then remained in France as part of the Army of Occupation brigaded with the 12th (Prince of Wales's) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons under the overall command of Major-General Sir Hussey Vivian. It was disbanded in Ireland in 1821.

Re-formed

The regiment was reformed in Leeds in 1858, as the 18th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons from a nucleus taken from the

15th Hussars The 15th The King's Hussars was a cavalry regiment in the British Army. First raised in 1759, it saw service over two centuries, including the First World War, before being amalgamated with the 19th Royal Hussars into the 15th/19th The King's Roya ...

, and was renamed the 18th Hussars in 1861. Christ Church Mhow Plaque 18th Hussars

The regiment was deployed to South Africa in 1899 for service in the Second Boer War. At the outbreak of hostilities on 11 October 1899 it was one of only two regular cavalry regiments in South Africa. In the

Battle of Talana Hill The Battle of Talana Hill, also known as the Battle of Glencoe, was the first major clash of the Second Boer War. A frontal attack by British infantry supported by artillery drove Boers from a hilltop position, but the British suffered heavy casu ...

, on 20 October, part of the regiment was cut off by Boer forces and about 249 officers and men, including Lieutenant Colonel Benhardt Moller, were taken prisoner. Following a critical report, Moller was deprived of his command and placed on half-pay. The reorganised regiment subsequently saw action during the Siege of Ladysmith. They stayed in South Africa throughout the war, which ended June 1902 with the Peace of Vereeniging. Four months later, 590 officers and men left Cape Town on the SS ''Englishman'' in late September 1902, and arrived at Southampton in late October, when they were posted to

Aldershot Garrison Aldershot Garrison, also known as Aldershot Military Town, is a major garrison in South East England, between Aldershot and Farnborough in Hampshire. The garrison was established when the War Department bought a large area of land near the villa ...

. In 1903 it was named the 18th (Princess of Wales's Own) Hussars, for Princess Mary, being retitled the 18th (Victoria Mary, Princess of Wales's Own) Hussars in 1905 and the 18th (Queen Mary's Own) Hussars in 1910 to mark her coronation as Queen Consort. The regiment, having been based at Tidworth Camp at the start of the First World War, landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade in the 1st Cavalry Division in August 1914 for service on the

Western Front Western Front or West Front may refer to: Military frontiers *Western Front (World War I), a military frontier to the west of Germany *Western Front (World War II), a military frontier to the west of Germany *Western Front (Russian Empire), a majo ...

. The regiment was retitled as the 18th (Queen Mary's Own) Royal Hussars in 1919 and then as the 18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own) in 1921. It amalgamated with the

to form the

in 1922. On amalgamation, the 18th formed A Squadron of the 13/18, leading to A Sqn being known as "The 18th Hussar Squadron".

Regimental museum

The regimental collection is held by the Discovery Museum in Newcastle upon Tyne.

Colonels

Colonels of the regiment were:

Commanding officers

The commanding officers of the regiment included:

Battle honours

The regiment's battle honours were as follows: *Peninsula, Waterloo, Defence of Ladysmith, South Africa 1899-1902 *''The Great War'': Mons, Le Cateau, Retreat from Mons, Marne 1914, Aisne 1914, La Bassée 1914, Messines 1914, Armentières 1914, Ypres 1914 '15, Gravenstafel, St. Julien, Frezenberg, Bellewaarde, Somme 1916 '18, Flers-Courcelette, Arras 1917, Scarpe 1917, Cambrai 1917 '18, St. Quentin, Rosières, Amiens, Albert 1918, Hindenburg Line, Pursuit to Mons, France and Flanders 1914-18

Uniforms

When reraised in 1858 the regiment wore the standard dark blue uniform and elaborate yellow braiding of regular British hussars of the period. Busby bags and plumes were in the unique colour of Lincoln green. Battle honours won by the previous 18th Hussars, disbanded in 1821, were restored and displayed on the gold braided pouch belts and sabretaches (ornamental pouches) of the officers. In 1878 the green facings were replaced by blue bags and white plumes which had distinguished the original 18th Hussars. The horse furniture of officers included red and white throat plumes and leopardskins under the saddle. Khaki service dress was adopted in 1902 but the colourful and expensive dress described above was retained for full dress until the outbreak of war in 1914.

Notes

References

Sources

* {{Use dmy dates, date=June 2017 Cavalry regiments of the British Army Hussar regiments of the British Army Military units and formations established in 1759 Military units and formations disestablished in 1922 H18