Events
January–March
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
–
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs:
Manhattan
Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...
,
Brooklyn
Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, be ...
,
Queens
Queens is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Queens County, in the U.S. state of New York. Located on Long Island, it is the largest New York City borough by area. It is bordered by the borough of Brooklyn at the western tip of Long ...
,
The Bronx
The Bronx () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the state of New York. It is south of Westchester County; north and east of the New York City borough of Manhattan, across the Harlem River; and north of the New Y ...
and
Staten Island
Staten Island ( ) is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Richmond County, in the U.S. state of New York. Located in the city's southwest portion, the borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull an ...
.
*
January 13
Events Pre-1600
* 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years.
* 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...
– Novelist
Émile Zola
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (, also , ; 2 April 184029 September 1902) was a French novelist, journalist, playwright, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of ...
's
open letter to the President of the French Republic on the
Dreyfus affair
The Dreyfus affair (french: affaire Dreyfus, ) was a political scandal that divided the French Third Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906. "L'Affaire", as it is known in French, has come to symbolise modern injustice in the Francop ...
, ''
J'Accuse…!'', is published on the front page of the Paris daily newspaper ''
L'Aurore
''L’Aurore'' (; ) was a literary, liberal, and socialist newspaper published in Paris, France, from 1897 to 1914. Its most famous headline was Émile Zola's '' J'Accuse...!'' leading into his article on the Dreyfus Affair.
The newspaper was ...
'', accusing the government of wrongfully imprisoning
Alfred Dreyfus
Alfred Dreyfus ( , also , ; 9 October 1859 – 12 July 1935) was a French artillery officer of Jewish ancestry whose trial and conviction in 1894 on charges of treason became one of the most polarizing political dramas in modern French history. ...
and of
antisemitism
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antis ...
.
*
February 12
Events Pre-1600
*1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna.
*1429 – English forces under ...
– The automobile belonging to Henry Lindfield of
Brighton
Brighton () is a seaside resort and one of the two main areas of the City of Brighton and Hove in the county of East Sussex, England. It is located south of London.
Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze A ...
rolls out of control down a hill in
Purley, London, England, and hits a tree; thus he becomes the world's first fatality from an automobile accident on a
public highway
A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks. In some areas of the United States, it is used as an equivalent term to controlled-access ...
.
*
February 15
Events Pre-1600
* 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus
* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
* 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
–
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: The
USS ''Maine'' explodes and sinks in
Havana
Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center. Harbor,
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
, for reasons never fully established, killing 266 men. The event precipitates the United States' declaration of war on Spain, two months later.
![USS Maine h60255a](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/USS_Maine_h60255a.jpg)
*
February 23
Events Pre-1600
* 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution.
* 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
–
Émile Zola
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (, also , ; 2 April 184029 September 1902) was a French novelist, journalist, playwright, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of ...
is imprisoned in France, after writing ''
J'Accuse…!''.
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor ...
–
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 19 ...
creates the
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP; in , ''Rossiyskaya sotsial-demokraticheskaya rabochaya partiya (RSDRP)''), also known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or the Russian Social Democratic Party, was a socialist pol ...
.
*
March 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland.
* 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...
–
Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
and sports club
BSC Young Boys
BSC Young Boys (YB by short abbreviation ) are a Swiss sports club based in Bern, Switzerland. Its first team has won 15 Swiss league championships and six Swiss Cups. YB is one of the most successful Swiss football clubs internationally, reac ...
is established in
Bern
german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese
, neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen
, website ...
, Switzerland, as the ''Fussballclub Young Boys''.
*
March 16 – In
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a met ...
the representatives of five colonies adopt a
constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
When ...
, which will become the basis of the
Commonwealth of Australia.
*
March 24 – Robert Allison of
Port Carbon, Pennsylvania
Port Carbon is a borough of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States, located two miles (3 km) northeast of Pottsville. It is in a coal-mining area. In the past, ironworks had been a feature of the borough. In 1900, 2,168 people lived ...
becomes the first person to buy an American-built automobile, when he buys a
Winton automobile that has been advertised in ''
Scientific American
''Scientific American'', informally abbreviated ''SciAm'' or sometimes ''SA'', is an American popular science magazine. Many famous scientists, including Albert Einstein and Nikola Tesla, have contributed articles to it. In print since 1845, it i ...
''.
*
March 26 – The
Sabie Game Reserve in South Africa is created, as the first officially designated
game reserve.
April–June
*
April 5
Events Pre-1600
* 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
* 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
–
Annie Oakley promotes the service of women in combat situations, with the United States military. On this day, she writes a letter to President McKinley "offering the government the services of a company of 50 'lady sharpshooters' who would provide their own arms and ammunition should war break out with Spain." In the
history of women in the military
Women have served in the military in many different roles in various jurisdictions throughout history. Woman, Women in many countries are no longer excluded from some types of combat missions such as piloting, mechanics, and infantry officer. ...
, there are records of female U.S. Revolutionary and Civil War soldiers who enlisted using male pseudonyms, but Oakley's letter represents possibly the earliest political move towards women's rights for combat service, in the United States military.
*
April 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Ãlvares Cabral lands in Brazil.
* 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico.
* 1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern ...
–
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: The United States Navy begins a
blockade of
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
n ports and the
USS ''Nashville'' captures a Spanish merchant ship.
*
April 23
Events Pre-1600
* 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.
* 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southe ...
–
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: A conference of senior
Spanish Navy officers led by naval minister
Segismundo Bermejo decide to send Admiral
Pascual Cervera's squadron to Cuba and Puerto Rico.
*
April 25 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: The United States declares war on Spain; the
U.S. Congress announces that a state of war has existed since
April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
(later backdating this one more day to
April 20).
*
April 25 – In
Essen
Essen (; Latin: ''Assindia'') is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city of the Ruhr, the largest urban area in Germany. Its population of makes it the fourth-largest city of North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne, Düsseldorf and D ...
, German company Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk
RWE
RWE AG is a German multinational energy company headquartered in Essen. It generates and trades electricity in Asia-Pacific, Europe and the United States. The company is Europe's most climate threatening Company, the world's number two in offsh ...
is founded.
*
April 26 – An explosion in
Santa Cruz, California kills 13 workers, at the
California Powder Works.
*
April 29 – A first time of large scale for
commercial vehicle exhibition show,
Paris Auto Show was held in
Tuileries Garden,
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, France.
*
May 1 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
–
Battle of Manila Bay:
Commodore Dewey destroys the Spanish squadron, in the first battle of the war, as well as the first battle in the Philippines Campaign.
*
May 2 – Thousands of Chinese scholars and Beijing citizens seeking reforms protest in front of the
capital control yuan.
*
May 7–
9 –
Bava Beccaris massacre
The Bava Beccaris massacre, named after the Italian General Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris, was the repression of widespread food riots in Milan, Italy, on 6–10 May 1898. In Italy the suppression of these demonstrations is also known as ''Fatti di Magg ...
: Hundreds of demonstrators are killed, when General
Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris
Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris (; 17 March 1831 – 8 April 1924) was an Italian general, especially remembered for his brutal repression of riots in Milan in 1898, known as the Bava Beccaris massacre.
Biography
Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris was born in Fossa ...
orders troops to fire on a rally in
Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
, Italy.
*
May 8
Events Pre-1600
* 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin.
* 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...
– The first games of the
Italian Football Federation
The Italian Football Federation ( it, Federazione Italiana Giuoco Calcio; FIGC), known colloquially as ''Federcalcio'', is the governing body of football in Italy. It is based in Rome and the technical department is in Coverciano, Florence.
It ...
are played, in which
Genoa
Genoa ( ; it, Genova ; lij, Zêna ). is the capital of the Italian region of Liguria and the List of cities in Italy, sixth-largest city in Italy. In 2015, 594,733 people lived within the city's administrative limits. As of the 2011 Italian ce ...
played against
Torino
Turin ( , Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. T ...
.
*
May 12 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: The
Puerto Rican Campaign begins, with the
Bombardment of San Juan
The Bombardment of San Juan, or the First Battle of San Juan, on 12 May 1898 was an engagement between United States Navy warships and the Spanish fortifications of San Juan, Puerto Rico. It was the first major action of the Puerto Rican Cam ...
.
*
May 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed.
* 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death.
* 1153 &ndash ...
– The territory of
Kwang-Chou-Wan
The Leased Territory of Guangzhouwan, officially the , was a territory on the coast of Zhanjiang in China leased to France and administered by French Indochina. The capital of the territory was Fort-Bayard, present-day Zhanjiang.
The Japan ...
is leased by China to France, according to the Treaty of
12 April
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
1892
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Ellis Island begins accommodating immigrants to the United States.
* February 1 - The historic Enterprise Bar and Grill was established in Rico, Colorado.
* February 27 – Rudolf Diesel applies for ...
, as the ''Territoire de Kouang-Tchéou-Wan'', forming part of
French Indochina
French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China),; vi, Äông DÆ°Æ¡ng thuá»™c Pháp, , lit. 'East Ocean under French Control; km, ឥណ្ឌូចិនបារាំង, ; th, à¸à¸´à¸™à¹‚ดจีนà¸à¸£à¸±à¹ˆà¸‡à¹€à¸¨à¸ª, ...
.
*
May 28 –
Secondo Pia takes the first photographs of the
Shroud of Turin
The Shroud of Turin ( it, Sindone di Torino), also known as the Holy Shroud ( it, Sacra Sindone, links=no or ), is a length of linen cloth bearing the negative image of a man. Some describe the image as depicting Jesus of Nazareth and bel ...
and discovers that the image on the Shroud itself appears to be a
photographic negative
In photography, a negative is an image, usually on a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film, in which the lightest areas of the photographed subject appear darkest and the darkest areas appear lightest. This reversed order occurs because th ...
.
![Philippines Flag Original](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Philippines_Flag_Original.svg)
*
June 1
Events Pre-1600
*1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen people, Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
*1252 – Alfonso X is pr ...
– The
Trans-Mississippi Exposition World's Fair
A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specif ...
opens, in
Omaha, Nebraska
Omaha ( ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Nebraska and the county seat of Douglas County. Omaha is in the Midwestern United States on the Missouri River, about north of the mouth of the Platte River. The nation's 39th-largest cit ...
.
*
June 7 –
William Ramsay and
Morris Travers discover
neon
Neon is a chemical element with the symbol Ne and atomic number 10. It is a noble gas. Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air. It was discovered (along with krypton ...
at their laboratory at
University College London
, mottoeng = Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward
, established =
, type = Public research university
, endowment = £143 million (2020)
, budget = ...
, after extracting it from liquid nitrogen.
*
June 9 – The British government arranges a
99-year rent of Hong Kong from China.
*
June 10 –
Tuone Udaina
Tuone Udaina (1823 – 10 June 1898; Antonio Udina in Italian) was the last person to have any active knowledge of the Dalmatian language, a Romance language that had evolved from Latin along the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. He was ...
, the last known speaker of the
Dalmatian language
Dalmatian () or Dalmatic (; dlm, langa dalmata, link=no or simply ; it, lingua dalmatica, dalmatico; sh, dalmatski) was a Romance language that was spoken in the Dalmatia region of present-day Croatia, and as far south as Kotor in Monteneg ...
, is killed in an explosion.
*
June 11 – Peking Normal University Hall, as predecessor for
Peking University
Peking University (PKU; ) is a public research university in Beijing, China. The university is funded by the Ministry of Education.
Peking University was established as the Imperial University of Peking in 1898 when it received its royal charter ...
was founded in
Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
. (present day of
People's Republic of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
)
*
June 12
Events Pre-1600
* 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
* 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of Fr ...
–
Philippine Declaration of Independence
The Philippine Declaration of Independence ( fil, Pagpapahayag ng Kasarinlan ng Pilipinas; es, Declaración de Independencia de Filipinas); es, Acta de la proclamación de independencia del pueblo Filipino, link=no) was proclaimed by Fili ...
: After more than 377 years of Spanish dominance, General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
* June 13 – Yukon, Yukon Territory is formed in Canada, with Dawson City, Dawson chosen as its capital.
* June 19 – A snack food processing giant Nabisco founded in New Jersey, United States.
* June 21 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: The United States Capture of Guam, captures Guam, making it the first U.S. Overseas expansion of the United States, overseas territory.
* June 28 – Effective date of the Curtis Act of 1898 which will lead to the dissolution of tribal and communal lands in Indian Territory and ultimately the creation of the State of Oklahoma in 1907.
July–September
* July 1 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: Battle of San Juan Hill – United States troops (including Buffalo Soldiers and Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders) take a strategic position close to Santiago de Cuba from the Spanish.
* July 3
**
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: Battle of Santiago de Cuba – The United States Navy destroys the
Spanish Navy's Caribbean Squadron.
** American adventurer Joshua Slocum completes a 3-year solo circumnavigation of the world.
* July 4 – En route from New York to Le Havre, the ocean liner collides with another ship and sinks off the coast of Sable Island with the loss of 549 lives.
* July 7 – The United States annexes the Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands.
* July 9 – The Nationale Tentoonstelling van Vrouwenarbeid 1898 took place in The Hague and becomes a milestone for the Dutch women's movement.
* July 17 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: Battle of Santiago Bay – Troops under United States General William R. Shafter take the city of Santiago de Cuba from the Spanish.
* July 18 – "The Adventures of Louis de Rougemont" first appear in ''The Wide World Magazine'', as its August 1898 issue goes on sale.
* July 25 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: The United States invasion of Puerto Rico begins, with a landing at Guánica, Puerto Rico, Guánica Bay.
* August 12 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: Hostilities end between American and Spanish forces in Cuba.
* August 13 –
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
: Battle of Manila (1898), Battle of Manila – By prior agreement, the Spanish commander surrenders the city of Manila to the United States, in order to keep it out of the hands of Filipino rebels, ending hostilities in the Philippines.
* August 20 – The Gornergrat railway opens, connecting Zermatt to the Gornergrat in Switzerland.
* August 21 – Clube de Regatas Vasco da Gama is founded in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
* August 23 – The Southern Cross Expedition, the first British venture of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, sets sail from London.
* August 24 – Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes sign the Atoka Agreement, a requirement of the Curtis Act of 1898.
* August 25 – 700 Greeks and 15 Englishmen are slaughtered by the Turks in Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece, leading to the establishment of the autonomous Cretan State.
* August 28 – American pharmacist Caleb Bradham names his soft drink ''Pepsi-Cola''.
* September 2 – Battle of Omdurman: British and Egyptian troops led by Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener of Khartoum, Horatio Kitchener defeat Sudanese tribesmen led by Khalifa Abdullah al-Taashi, thus establishing British dominance in the Sudan.
* September 10 – Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni assassinates Empress Elisabeth of Austria in Geneva, as an act of propaganda of the deed.
* September 18 – Fashoda Incident: A powerful flotilla of British gunboats arrives at the French-occupied fort of Fashoda on the White Nile, leading to a diplomatic stalemate, until French troops are ordered to withdraw on November 3.
* September 21
** Empress Dowager Cixi of China engineers a coup d'état, marking the end of the Hundred Days' Reform; the Guangxu Emperor is arrested.
** Geert Adriaans Boomgaard of Groningen in the Netherlands becomes the world's first validated supercentenarian.
October–December
* October 1 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business is founded, under the name ''K.U.K. Exportakademie''.
* October 3 – Battle of Sugar Point: Ojibwe tribesmen defeat U.S. government troops, in northern Minnesota.
* October 3–October 8, 8 – The Stuttgart Congress of the Social Democratic Party of Germany is held in Stuttgart.
* October 6 – The Sinfonia Club, later to become the Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia fraternity, is founded at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, Massachusetts by Ossian Everett Mills.
* October 12 – The first town council is established in Mateur, Tunisia.
![Boston-MA-blizzard-snow-train-November-27-1898-photo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Boston-MA-blizzard-snow-train-November-27-1898-photo.jpg)
* October 15 – The Fork Union Military Academy is founded, in Fork Union, Virginia.
* October 31 – The Lutheran Church of the Redeemer, Jerusalem, is dedicated.
* November 5 – Negros Revolution: Filipinos on the island of Negros (Philippines), Negros revolt against Spanish East Indies, Spanish rule and establish the short-lived Republic of Negros.
* November 10 – The Wilmington insurrection of 1898, a coup d'état by the white Democratic Party of North Carolina, begins.
* November 26 – A two-day blizzard known as the Portland Gale piles snow in Boston, severely impacting the Massachusetts fishing industry and several coastal New England towns.
* December 9 – The first of the two Tsavo Man-Eaters is shot by John Henry Patterson (author), John Henry Patterson; the second is killed 3 weeks later, after 135 railway construction workers have been killed by the lions.
* December 10 – The Treaty of Paris (1898), Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
.
* December 18 – Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat sets the first official land speed record in an automobile, averaging 63.15 km/h (39.24 mph) over 1 km (0.62 mi) in France.
* December 26 – Marie Curie, Marie and Pierre Curie announce the discovery of an element that they name ''radium''.
* December 29 (December 17 Old Style) – Moscow Art Theatre production of The Seagull, The Moscow Art Theatre production of ''The Seagull'' by Anton Chekhov opens.
* December 31 – French serial killer Joseph Vacher is executed at Bourg-en-Bresse.
Unknown dates
* North Petherton becomes the first community in England to install acetylene lighting.
* Wakita, Oklahoma, Wakita is founded in the Cherokee Outlet, Cherokee Strip, Oklahoma.
* Henry Adams Consulting Engineers founded by Henry Adams (mechanical engineer) in Baltimore, Maryland (the firm will still be in business in the 21st century).
* The first volume of the Linguistic Survey Of India is published in Calcutta.
* As a result of the merger of several small oil companies, John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company controls 84% of the USA's oil, and most American pipelines.
* JG Palmer is established as a newspaper wholesaler in Kent.
Births
January–March
![Dönges cropped](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/D%C3%B6nges_cropped.jpg)
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...
** Tony DeMarco (dancer), Tony DeMarco, American dancer (d. 1965)
** Binay Ranjan Sen, Indian diplomat, 4th Director General of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (d. 1993)
* January 3 – John Loder (actor), John Loder, British actor (d. 1988)
* January 7 – Art Baker (actor), Art Baker, American actor (d. 1966)
* January 9 – Gracie Fields, British singer, actress and comedian (d. 1979)
*
January 13
Events Pre-1600
* 27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years.
* 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racing ...
–
** Kaj Munk, Danish playwright, Lutheranism, Lutheran pastor and martyr (d. 1944)
** Samsa (writer), Samsa, Indian playwright, poet and novelist (d.1939)
* January 16
** Margaret Booth, American film editor (d. 2002)
** Irving Rapper, English-born American director (d. 1999)
* January 18 – Margaret Irving, American actress (d. 1988)
* January 20
** John George (actor), John George, Ottoman-born American actor (d. 1968)
** Tudor Owen (actor), Tudor Owen, Welsh-American actor (d. 1979)
** Norma Varden, British-born American actress (d. 1989)
* January 21
** Rudolph Maté, Polish-born American cinematographer, film director (d. 1964)
** Shah Ahmad Shah Qajar of Persia (d. 1930)
* January 22
** Sergei Eisenstein, Russian and Soviet film director (d. 1948)
**Elazar Shach, Lithuanian-born Israeli Haredi rabbi (d. 2001)
* January 23
** Randolph Scott, American film actor (d. 1987)
* January 24 – Karl Hermann Frank, German Nazi official, war criminal (d. 1946)
* January 25 – Hymie Weiss, American gangster (d. 1926)
* January 26 – Katarzyna Kobro, Polish sculptor (d. 1951)
* February 1 – Leila Denmark, American pediatrician, supercentenarian (d. 2012)
* February 2 – William "Billy" Costello, American voice actor, the original voice of Popeye (d. 1971)
* February 3 – Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect (d. 1976)
* February 5
** Sidney Fields, American actor (d. 1975)
** DenjirÅ ÅŒkÅchi, Japanese actor (d. 1962)
* February 10
** Bertolt Brecht, German writer (d. 1956)
** Robert Keith (actor), Robert Keith, American actor (d. 1966)
** Joseph Kessel, French journalist, author (d. 1979)
* February 11
** Henry de La Falaise, French film director, Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France), Croix de guerre recipient (d. 1972)
** Leó Szilárd, Hungarian-American physicist (d. 1964)
*
February 12
Events Pre-1600
*1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna.
*1429 – English forces under ...
** Wallace Ford, British actor (d. 1966)
** Roy Harris, American composer (d. 1979)
** Audrey Jeffers, Trinidadian social worker, politician (d. 1968)
** Blue Washington, American actor, Negro league baseball player (d. 1970)
* February 14
**Eva Novak, American actress (d. 1988)
** Raúl Scalabrini Ortiz, Argentine writer, journalist, essayist and poet (d. 1959)
** Fritz Zwicky, Swiss physicist, astronomer (d. 1974)
*
February 15
Events Pre-1600
* 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus
* 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
* 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
** Bud Geary, American actor (d. 1946)
** Totò, Italian comedian, actor, poet, and songwriter (d. 1967)
** Allen Woodring, American runner (d. 1982)
* February 18
** Enzo Ferrari, Italian race car driver, automobile manufacturer (d. 1988)
** Luis Muñoz MarÃn, Puerto Rican poet, journalist and politician (d. 1980)
* February 20 – Semyon Davidovich Kirlian, Russian inventor (d. 1978)
* February 25 – William Astbury, English physicist, molecular biologist (d. 1961)
* February 24 – Kurt Tank, German aeronautical engineer (d. 1983)
* February 27 – Otto Hulett, American actor (d. 1983)
* February 28
**Hugh O'Flaherty, Irish Catholic priest (d. 1963)
**Molly Picon, American actress, lyricist (d. 1992)
* March 3 – Emil Artin, Austrian mathematician (d. 1962)
* March 4 – Georges Dumézil, French philologist (d. 1986)
* March 5
** Misao Okawa, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2015)
** Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976)
** Soong Mei-ling, First Lady of China (d. 2003)
* March 6 – Therese Giehse, German actress (d. 1975)
* March 8 – Eben Dönges, acting Prime Minister of South Africa and elected President of South Africa (d. 1968)
* March 10 – Cy Kendall, American actor (d. 1953)
* March 11 – Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
* March 13 – Henry Hathaway, American film director, producer (d. 1985)
*
March 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland.
* 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...
– Arnold Chikobava, Georgian linguist (d. 1985)
* March 15 – Gardner Dow, American college football player (d. 1919)
* March 21 – Paul Alfred Weiss, Austrian biologist (d. 1989)
* March 23
** Erich Bey, German admiral (d. 1943)
** Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset, Duchess of Parma (d. 1984)
* March 25 – Marcelle Narbonne, French supercentenarian, oldest European living person (d. 2012)
* March 30 – Joyce Carey, English actress (d. 1993)
* March 31 – Hermann van Pels, German-Dutch father of Peter van Pels, housemate of Anne Frank (d. 1944)
April–June
![Jacobus Johannes Fouché 1968](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Jacobus_Johannes_Fouch%C3%A9_1968.jpg)
* April 1 – William James Sidis, American mathematician (d. 1944)
* April 2 – Harindranath Chattopadhyay, Indian poet, actor and politician (d. 1990)
* April 3 – George Jessel (actor), George Jessel, American comedian (d. 1981)
* April 4 – Agnes Ayres, American actress (d. 1940)
* April 6 – Jeanne Hébuterne, French painter (d. 1920)
* April 9 – Paul Robeson, African-American actor, singer and political activist (d. 1976)
* April 12 – Lily Pons, French-American opera singer, actress (d. 1976)
* April 14 – Lee Tracy, American actor (d. 1968)
* April 15 – Marian Driscoll Jordan, American actress (d. 1961)
* April 19 – Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
*
April 20 – Sidney Lanfield, American film director (d. 1972)
*
April 21
Events Pre-1600
*753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date).
* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
– Walter Forde, British actor, screenwriter and film director (d. 1984)
*
April 23
Events Pre-1600
* 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.
* 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southe ...
– Ernest Laszlo, Hungarian-American cinematographer (d. 1984)
*
April 26
** Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
** John Grierson, Scottish documentary filmmaker (d. 1972)
** Tomu Uchida, Japanese film director (d. 1970)
*
May 2 – Henry Hall (bandleader), Henry Hall, British bandleader (d. 1989)
* May 3
** Golda Meir, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1978)
** Septima Poinsette Clark, American educator and civil rights activist (d. 1987)
* May 5
** Elsie Eaves, American civil engineer (d. 1983)
** Blind Willie McTell, American singer (d. 1959)
** Hans Heinrich von Twardowski, German actor (d. 1958)
* May 6 – Konrad Henlein, Sudeten German Nazi leader (d. 1945)
* May 13
** Hisamuddin of Selangor, King of Malaysia (d. 1960)
** Justin Tuveri, Italian World War I veteran (d. 2007)
* May 14
** Hastings Banda, 1st President of Malawi (d. 1997)
** Betty Farrington, American actress (d. 1989)
* May 15 – Arletty, French model, actress (d. 1992)
* May 16
** Tamara de Lempicka, Polish Art Deco painter (d. 1980)
** Kenji Mizoguchi, Japanese film director (d. 1956)
* May 17
** Anagarika Govinda, German buddhist lama (d. 1985)
** Alfred Joseph Casson, Canadian painter (d. 1992)
* May 19 – Julius Evola, Italian philosopher (d. 1974)
* May 21 – Armand Hammer, American entrepreneur, art collector (d. 1990)
* May 23
** Frank McHugh, American actor (d. 1981)
** Scott O'Dell, American author (d. 1989)
* May 24 – Helen B. Taussig, American cardiologist (d. 1986)
* May 25 – Bennett Cerf, American publisher (d. 1971)
*
May 27
Events Pre-1600
* 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed.
* 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death.
* 1153 &ndash ...
– Lee Garmes, American cinematographer (d. 1978)
* May 31
** Ernest Haller, American cinematographer (d. 1974)
** Dr. Norman Vincent Peale, American clergyman (d. 1993)
* June 3 – Stuart H. Ingersoll, American admiral (d. 1983)
* June 4 – Harry Crosby, American publisher, poet (d. 1929)
* June 5
** Federico GarcÃa Lorca, Spanish poet, playwright (d. 1936)
** Guy La Chambre, French politician (d. 1975)
* June 6
** Walter Abel, American actor (d. 1987)
** Ninette de Valois, Irish dancer, founder of The Royal Ballet, London (d. 2001)
** Jim Fouché, 5th President of South Africa (d. 1980)
*
June 10
** Michel Hollard, French Resistance hero (d. 1993)
** Virginia Valli, American film actress (d. 1968)
*
June 11 – Lionel Penrose, English geneticist (d. 1972)
*
June 12
Events Pre-1600
* 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
* 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of Fr ...
– Charley Foy, American actor (d. 1984)
* June 17
** M. C. Escher, Dutch artist (d. 1972)
** Harry Patch, British World War I soldier, the last Tommy Atkins, Tommy (d. 2009)
* June 18
** Carleton Hobbs, English actor who played Sherlock Holmes for two decades (d. 1978)
** Dink Trout, American actor (d. 1950)
* June 22
** Weeratunge Edward Perera, Malaysian educator, businessman and social entrepreneur (d. 1982)
** Erich Maria Remarque, German writer (d. 1970)
* June 23 – Lillian Hall-Davis, English actress (d. 1933)
* June 25 – Buddy Roosevelt, American actor, stunt performer (d. 1973)
* June 26
** Sa`id Al-Mufti, 3-time prime minister of Jordan (d. 1989)
** Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft designer, manufacturer (d. 1978)
* June 28 – Louis King, American film director (d. 1962)
* June 30
** George Chandler, American actor (d. 1985)
** Alfredo Duhalde, Chilean politician (d. 1985)
July–September
![George Gershwin 1937](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/George_Gershwin_1937.jpg)
* July 1 – Charles Hartmann, American jazz trombonist (d. 1982)
* July 2
** George J. Folsey, American cinematographer (d. 1988)
** Anthony McAuliffe, American general (d. 1975)
* July 3
** Donald Healey, English motor engineer, race car driver (d. 1988)
** Stefanos Stefanopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1982)
* July 4
** Gertrude Weaver, American supercentenarian, last surviving person born in 1898 (d. 2015)
** Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician, economist (d. 1998)
** Gertrude Lawrence, English actress, singer (d. 1952)
** Johnny Lee (actor), Johnny Lee, American singer, dancer, and actor (d. 1965)
* July 5 – Richard P. Condie, American conductor of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir (d. 1985)
* July 6
** Bill Amos, American college football player, coach (d. 1987)
** Hanns Eisler, German composer (d. 1962)
* July 7
** List of Portuguese supercentenarians#Maria Nunes da Silva, Maria Nunes da Silva, Portuguese supercentenarian (d. 2011)
** Teresa Hsu Chih, Chinese-born Singaporean social worker, supercentenarian (d. 2011)
** Arnold Horween, American Harvard Crimson, NFL football player (d. 1985)
** Hugh Llewellyn Keenleyside, Canadian university professor, diplomat, and civil servant (d. 1992)
* July 9
** Gerard Walschap, Belgian writer (d. 1989)
** Al Bedner, American football player (d. 1988)
* July 10 – Theodore Miller Edison, American businessman, inventor, and environmentalist (d. 1992)
* July 13 – Ivan Triesault, Estonian-born American actor (d. 1980)
* July 14
** David Horne (actor), David Horne, English actor (d. 1970)
** John Twist, American screenwriter (d. 1976)
** Happy Chandler, American politician (d. 1991)
** Youssef Wahbi, Egyptian actor, film director (d. 1982)
* July 15
** Howard Graham (Canadian Army officer), Howard Graham, Canadian Army Officer (d. 1986)
** Erik Wilén, Finnish sprinter (d. 1982)
* July 17
** Osmond Borradaile, Canadian cameraman, cinematographer and veteran of the First and Second World Wars (d. 1999)
** Berenice Abbott, American photographer (d. 1991)
** George Robert Vincent, American sound recording pioneer (d. 1985)
** Benito DÃaz, Spanish football manager, player (d. 1990)
* July 18 – John Stuart (actor), John Stuart, Scottish actor (d. 1979)
* July 19 – Gustavo Machado Morales, Venezuelan politician and journalist (d. 1983)
* July 21 – Sara Carter, American country music singer, musician, and songwriter (d. 1979)
* July 22
** Stephen Vincent Benét, American writer (d. 1943)
** Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
* July 23 – Walter L. Morgan, American banker (d. 1998)
* July 25 – Arthur Lubin, American film director (d. 1995)
* July 28 – Lawrence Gray, American actor (d. 1970)
* July 29 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
* July 30 – Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
* July 31 – Ken Harris, American animator (d. 1982)
* August 2 – Glenn Tryon, American actor, screenwriter, and film director (d. 1970)
* August 5
**Lewis R. Foster, American film director, screenwriter (d. 1974)
**Kumbakonam Rajamanickam Pillai, Indian Tamil Carnatic music violinist (d. 1970)
* August 11 – Peter Mohr Dam, 2-time prime minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 1968)
* August 12
** Kenneth Hawks, American film director (d. 1930)
** Maria Klenova, Russian marine geologist (d. 1976)
** Oskar Homolka, Austrian actor (d. 1978)
* August 13
** Mohamad Noah Omar, Malaysian politician (d. 1991)
** Regis Toomey, American actor (d. 1991)
* August 15 – Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet (d. 1966)
* August 17 – Dewey Robinson, American actor (d. 1950)
* August 18
** Lance Sharkey, Australian Communist Leader (d. 1967)
** Tsola Dragoycheva, Bulgarian politician (d. 1993)
* August 19 – Eleanor Boardman, American actress (d. 1991)
* August 20
** Leopold Infeld, Polish physicist (d. 1968)
** Vilhelm Moberg, Swedish novelist, historian (d. 1973)
* August 21 – Herbert Mundin, English actor (d. 1939)
* August 23 – W. E. Butler, British occultist (d. 1978)
* August 25 – Van Nest Polglase, American art director, design department head at RKO Pictures (d. 1968)
* August 26 – Peggy Guggenheim, American art collector (d. 1979)
* August 27 – John Hamilton (gangster), John Hamilton, Canadian criminal, bank robber (d. 1934)
* August 29 – Preston Sturges, American director, writer (d. 1959)
* August 30 – Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)
* September 1
** Violet Carson, British actress (d. 1983)
** Marilyn Miller, American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1936)
* September 2
** Alfons Gorbach, 15th Chancellor of Austria (d. 1972)
** Arthur Young (actor), Arthur Young, English actor (d. 1959)
* September 8 – Queenie Smith, American actress (d. 1978)
* September 10
** George Eldredge, American actor (d. 1977)
** Bessie Love, American actress (d. 1986)
* September 13
** Roger Désormière, French conductor (d. 1963)
** Emilio Núñez Portuondo, Cuban diplomat, lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Cuba (d. 1978)
* September 16 – Baruch Lumet, Polish-born American actor (d. 1992)
* September 19 – Giuseppe Saragat, President of Italy (d. 1988)
* September 22 – Katharine Alexander, American actress (d. 1981)
* September 24 – Howard Florey, Australian-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1968)
* September 25 – Robert Brackman, American artist (d. 1980)
* September 26 – George Gershwin, American composer (d. 1937)
* September 29 – Trofim Lysenko, Russian biologist (d. 1976)
* September 30
** Renée Adorée, French actress (d. 1933)
** Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois, Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977)
October–December
![Baby Dodds (Gottlieb 02051)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Baby_Dodds_%28Gottlieb_02051%29.jpg)
* October 3 – Morgan Farley, American actor (d. 1988)
* October 6
** Arthur G. Jones-Williams, British aviator (d. 1929)
** Mitchell Leisen, American film director (d. 1972)
** Clarence Williams (musician), Clarence Williams, American jazz pianist, composer (d. 1965) (some sources give his year of birth as 1893)
* October 7 – Joe Giard, American baseball player (d. 1956)
* October 10
** Lilly Daché, French milliner (d. 1989)
** Marie-Pierre KÅ“nig, French general, politician (d. 1970)
* October 15 – Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (d. 1959)
* October 16 – William O. Douglas, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1980)
* October 17 – Shinichi Suzuki (violinist), Shinichi Suzuki, Japanese musician, educator (d. 1998)
* October 18
** George Curzon (actor), George Curzon, English actor (d. 1976)
** Lotte Lenya, Austrian actress, singer (d. 1981)
* October 20 – Sergi Jikia, Georgian historian and orientalist (d. 1993)
* October 22 – Dámaso Alonso, Spanish poet (d. 1990)
* October 28 – Abdul Khalek Hassouna, Egyptian diplomat, 2nd Secretary-General of the Arab League (d. 1992)
* November 1 – Philip Ray, British actor (d. 1978)
* November 4 – Joe Dougherty, first voice of Porky Pig (d. 1978)
* November 11 – René Clair, French filmmaker, novelist, and non-fiction writer (d. 1981)
* November 12 – Leon Å tukelj, Slovene gymnast (d. 1999)
* November 14 – Benjamin Fondane (née Wechsler), Romanian-French Symbolist poet, critic and existentialist philosopher (d. 1944)
* November 17
** Colleen Clifford, Australian actress (d. 1996)
** Maurice Journeau, French composer (d. 1999)
* November 18
** Joris Ivens, Dutch director (d. 1989)
** Andrés Soler, Mexican actor (d. 1969)
* November 19 – Arthur R. von Hippel, German-born physicist (d. 2003)
* November 21 – René Magritte, Belgian artist (d. 1967)
* November 22 – Gabriel González Videla, Chilean politician (d. 1980)
* November 23 – Bess Flowers, American actress (d. 1984)
* November 24 – Liu Shaoqi, President of the People's Republic of China (d. 1969)
* November 25 – Debaki Bose, Indian actor, director and writer (d. 1971)
* November 26 – Karl Ziegler, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
* November 29
** Rod La Rocque, American actor (d. 1969)
** C. S. Lewis, British author (d. 1963)
* November 30 – Firpo Marberry, American baseball pitcher (d. 1976)
* December 2 – Indra Lal Roy, Indian World War I pilot (d. 1918)
* December 3 – Monte Collins, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1951)
* December 5 – Grace Moore, American opera singer, actress (d. 1947)
* December 6
** Alfred Eisenstaedt, American photojournalist (d. 1995)
** Gunnar Myrdal, Swedish sociologist, economist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
* December 9
** Emmett Kelly, American circus clown (d. 1979)
** Clarine Seymour, American actress (d. 1920)
* December 11
** Benno Mengele, Austrian electrical engineer (d. 1971)
** Taro Shoji, Japanese singer (d. 1972)
* December 14 – Lillian Randolph, American actress, singer (d. 1980)
* December 19 – Zheng Zhenduo, Chinese author, translator (d. 1958)
* December 20 – Irene Dunne, American actress (d. 1990)
* December 24 – Baby Dodds, American jazz drummer (d. 1959)
* December 27
** Hilda Vaughn, American actress (d. 1957)
** Inejiro Asanuma, Japanese politician (d. 1960)
* December 28 – Shigematsu Sakaibara, Japanese admiral and war criminal (d. 1947)
* December 29 – Randi Anda, Norwegian politician (d. 1999)
* December 30
**Umm Kulthum, Egyptian singer and actress (d. 1975)
**Claire Huchet Bishop, author of ''The Five Chinese Brothers'' (with illustrator Kurt Wiese) and ''The Man Who Lost His Head'' (with illustrator Robert McCloskey) (d. 1993)
* December 31 – István Dobi, Hungarian leader (d. 1968)
Date unknown
* I. K. Taimni, Indian chemist (d. 1978)
* William Wardsworth, Liberian politician (d. 1977)
Deaths
January–June
![MatildaJoslynGage](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/MatildaJoslynGage.jpeg)
* January 3 – Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Confederate States Army, Confederate brigadier general, Texas governor, and president of Texas A&M University (b. 1838)
* January 14 – Lewis Carroll, British writer, mathematician (''Alice in Wonderland'') (b. 1832)
* January 16 – Charles Pelham Villiers, longest-serving MP in the British House of Commons (b. 1802)
* January 18 – Henry Liddell, English Dean of Christ Church, Oxford (b. 1811)
* January 26 – Cornelia J. M. Jordan, American lyricist (b. 1830)
* February 1 – Tsuboi KÅzÅ, Japanese admiral (b. 1843)
* February 6 – Abdul Samad of Selangor, Malaysian ruler, 4th Sultan of Selangor (b. 1804)
* February 16 – Thomas Bracken, author of the official national anthem of New Zealand (''God Defend New Zealand'') (b. 1843)
*
March 1
Events Pre-1600
*509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor ...
– George Bruce Malleson, Indian officer, author (b. 1825)
* March 6 – Andrei Alexandrovich Popov, Russian admiral (b. 1821)
* March 10
** Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French religious (b. 1817)
** George Müller, Prussian evangelist, founder of the New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol, Ashley Down orphanage (b. 1805)
* March 11 – William Rosecrans, California congressman, Register of the Treasury, Register of the U.S. Treasury (b. 1819)
* March 15 – Henry Bessemer, Sir Henry Bessemer, British engineer, inventor (b. 1813)
*
March 16 – Aubrey Beardsley, British artist (b. 1872)
* March 18 – Matilda Joslyn Gage, American feminist (b. 1826)
* March 27 – Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Indian university founder (b. 1817)
* March 28 – Anton Seidl, Hungarian conductor (b. 1850)
* April 13 – Aurilla Furber, American author (b. 1847)
* April 15 – Te Keepa Te Rangihiwinui, Maori military leader
* April 18 – Gustave Moreau, French painter (b. 1826)
*
April 29 – Mary Towne Burt, American benefactor (b. 1842)
* May 19 – William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1809)
* May 22 – Edward Bellamy, American author (b. 1850)
* May 29 – Theodor Eimer, German zoologist (b. 1843)
* June 4 – Rosalie Olivecrona, Swedish feminist activist (b. 1823)
*
June 10 –
Tuone Udaina
Tuone Udaina (1823 – 10 June 1898; Antonio Udina in Italian) was the last person to have any active knowledge of the Dalmatian language, a Romance language that had evolved from Latin along the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. He was ...
, Croatian-Italian last speaker of the
Dalmatian language
Dalmatian () or Dalmatic (; dlm, langa dalmata, link=no or simply ; it, lingua dalmatica, dalmatico; sh, dalmatski) was a Romance language that was spoken in the Dalmatia region of present-day Croatia, and as far south as Kotor in Monteneg ...
(b. 1821)
* June 14 – Dewitt Clinton Senter, American politician, 18th Governor of Tennessee (b. 1830)
* June 25 – Ferdinand Cohn, German biologist, bacteriologist and microbiologist (b. 1828)
July–December
![Charbel](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Charbel.jpg)
* July 1
**Siegfried Marcus, Austrian automobile pioneer (b. 1831)
**JoaquÃn Vara de Rey y Rubio, Spanish general (killed in action) (b. 1841)
* July 5 – Richard Pankhurst, English lawyer, radical and supporter of women's rights (b. 1834)
* July 8 – Soapy Smith, American con artist and gangster (b. 1860)
* July 14 – Louis-François Richer Laflèche, Roman Catholic Bishop of Trois-Rivières, Native American missionary (b. 1818)
* July 30 – Otto von Bismarck, German statesman (b. 1815)
* August 8 – Eugène Boudin, French painter (b. 1824)
* August 11 – Sophia Braeunlich, American business manager (b. 1854)
* September 2 – Wilford Woodruff, fourth president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1807)
* September 5 – Sarah Emma Edmonds, Canadian nurse, spy (b. 1841)
* September 9 – Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet (b. 1842)
* September 10 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria, empress consort of Austria, queen consort of Hungary (assassinated) (b. 1837)
* September 16 – Ramón Emeterio Betances, Puerto Rican politician, medical doctor and diplomat (b. 1827)
* September 19 – George Grey, Sir George Grey, 11th Premier of New Zealand (b. 1812)
* September 20 – Theodor Fontane, German writer (b. 1819)
* September 26 – Fanny Davenport, American actress (b. 1850)
* September 28 – Tan Sitong, Chinese revolutionary (executed) (b. 1865)
* September 29 – Louise of Hesse-Kassel, German princess, queen consort of Christian IX of Denmark (b. 1817)
* October 24 – Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, French painter (b. 1824)
* November 2 – George Goyder, surveyor-general of South Australia (b. 1826)
* November 20 – Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet, Sir John Fowler, British people, British civil engineer (b. 1817)
* December 24 – Charbel Makhluf, Lebanese Maronite, Roman Catholic and Eastern Catholic monk, priest and saint (b. 1828)
* December 25 – Laura Gundersen, Norwegian actress (b. 1832)
Date unknown
* Sotirios Sotiropoulos, Greek economist, politician (b. 1831)
References
Sources
* Morro Castle (Havana), Morro Castle (fortress) downloadable videos. ( needs Flash)
* view of USS Indiana (BB-1) (needs Flash)
* (needs Flash)
* view of 10th Infantry Regiment (United States)#2nd Battalion, 10th U.S. Infantry, 2nd Battalion (needs Flash)
* view of Tampa, Florida (needs Flash)
* view of Tampa, Florida (needs Flash)
* (needs Flash)
* (needs Flash)
* (needs Flash)
* view of Daiquirà after the United States invasion of Cuba in the
Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
(needs Flash)
* view of William Rufus Shafter, Major General Shafter (needs Flash)
* view of Santiago de Cuba, Santiago (needs Flash)
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1898,