Events
January–March
*
January 3 –
Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic.
*
February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria assumes the title
His Majesty Othon the First, by the Grace of God, King of Greece, Prince of Bavaria.
*
February 16
Events Pre-1600
*1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire.
*1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...
– The United States Supreme Court hands down its landmark decision of
Barron v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore.
*
March 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth).
* 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
* 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
–
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American lawyer, planter, general, and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before being elected to the presidency, he gained fame as ...
is
sworn in for his second term as President of the United States.
April–June
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– General
Antonio López de Santa Anna
Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón (; 21 February 1794 – 21 June 1876),Callcott, Wilfred H., "Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez De,''Handbook of Texas Online'' Retrieved 18 April 2017. usually known as Santa Ann ...
is elected
President of Mexico
The president of Mexico ( es, link=no, Presidente de México), officially the president of the United Mexican States ( es, link=no, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos), is the head of state and head of government of Mexico. Under the Co ...
by the legislatures of 16 of the 18 Mexican states. During his frequent absences from office to fight on the battlefield, Santa Anna turns the duties of government over to his vice president,
Valentín Gómez Farías
Valentín Gómez Farías (; 14 February 1781 – 5 July 1858) was a Mexican physician and liberal politician who became president of Mexico twice, first in 1833, during the period of the First Mexican Republic, and again in 1846, during the ...
.
*
April 18
Events Pre-1600
* 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Coria (Corbridge), Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald of Northumbria, Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 d ...
– Over 300 delegates from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland travel to the office of the Prime Minister, the
Earl Grey
Earl Grey is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1806 for General Charles Grey, 1st Baron Grey. In 1801, he was given the title Baron Grey of Howick in the County of Northumberland, and in 1806 he was created Viscou ...
, to call for the immediate abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire.
*
May 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance.
* 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
**
Carl Friedrich Gauss
Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (; german: Gauß ; la, Carolus Fridericus Gauss; 30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields in mathematics and science. Sometimes refer ...
and
Wilhelm Weber obtain permission to build an
electromagnetic telegraph
Electrical telegraphs were point-to-point text messaging systems, primarily used from the 1840s until the late 20th century. It was the first electrical telecommunications system and the most widely used of a number of early messaging systems ...
in
Göttingen
Göttingen (, , ; nds, Chöttingen) is a university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the capital of the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. At the end of 2019, the population was 118,911.
General information
The ori ...
.
** In
Alexandria, Virginia
Alexandria is an independent city in the northern region of the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. It lies on the western bank of the Potomac River approximately south of downtown Washington, D.C.
In 2020, the population was 159,467. ...
, an attack is made on U.S. President
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American lawyer, planter, general, and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before being elected to the presidency, he gained fame as ...
.
*
May 10 – The
Le Van Khoi revolt breaks out in southern Vietnam against Emperor
Minh Mang
{{Orphan, date=December 2021
Minh (Chữ Nôm: 明) is a popular unisex given name of Vietnamese origin, written using the Chinese character (明) meaning "bright", and is also popular among other East Asian names. The Chinese name Ming has the s ...
, who has desecrated the deceased mandarin
Le Van Duyet.
*
May 11 – British
brig ''
Lady of the Lake
The Lady of the Lake (french: Dame du Lac, Demoiselle du Lac, cy, Arglwyddes y Llyn, kw, Arloedhes an Lynn, br, Itron al Lenn, it, Dama del Lago) is a name or a title used by several either fairy or fairy-like but human enchantresses in the ...
'', on passage from Ireland to Quebec, is struck by ice and sunk off
Cape St. Francis (Newfoundland) with the loss of between 170 and 265 lives and only 15 survivors.
*
May 25
Events Pre-1600
* 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
*240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– The
Chilean Constitution of 1833
The Constitution of 1833 was the constitution used in Chile from 1833 to 1925 when it was replaced by the Constitution of 1925. One of the most long-lived constitutions of Latin America, it was used to endorse both an authoritarian, presidential ...
is promulgated.
*
June 5 –
Ada Lovelace is introduced to
Charles Babbage by
Mary Somerville.
*
June 9
Events Pre-1600
*411 BC – The Athenian coup succeeds, forming a short-lived oligarchy.
* 53 – The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia.
* 68 – Nero dies by suicide after quoting Vergil's ''Aeneid'', thus ending th ...
–
Dubai
Dubai (, ; ar, دبي, translit=Dubayy, , ) is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the capital of the Emirate of Dubai, the most populated of the 7 emirates of the United Arab Emirates.The Government and Politics of ...
gets independence from the United Kingdom and is founded as a city.
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– An earthquake at
Fort Nisqually
Fort Nisqually was an important fur trading and farming post of the Hudson's Bay Company in the Puget Sound area, part of the Hudson's Bay Company's Columbia Department. It was located in what is now DuPont, Washington. Today it is a living h ...
is experienced by
William Fraser Tolmie; his journal entry records the first written eyewitness account of an earthquake in the
Puget Sound
Puget Sound ( ) is a sound of the Pacific Northwest, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean, and part of the Salish Sea. It is located along the northwestern coast of the U.S. state of Washington. It is a complex estuarine system of interconnected ma ...
region.
July–September
*
July 5
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.
* 1316 – The Burgundian a ...
–
Liberal Wars
The Liberal Wars (), also known as the Portuguese Civil War (), the War of the Two Brothers () or Miguelite War (), was a war between liberal constitutionalists and conservative absolutists in Portugal over royal succession that lasted from 18 ...
:
Battle of Cape St. Vincent – The forces of Queen
Maria II of Portugal
, image = Queen Maria II by John Simpson.jpg
, caption = Portrait by John Simpson, 1835
, succession = Queen of Portugal
, reign =
, predecessor = Pedro IV
, successor = Miguel I
, reg-type = Regents
, regent ...
win decisively.
*
July 8 – The
Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi The Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi (once commonly spelled Unkiar Skelessi, and translating to The Treaty of "the Royal Pier" or "the Sultan's Pier") was a treaty signed between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire on July 8, 1833, following the m ...
creates an alliance between the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
and the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
.
*
July 14
Events Pre-1600
* 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.
* 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
* 142 ...
–
John Keble
John Keble (25 April 1792 – 29 March 1866) was an English Anglican priest and poet who was one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement. Keble College, Oxford, was named after him.
Early life
Keble was born on 25 April 1792 in Fairford, Glouce ...
preaches a
sermon
A sermon is a religious discourse or oration by a preacher, usually a member of clergy. Sermons address a scriptural, theological, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief, law, or behavior within both past and present contexts. ...
at Oxford (in part a protest against the
Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act 1833
The Church Temporalities Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4 c. 37), sometimes called the Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act 1833, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland which undertook a major reorganisation of the Ch ...
), which is afterwards published as ''
National Apostasy
"National Apostasy" was a sermon preached by John Keble on 14 July 1833. The sermon has traditionally been considered as the beginning of the Oxford Movement of high church Anglicans.
Background
The previous five years had seen radical changes t ...
''; this sermon is traditionally considered as the beginning of the
Oxford Movement of
High Church
The term ''high church'' refers to beliefs and practices of Christian ecclesiology, liturgy, and theology that emphasize formality and resistance to modernisation. Although used in connection with various Christian traditions, the term originate ...
Anglicans
Anglicanism is a Western
Western may refer to:
Places
*Western, Nebraska, a village in the US
*Western, New York, a town in the US
*Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
*Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia ...
.
[Perry Butler, ]
Keble, John (1792–1866)
, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2006, accessed 16 May 2014.
*
July 20
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
* 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
– A mob in
Jackson County, Missouri, destroys the printing office of the early
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, informally known as the LDS Church or Mormon Church, is a nontrinitarian Christian church that considers itself to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ. The c ...
containing what becomes known as ''
The Doctrine and Covenants''.
*
August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
–
King William's College
King William's College (nicknamed KWC or King Bill's; gv, Colleish Ree Illiam) is an independent school for pupils aged 3 to 18, located near Castletown on the Isle of Man. It is a member of the International Baccalaureate and Headmasters' and ...
on the
Isle of Man
)
, anthem = "O Land of Our Birth"
, image = Isle of Man by Sentinel-2.jpg
, image_map = Europe-Isle_of_Man.svg
, mapsize =
, map_alt = Location of the Isle of Man in Europe
, map_caption = Location of the Isle of Man (green)
in Europe ...
officially opens.
*
August 12
Events Pre-1600
*1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
* 1121 – B ...
– The settlement of
Chicago
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
, image_map =
, map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago
, coordinates =
, coordinates_footnotes =
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name ...
is established by 350 settlers at the
estuary
An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environm ...
of the
Chicago River
The Chicago River is a system of rivers and canals with a combined length of that runs through the city of Chicago, including its center (the Chicago Loop). Though not especially long, the river is notable because it is one of the reasons for ...
in the
Illinois Territory
The Territory of Illinois was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 1, 1809, until December 3, 1818, when the southern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Illinois. Its ...
, USA.
*
August 18
Events Pre-1600
* 684 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria.
* 707 – Princess Abe accedes to the imperial Japanese throne as Empress Genmei.
*1304 & ...
– The Canadian ship sets out from
Pictou, Nova Scotia
Pictou ( ; Canadian Gaelic: ''Baile Phiogto'') is a town in Pictou County, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. Located on the north shore of Pictou Harbour, the town is approximately 10 km (6 miles) north of the larger town of New Glas ...
on a 25-day passage of the Atlantic Ocean (largely under steam) to
Gravesend, England.
*
August 20
Events Pre-1600
* AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile.
* 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take con ...
– Future United States President
Benjamin Harrison
Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833March 13, 1901) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893. He was a member of the Harrison family of Virginia–a grandson of the ninth pr ...
is born in
Ohio
Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...
. From this date until the death of Former U.S. President
James Madison
James Madison Jr. (March 16, 1751June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father. He served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. Madison is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for h ...
on
June 28 1836
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
* January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas.
* January 12
** , with Charles Darwin on board, re ...
, a total of 18 Presidents of the United States (2 former, 1 current, and 15 future) are living; which is more than any other time period in U.S. history.
*
August 26
Events Pre-1600
* 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah.
*1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most ...
– The
Canton of Basel
Basel was a canton of Switzerland that was in existence between 1501 and 1833, when it was split into the two half-cantons of Basel-City and Basel-Country.
Background
Before the Protestant Reformation, Basel was ruled by prince-bishops (see ...
is partitioned by the Swiss ''
Tagsatzung
The Federal Diet of Switzerland (german: Tagsatzung, ; french: Diète fédérale; it, Dieta federale) was the legislative and executive council of the Old Swiss Confederacy and existed in various forms from the beginnings of Swiss independen ...
'' to create the two
half-cantons of
Basel-City
Basel-Stadt or Basel-City (german: Kanton ; rm, Chantun Basilea-Citad; french: Canton de Bâle-Ville; it, Canton Basilea Città) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of three municipalities with Basel as ...
and
Basel-Country
Basel-Landschaft or Basel-Country informally known as Baselland or Baselbiet (; german: Kanton Basel-Landschaft ; rm, Chantun Basilea-Champagna; french: Canton de Bâle-Campagne; it, Canton Basilea Campagna), is one of the 26 cantons forming ...
.
*
August 28
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
* 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
– The British
Slavery Abolition Act 1833
The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. IV c. 73) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which provided for the gradual abolition of slavery in most parts of the British Empire. It was passed by Earl Grey's reforming administrat ...
, beginning the process of giving slaves in much of the
British Empire
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...
their freedom, receives
royal assent
Royal assent is the method by which a monarch formally approves an act of the legislature, either directly or through an official acting on the monarch's behalf. In some jurisdictions, royal assent is equivalent to promulgation, while in oth ...
(coming into effect
August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
,
1834
Events
January–March
* January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina.
* January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states.
* January 3 ...
). A £20 million fund is established to compensate slaveowners.
*
August 29
Events Pre-1600
* 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
* 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzantine M ...
– The
Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace of Westminster, London. It alone possesses legislative suprema ...
enacts the
Factory Acts, limiting
child labour.
*
August 31
Events Pre-1600
* 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty.
* 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– Chartered ship ''
Amphitrite
In ancient Greek mythology, Amphitrite (; grc-gre, Ἀμφιτρίτη, Amphitrítē) was the goddess of the sea, the queen of the sea, and the wife of Poseidon. She was a daughter of Nereus and Doris (or Oceanus and Tethys).Roman, L., & Ro ...
'' sinks off
Boulogne-sur-Mer
Boulogne-sur-Mer (; pcd, Boulonne-su-Mér; nl, Bonen; la, Gesoriacum or ''Bononia''), often called just Boulogne (, ), is a coastal city in Northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department of Pas-de-Calais. Boulogne lies on the C ...
while undertaking the
penal transportation of 108 British female convicts and 12 children from
Woolwich
Woolwich () is a district in southeast London, England, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich.
The district's location on the River Thames led to its status as an important naval, military and industrial area; a role that was maintained thr ...
to
New South Wales
)
, nickname =
, image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates:
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, es ...
with the loss of 133 lives; only 3 crew survive.
*
September 2
Events
Pre-1600
* 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of the ...
–
Oberlin College is founded in
Oberlin, Ohio
Oberlin is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, 31 miles southwest of Cleveland. Oberlin is the home of Oberlin College, a liberal arts college and music conservatory with approximately 3,000 students.
The town is the birthplace of th ...
.
*
September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– An
8.0 earthquake shakes the Chinese province of
Yunnan
Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the C ...
destroying buildings, homes and temples killing 6,000 people.
*
September 29
Events Pre-1600
*61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
* 1011 – Danes capture Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah, ...
– Three-year-old
Isabella II
Isabella II ( es, Isabel II; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904), was Queen of Spain from 29 September 1833 until 30 September 1868.
Shortly before her birth, the King Ferdinand VII of Spain issued a Pragmatic Sanction to ensure the successi ...
becomes Queen of Spain, under the regency of her mother,
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies ( it, Maria Cristina Ferdinanda di Borbone, Principessa delle Due Sicilie, es, link=no, María Cristina de Borbón, Princesa de las Dos Sicilias; 27 April 1806 – 22 August 1878) was Queen of Spain from 182 ...
. Her uncle
Don Carlos, Conde de Molina challenges her claim, beginning the
First Carlist War
The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1840, the first of three Carlist Wars. It was fought between two factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Spanish monarchy: the conservative and devolutionist ...
.
October–December
*
October 20
Events Pre-1600
*1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent.
* 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
–
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, writes his oft-quoted poem,
''Ulysses''.
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
–
13 – A very spectacular occurrence of the
Leonid meteor shower
The Leonids ( ) are a prolific meteor shower associated with the comet Tempel–Tuttle, which are also known for their spectacular meteor storms that occur about every 33 years. The Leonids get their name from the location of their radiant ...
is observed
all over North America, and is the inspiration for the song "
Stars Fell on Alabama".
*
November 25
Events Pre-1600
*571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans.
*1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...
– A major 8.7
earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, fr ...
strikes
Sumatra.
*
December
December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is also the last of seven months to have a length of 31 days.
December got its name from the Latin word ''decem'' (meaning ten) because it was or ...
– The
American Anti-Slavery Society is founded.
*
December 14
Events Pre-1600
* 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia.
* 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...
–
Kaspar Hauser
Kaspar Hauser (30 April 1812 – 17 December 1833) was a German youth who claimed to have grown up in the total isolation of a darkened cell. Hauser's claims, and his subsequent death from a stab wound to his left breast, sparked much debate an ...
, a mysterious German youth, is stabbed, dying three days later on December 17.
* December 18 – The national anthem of the Russian Empire, ''God Save the Tsar!'', is first performed.
Date unknown
* The dawn of biochemistry: The first enzyme, diastase, is discovered by Anselme Payen.
* Greece recaptures the Acropolis of Athens.
* H.R.H. Prince Mongkut of Thailand, Siam founds the Dhammayuttika Nikaya, Dhammayut Buddhist reform movement.
* United States, American healthcare brand McKesson Corporation established as a partnership.
* Foundation of:
** Kalamazoo College in Kalamazoo, Michigan.
** Madras College in St Andrews, Scotland.
Births
January–June
![JohannesBrahms](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/JohannesBrahms.jpg)
* January 1 – Robert Lawson (architect), Robert Lawson, New Zealand architect (d. 1902)
* January 5 – Eugene W. Hilgard, German-American "Father of soil science" (d. 1916)
* January 7 – Henry Roscoe (chemist), Sir Henry Roscoe, English chemist (d. 1915)
* January 18 – Joseph S. Skerrett, American admiral (d. 1897)
* January 28 – Charles George Gordon, British army officer, administrator (d. 1885)
* February 3 – Abu Bakar of Johor, Malaysian sultan (d. 1895)
*
February 6 – J. E. B. Stuart, American Confederate general (d. 1864)
* February 11 – Melville Fuller, 8th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (d. 1910)
* February 19 – Élie Ducommun, Swiss journalist, activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1906)
* February 25 – John St. John (American politician), John St. John, American temperance movement leader (d. 1916)
* February 28 – Alfred von Schlieffen, German field marshal (d. 1913)
* March 10 – Dimitrie Sturdza, 4-time prime minister of Romania (d. 1914)
* March 14 – Lucy Hobbs Taylor, American dentist (d. 1910)
* March 15 – Géza Fejérváry, 16th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1914)
* March 20 – Daniel Dunglas Home, Scottish medium (d. 1886)
* March 22 – Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1895)
* April 6 – Luis Cordero Crespo, 14th President of Ecuador (d. 1912)
* April 11 – Fredrik von Otter, 8th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1910)
* May 5 – Lazarus Fuchs, German mathematician (d. 1902)
* May 7 – Johannes Brahms, German composer (d. 1897)
* May 9 – Hermann von Spaun, Austro-Hungarian admiral (d. 1919)
* May 26 – Edward William Godwin, English architect (d. 1886)
* June 1 – John Marshall Harlan, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1911)
* June 4 – Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley, British field marshal (d. 1913)
* June 24
** Gustaf Åkerhielm, 6th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1900)
** Alfred William Bennett, English botanist (d. 1902)
July–December
![Stauffer - Adelheid von Anhalt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Stauffer_-_Adelheid_von_Anhalt.jpg)
*
July 14
Events Pre-1600
* 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.
* 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
* 142 ...
– Alfred Biliotti, Italian Levantine British consular officer and archaeologist (d. 1915)
* July 26 – Gheorghe Manu, 17th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1911)
* July 27 – Thomas George Bonney, English geologist (d. 1923)
* August 3 – Auguste Schmidt, German educator, women's rights activist (d. 1902)
* August 9 – Emily Pepys, English child diarist (d. 1877)
* August 16 – Eliza Ann Otis, American poet, newspaper publisher and philanthropist (d. 1904)
*
August 20
Events Pre-1600
* AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile.
* 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take con ...
–
Benjamin Harrison
Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833March 13, 1901) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893. He was a member of the Harrison family of Virginia–a grandson of the ninth pr ...
, 23rd President of the United States (d. 1901)
*
September 2
Events
Pre-1600
* 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of the ...
– Henry Hotze, Swiss American Confederate propagandist (d. 1887)
* September 20 – Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Italian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1918)
* September 22 – Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino, twice Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1913)
* October 2 – William Corby, American Catholic priest (d. 1897)
*
October 20
Events Pre-1600
*1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent.
* 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
– Mary F. Eastman, American educator, lecturer, writer and suffragist (d. 1908)
* October 21 – Alfred Nobel, Swedish inventor of dynamite, creator of the Nobel Prize (d. 1896)
* October 23 – Antonio Flores Jijón, 13th President of Ecuador (d. 1915)
* November 6 – Jonas Lie (writer), Jonas Lie, Norwegian author (d. 1908)
* November 9 – Émile Gaboriau, French writer (d. 1873)
*
November 12
Events Pre-1600
* 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom.
*1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros.
* 13 ...
– Alexander Borodin, Russian composer (d. 1887)
* November 13 – Edwin Booth, American tragedian (d. 1893)
* November 14 – Hugh Henry Gough, Sir Hugh Gough, British general, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1909)
* November 19 – Eliza Lynch, First Lady of Paraguay (d. 1886)
* November 27 – Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge (d. 1897)
* November 30 – Frederick Richards British admiral (d. 1912)
* December 7 – Rodrigo Augusto da Silva, Brazilian Senator, author of the Golden Law (d. 1889)
* December 13 – Petre S. Aurelian, 19th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1909)
* December 20 – Samuel Mudd, American doctor to John Wilkes Booth (d. 1883)
* December 25 – Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau (d. 1916)
Date unknown
* Margaret Fox, American medium (d. 1893)
* Fu Shanxiang, Chinese scholar, Chancellor (d. 1864)
Deaths
January–June
![Trevithick Richard Linnell](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Trevithick_Richard_Linnell.jpg)
* January 10 – Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (b. 1752)
* January 16 –Nannette Streicher, German piano maker, composer, music educator, and writer (b. 1769)
* January 16 – Banastre Tarleton, British general, politician (b. 1754)
* January 23 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, British admiral (b. 1757)
* March 13 – William Bradley (Royal Navy officer), William Bradley, British naval officer, cartographer (b. 1757)
* April 6 – Adamantios Korais, Greek scholar (b. 1748)
* April 7
** Antoni Radziwiłł, Polish politician (b. 1775)
** Jacques Réattu, French artist (b. 1760)
* April 22 – Richard Trevithick, English inventor (b. 1771)
* May 5 – Sophia Campbell, Australian artist (b. 1777)
* May 15 – Edmund Kean, British actor (b. 1787)
* May 23 – Francesca Anna Canfield, American linguist, poet, and translator (b. 1803)
* June 1 – Oliver Wolcott Jr., American lawyer, politician, 2nd United States Secretary of the Treasury, 24th Governor of Connecticut (b. 1760)
* June 2 – Simon Byrne, Irish prizefighter (b. 1806)
July–December
![Joseph Nicéphore Niépce](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Joseph_Nic%C3%A9phore_Ni%C3%A9pce.jpg)
* July 2 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentine leader (b. 1757)
*
July 5
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.
* 1316 – The Burgundian a ...
– Nicéphore Niépce, French photography pioneer (b. 1765)
* July 11 – Yagan, Noongar indigenous Australian warrior (killed) (b. c. 1795)
* July 12 – Samuel Sterett, American politician (b. 1758)
* July 19 – George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland, British landowner (b. 1758)
*
July 20
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
* 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
– Ninian Edwards, American politician, Governor of and Senator from Illinois (b. 1775)
* July 22 – Joseph Forlenze, Italian ophthalmologist (b. 1757)
* July 23 – Anselmo de la Cruz, Chilean political figure (b. 1777)
* July 26 – Thomas Knapton, English mariner, executed (b. c. 1816)
* July 29 – William Wilberforce, English politician, abolitionist (b. 1759)
* August 9 – Godfrey Higgins, English archaeologist (b. 1772)
* August 14 – Placidus a Spescha, Swiss mountain climber (b. 1752)
* September 7 – Hannah More, English religious writer, Romantic, and philanthropist (b. 1745)
* September 15 – Arthur Hallam, English poet (b. 1811)
* September 27 – Ram Mohan Roy, Hindu reformer (b. 1772)
*
September 29
Events Pre-1600
*61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
* 1011 – Danes capture Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah, ...
– King Ferdinand VII of Spain (b. 1784)
* October 3 – François, marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat, French general (b. 1754)
* October 4 – Maria Jane Jewsbury, English poet and literary reviewer (b. 1800)
* October 16
** Andrey Bolotov, Russian agriculturalist and memoirist (b. 1738)
** Meno Haas, German-born copperplate engraver (b. 1752)
* November 16 – John McMillan (missionary), John McMillan, Presbyterian minister, missionary in Pennsylvania (b. 1752)
* November 23 – Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, French marshal (b. 1762)
* December 17 –
Kaspar Hauser
Kaspar Hauser (30 April 1812 – 17 December 1833) was a German youth who claimed to have grown up in the total isolation of a darkened cell. Hauser's claims, and his subsequent death from a stab wound to his left breast, sparked much debate an ...
, German youth of uncertain origin (stabbed) (b. 1812?)
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:1833
1833,