1820 Atlantic hurricane season

1) The Winyaw Hurricane of 1820 A minimal hurricane moved from

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

on September 8 northward to hit near the border of

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...

and

South Carolina )''Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...

on September 10. It caused only minor damage. Part of cluster of hurricanes struck Charleston area in 1804, 1811, 1813, 1820, and 1822. 2) A hurricane was sighted at

Dominica Dominica ( or ; Kalinago: ; french: Dominique; Dominican Creole French: ), officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island country in the Caribbean. The capital, Roseau, is located on the western side of the island. It is geographically ...

on September 26 before moving west-northwest through

Hispaniola Hispaniola (, also ; es, La Española; Latin and french: Hispaniola; ht, Ispayola; tnq, Ayiti or Quisqueya) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles. Hispaniola is the most populous island in the West Indies, and th ...

, then across the southwest Atlantic to

on October 1.Michael Chenoweth
A Reassessment of Historical Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity: 1700–1855.
Retrieved on 2007-02-18.

1821 Atlantic hurricane season

1) A tropical storm moved westward across the Caribbean, from Guadeloupe on September 1 to western

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

on September 9. 2) The Norfolk and Long Island Hurricane of 1821 The

Norfolk Norfolk () is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in East Anglia in England. It borders Lincolnshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west, and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the No ...

and

Long Island Long Island is a densely populated island in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of New York (state), New York, part of the New York metropolitan area. With over 8 million people, Long Island is the most populous island in the United Sta ...

Hurricane was a deadly hurricane that rapidly moved up the Atlantic coast during the first few days of September. It included a hurricane landfall within the modern borders of

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...

, the only recorded case of a hurricane eyewall moving directly over New York City to date. It caused 200 deaths, and is estimated to have been a Category 4 hurricane.Greatest and Deadliest Hurricanes of the Caribbean and the Americas, Neely 2017, pg 221 3) The Middle Gulf Hurricane of 1821 Later in September, from the 15th–17th, a strong hurricane hit

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

. This was a very large storm, bringing storm surge flooding from

Mobile Mobile may refer to: Places * Mobile, Alabama, a U.S. port city * Mobile County, Alabama * Mobile, Arizona, a small town near Phoenix, U.S. * Mobile, Newfoundland and Labrador Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Mobile ( ...

to what is now Wakulla and Taylor Counties,

. 11 of the 13 vessels in the harbor at

Pensacola Bay Pensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacol ...

were lost, causing 35 deaths. It was from the 1821 Norfolk and Long Island hurricane that William C. Redfield published his account in the ''American Journal of Science'' presenting his first evidence that hurricanes had counter-clockwise rotation of destructive winds from area tree fall patterns he examined. This also corroborated

John Farrar John Clifford Farrar ( ; born 8 November 1946) is an Australian music producer, songwriter, arranger, singer, and guitarist. As a musician, Farrar is a former member of several rock and roll groups including The Mustangs (1963–64), The Stra ...

's published work a few years earlier in 1819 that a hurricane was a rotating counter-clockwise vortex. Redfield suggested that hurricanes form east of the Leeward Islands and then travel westwards at a moderate speed. William Reid of the Royal Engineers built off of Redfield's work by studying logs of ships affected by the

Great Hurricane of 1780 The Great Hurricane of 1780 was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. An estimated 22,000 people died throughout the Lesser Antilles when the storm passed through the islands from October 10 to October 16. Specifics on the hurricane's tr ...

1822 Atlantic hurricane season

1) The Early Tropical Storm of 1822 A hurricane struck the central Gulf coast between July 7 and July 9. 2) The Carolina Hurricane of 1822 This hurricane moved north-northwest from the

Bahamas The Bahamas (), officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the West Indies in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic. It takes up 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago's land area and is home to ...

on September 25 to hit

Charleston, South Carolina Charleston is the largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston metropolitan area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint o ...

, on September 27. It claimed the lives of hundreds of slaves who found themselves trapped in the low-lying Santee Delta, miles from higher ground and with no shelter. It caused 300 (or more deaths), but managed to break a drought in the Richmond area. Part of cluster of hurricanes struck Charleston area in 1804, 1811, 1813, 1820, and 1822. Fifteen members of the Myers family drowned after their Georgetown home was swept into the ocean. The family's sole survivor,

Mordecai Myers Mordecai Myers (November 9, 1794 – February 21, 1865) was an American politician and landowner in Savannah, Georgia, in the 19th century. Life and career Named for his paternal grandfather, Myers was born in South Carolina to physician Dr. Le ...

, buried the victims, which included his parents. 3) From October 20 to the 22, a hurricane hit

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...

, causing heavy damage and winds in the

Richmond Richmond most often refers to: * Richmond, Virginia, the capital of Virginia, United States * Richmond, London, a part of London * Richmond, North Yorkshire, a town in England * Richmond, British Columbia, a city in Canada * Richmond, California, ...

area. 4) A hurricane struck the

River Mersey The River Mersey () is in North West England. Its name derives from Old English and means "boundary river", possibly referring to its having been a border between the ancient kingdoms of Mercia and Northumbria. For centuries it has formed part ...

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

on December 56, as evidenced by the gravestone of Nelson Burt (nine-year-old son of

Albin R. Burt Albin Roberts Burt (1 December 178316 March 1842) was an English engraver and portrait-painter. Life Burt began his career as an engraver, having been a pupil of Robert Thew and Benjamin Smith but, finding himself unable to excel in this field ...

) in the churchyard of

St Lawrence's Church, Stoak St Lawrence's Church is in the village of Stoak, Cheshire, England, (which lies between the intersection of the M56 and M53 motorways and the Shropshire Union Canal). The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designa ...

. 5) A rare December hurricane moved through the eastern

Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; pap, Laman Karibe) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico ...

and eventually into

Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...

between December 13 and December 22.

1823 Atlantic hurricane season

1) A tropical storm moved from Curaçao on July 8 to near

Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...

on July 10. 2) A tropical storm moved south of

on August 2 and August 3. 3) A hurricane which formed in the west-central

Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico ( es, Golfo de México) is an oceanic basin, ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of ...

on September 11 moved slowly northeast, striking the central Gulf coast on September 14.

1824 Atlantic hurricane season

1) The Georgia Coastal Hurricane of 1824 or Hurricane San Pedro of 1824. A severe hurricane was sighted at Guadeloupe on September 7 and moved across the northeast

Lesser Antilles The Lesser Antilles ( es, link=no, Antillas Menores; french: link=no, Petites Antilles; pap, Antias Menor; nl, Kleine Antillen) are a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. Most of them are part of a long, partially volcanic island arc betwe ...

. It passed very near south coast of Puerto Rico on September 9 and the southwest

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...

to hit

on September 13, passing inland near

Cape Florida Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Recreation Area occupies approximately the southern third of the island of Key Biscayne, at coordinates . This park includes the Cape Florida Light, the oldest standing structure in Greater Miami. In 2005, it was ra ...

and returning to sea near

Cape Canaveral , image = cape canaveral.jpg , image_size = 300 , caption = View of Cape Canaveral from space in 1991 , map = Florida#USA , map_width = 300 , type =Cape , map_caption = Location in Florida , location ...

. A ship carrying the contractor and supplies for building three lighthouses in Florida was lost, possibly sunk by this storm. The storm then went ashore in

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

and

on September 14, causing 100 deaths. It washed out all bridges between Darien and

Savannah A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the Canopy (forest), canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to rea ...

. Moving northward, it hit Savannah and

before going out to sea. Because hurricanes were somewhat frequent, residents were used to evacuating the area. Those who did not evacuate saw the destruction caused by this strong hurricane. This is likely one of the strongest hurricanes to hit Georgia in its history. 2) Between September 26 and September 27, a tropical storm moved south of

1825 Atlantic hurricane season

1) Charleston Hurricane of 1825. A tropical storm formed south of

Santo Domingo , total_type = Total , population_density_km2 = auto , timezone = AST (UTC −4) , area_code_type = Area codes , area_code = 809, 829, 849 , postal_code_type = Postal codes , postal_code = 10100–10699 (Distrito Nacional) , websi ...

on May 28. It moved across

on the 1st, and while moving across

it caused heavy winds. When it reached the western Atlantic it rapidly strengthened, hitting Charleston as a hurricane, but it lost strength over the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. 2) On July 6, a moderate hurricane hit

Puerto Rico Puerto Rico (; abbreviated PR; tnq, Boriken, ''Borinquen''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( es, link=yes, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit=Free Associated State of Puerto Rico), is a Caribbean island and Unincorporated ...

, destroying 6 villages. 3) Hurricane Santa Ana of 1825. Two weeks later, on July 26, a powerful hurricane hit near

Guadeloupe Guadeloupe (; ; gcf, label=Antillean Creole, Gwadloup, ) is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the ...

. It continued west-northwestward to hit

, causing 1,300 deaths, before tracking to the west of

Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = " Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , e ...

by August 2. The Santa Ana hurricane may have been one of the most intense cyclones to strike Puerto Rico in the last few hundred years. No atmospheric pressure readings are available from Puerto Rico, however, a minimum pressure of in Guadeloupe indicates that the storm was potentially a Category 5 strength hurricane (there are no officially observed Category 5 hurricanes before 1924). See

List of deadliest Atlantic hurricanes This is a list of the deadliest tropical cyclones, including all known storms that caused at least 1,000 direct deaths. There were at least 74 tropical cyclones in the 20th century with a death toll of 1,000 or more, including the deadliest ...

. 4) A hurricane struck

Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...

on September 28 and moved northwestward into northeast

by October 3. 5) On November 17–18, the schooner ''Harvest'' was wrecked on the North Carolina coast, probably near

Nags Head Nag's Head or Nags Head may refer to: ;In London * Nag's Head, London, a locality in Holloway ** Nag's Head Market, a street market * Nag's Head, Covent Garden, a pub ;Elsewhere in the United Kingdom * Nag's Head Island, Abingdon-on-Thames * ...

, and five or more persons killed in what may have been a late season hurricane.

1826 Atlantic hurricane season

1) A hurricane hit the Cayman Islands and western

on August 27, causing 33 deaths. 2) A tropical storm spotted near

on August 31 moved west-northwest to

before moving northward to the

Grand Banks The Grand Banks of Newfoundland are a series of underwater plateaus south-east of the island of Newfoundland on the North American continental shelf. The Grand Banks are one of the world's richest fishing grounds, supporting Atlantic cod, swordf ...

by September 10. 3) Heavy cyclone devastated la Orotava valley, Tenerife, Canary Islands in November. About 500 – 1000 victims.

1827 Atlantic hurricane season

1) Tropical Storm San Jacinto of 1827 A hurricane struck

Antigua Antigua ( ), also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the native population, is an island in the Lesser Antilles. It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the main island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda. Antigua and Bar ...

and Puerto Rico on August 17, and moved westward to

before continuing westward to Vera Cruz,

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

. 2) The Great North Carolina Hurricane of 1827 A hurricane formed over the

Windward Islands french: Îles du Vent , image_name = , image_caption = ''Political'' Windward Islands. Clockwise: Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Grenada. , image_alt = , locator_map = , location = Caribbean SeaNorth ...

on August 18. It moved northwest through the Bahamas on the 21st, and hit

Cape Hatteras Cape Hatteras is a cape located at a pronounced bend in Hatteras Island, one of the barrier islands of North Carolina. Long stretches of beach, sand dunes, marshes, and maritime forests create a unique environment where wind and waves shape ...

on August 24. It moved up the

Chesapeake Bay The Chesapeake Bay ( ) is the largest estuary in the United States. The Bay is located in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region and is primarily separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Delmarva Peninsula (including the parts: the ...

, causing higher than normal tides, and eventually through

New England New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces ...

by August 27. This is known as the

St. Kitts Saint Kitts, officially the Saint Christopher Island, is an island in the West Indies. The west side of the island borders the Caribbean Sea, and the eastern coast faces the Atlantic Ocean. Saint Kitts and the neighbouring island of Nevis cons ...

Hurricane. 3) A hurricane struck

Belize City Belize City is the largest city in Belize and was once the capital of the former British Honduras. According to the 2010 census, Belize City has a population of 57,169 people in 16,162 households. It is at the mouth of the Haulover Creek, wh ...

on August 19, 1827, and “drove all ships on shore at Belize.” It has been identified as ‘Event 5’ in Belizean sedimentary records by McCloskey and Keller. 4) A tropical storm moved through the southwest Atlantic between the

West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greater A ...

and

from August 29 to September 8.

1828 Atlantic hurricane season

1) A hurricane moved from the northern

on September 15 northward by

on September 19, where it caused a "severe gale" and sank 3 ships, before moving into the north

shipping lanes.

1829 Atlantic hurricane season

1) A tropical storm moved through the Gulf of Mexico between July 9 and July 13. 2) A strong tropical storm moved through

and the

Outer Banks The Outer Banks (frequently abbreviated OBX) are a string of barrier islands and spits off the coast of North Carolina and southeastern Virginia, on the east coast of the United States. They line most of the North Carolina coastline, separating ...

before moving northwest of

during the last week of August. 3) On September 10, a hurricane hit the mouth of the

Rio Grande The Rio Grande ( and ), known in Mexico as the Río Bravo del Norte or simply the Río Bravo, is one of the principal rivers (along with the Colorado River) in the southwestern United States and in northern Mexico. The length of the Rio G ...

Port Isabel Port Isabel may refer to: Places *Port Isabel, Texas, USA; a city in Cameron County *Port Isabel, Sonora, Mexico; a former port (1864-1879) at the mouth of the Colorado River * Port Isabel Independent School District, Cameron County, Texas, USA *Po ...

and

Brazos Santiago Brazos Island, also known as Brazos Santiago Island, is a barrier island on the Gulf Coast of Texas in the United States, south of the town of South Padre Island. The island is located in Cameron County. Brazos Santiago Pass partitions the bar ...

saw great destruction, while other towns had higher than normal tides. 4) A hurricane hit

Saint Bartholomew Bartholomew (Aramaic: ; grc, Βαρθολομαῖος, translit=Bartholomaîos; la, Bartholomaeus; arm, Բարթողիմէոս; cop, ⲃⲁⲣⲑⲟⲗⲟⲙⲉⲟⲥ; he, בר-תולמי, translit=bar-Tôlmay; ar, بَرثُولَماو� ...

on October 26, possibly sinking one ship.

References

World Wide Web

Books

Terry Tucker. Beware the Hurricane! The Story of the Gyratory Tropical Storms That Have Struck Bermuda. Bermuda: Hamilton Press, 1966, p. 87–89.

External links

*https://web.archive.org/web/20051225012719/http://www.wavy.com/Global/story.asp?S=90814 *https://web.archive.org/web/20051124024153/http://www.lbi.net/rlw/hurrican.asp *http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pastdeadlyapp1.shtml *http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/roth/vaerly19hur.htm *http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/txhur.pdf *http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/lahur.pdf *http://www.candoo.com/genresources/hurricane.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:1820-1829 Atlantic Hurricane Seasons 1820s