There is a drastic decline in the number of ships visiting New Zealand from the previous year. An economic depression starts in New South Wales as a result of the escalation of war in Europe and the consequent reduction in the number of convicts being transported.Salmond, Anne. ''Between Worlds''. 1997. Penguin Books (NZ) Ltd. . In March news of the Boyd massacre reaches Port Jackson and a punitive expedition is sent to New Zealand and bombards the village of the incorrectly blamed chief, Te Pahi. After this the few whaling ships (possibly only 5) that later head for New Zealand usually prefer to avoid landing, especially in the Bay of Islands. Sealing in Foveaux Strait declines as the rookeries are exhausted. With the discovery of Campbell Island at the beginning of the year, and Macquarie Island in the middle of the year, by the same sealing ship, sealers transfer their attention there. If they stop off in New Zealand it is usually in Foveaux Strait.

Incumbents

Regal and viceregal

* Head of State – King George III. *

Governor of New South Wales The governor of New South Wales is the viceregal representative of the Australian monarch, King Charles III, in the state of New South Wales. In an analogous way to the governor-general of Australia at the national level, the governors of the ...

–

Lachlan Macquarie Major-general (United Kingdom), Major General Lachlan Macquarie, Companion of the Order of the Bath, CB (; gd, Lachann MacGuaire; 31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator from Scotland. Macquarie se ...

, having arrived 4 days earlier, is sworn in on New Year's Day.Dictionary of Australian Biography: Lachlan Macquarie
/ref>

Events

*1 January –

is sworn in as

. *2 January – (first ship of the name),

Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...

John Bader, arrives at

Open Bay Islands The Open Bay Islands are located in South Westland, off the south-west coast of the South Island of New Zealand. They consist of two main islands, Taumaka and Popotai, plus several smaller islets and rocks. They lie approximately offshore from ...

off the south

West Coast West Coast or west coast may refer to: Geography Australia * Western Australia *Regions of South Australia#Weather forecasting, West Coast of South Australia * West Coast, Tasmania **West Coast Range, mountain range in the region Canada * Britis ...

. *4 January – The sealing ship ''Perseverance'', Captain Hasselberg, discovers Campbell Island. *6 January – Boyd massacre: Captain Berry, of the ''City of Edinburgh'', drafts a letter to Governor Macquaruie, which blames the Boyd massacre on chief Te Pahi. He leaves this letter, and copies of a notice warning visiting ships of what has happened, with chief Tara. The ''City of Edinburgh'' then leaves for Valparaiso with the 4 survivors of the ''Boyd''. *10 January – The sealer ''Sydney Cove'', Captain Charles McLaren, lands a sealing gang on

Stewart Island Stewart Island ( mi, Rakiura, ' glowing skies', officially Stewart Island / Rakiura) is New Zealand's third-largest island, located south of the South Island, across the Foveaux Strait. It is a roughly triangular island with a total land ar ...

. *Late January – The ''Cumberland'', Captain William Swain, visits the Bay of Islands and is given a copy of Captain Berry's notice. *Mid February – The ''Ann'', and the ''Albion'', Captain Cuthbert Richardson, visit the Bay of Islands and are shown Captain Berry's notice. *16 February – ''Active'' leaves a sealing gang on one of the Open Bay Islands and sets sail for Sydney. The ship is never seen again. The sealing gang is not rescued until

1813 Events January–March * January 18–January 23 – War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance. * January 24 – T ...

. *18 February – The ''Ann'' and ''Albion'' leave the Bay of Islands. *19 February – The ''Ann'' and ''Albion'' meet the ''King George'', Captain Samuel Chace and inform Captain Chace of the burning of the Boyd. *28 February – The convict ship ''Ann'' (second ship of the name), Captain Charles Clarke, arrives in Port Jackson with Samuel Marsden, William Hall, John King, and Ruatara. Ruatara stays with Marsden twice over the next 18 months, his attempt to reach New Zealand having failed. The news of the Boyd massacre delays Marsden's plans for a mission in New Zealand until 1814.New Zealand Encyclopaedia 1966: Ruatara Biography
/ref>Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Ruatara
/ref>Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Samuel Marsden
/ref>New Zealand Encyclopaedia 1966: Samuel Marsden Biography
/ref> *2 March – The ''Brothers'' leaves Port Jackson for Open Bay. *9 March – The ''King George'' arrives in Port Jackson and is the first to report the loss of the Boyd. *17 March – The ''Experiment'', Captain Joseph Dodds, leaves Port Jackson taking a party headed by William Leith to set up a flax-collecting settlement in the

North Island The North Island, also officially named Te Ika-a-Māui, is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the larger but much less populous South Island by the Cook Strait. The island's area is , making it the world's 14th-largest ...

. Also on board is

Lieutenant-Governor A lieutenant governor, lieutenant-governor, or vice governor is a high officer of state, whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction. Often a lieutenant governor is the deputy, or lieutenant, to or ranked under a governor — a "second-in-comm ...

Joseph Foveaux. *26 March – Five ships, having heard the story of the ''Boyd'' from a local woman, attack Te Pahi's pa pn

Rangihoua Bay Rangihoua Bay is a bay at the southern end of the Purerua Peninsula, on the north-west shore of the Bay of Islands in Northland Region, Northland, New Zealand.Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p.367. It is 10 km north across the Bay ...

. About 60 Māori are killed and Te Pahi is wounded (he dies a few weeks later). The ships involved are the ''Speke'' (John Hingston), ''Inspector'' (John Walker), ''Diana'' (William Parker), ''Atalanta'' (John Morris) and ''Perseveance'' (Frederick Hasselberg). Later the same day, after the attack, the ''Spring Grove'' and ''New Zealander'' arrive.

Phillip Tapsell Phillip Tapsell, born Hans Homan Jensen Falk (1777/1791? – 6 or 7 August 1873) was a Danish mariner, whaler, and trader who settled in New Zealand. Tapsell first arrived in New Zealand at the Bay of Islands on the ''New Zealander'' on 26 March 1 ...

is among the crew on the latter.Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Te Pahi
/ref> *27 March – The ''Governor Bligh'', Captain Chace, leaves Port Jackson with supplies for the ''Experiment''. When it is discovered that the Leith party has already returned to Port Jackson Captain Chace decides to return via Foveaux Strait, where it collects (around June) the sealing gang left by the ''Fox'' in October

1809 Events January–March * January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded. * January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...

. *3 May – The ''Brothers'' collects two men it had dropped in 1809 on islands on what is now the Dunedin coast at Port Daniel ( Otago Harbour), including William Tucker. Tucker is sent to look for other sealers from the ''Brothers'' at

. It is probably at this time, on the shores of Foveaux Strait, that he steals the Māori preserved head that he later sells in

Sydney Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...

, thus inaugurating the retail trade of such items. *11 July – The ''Perseverance'' discovers Macquarie Island. *15 August – The ''Unity'' returns to Port Jackson from the south coast of New Zealand and describes the local Māori there as "particularly friendly". *November/December – The ''Sydney Cove'',

Charles McLaren, anchors in Otago Harbour. The theft of a red shirt and other articles by local chief Te Wahia sparks what becomes known as The

Sealers' War The Sealers' War (1810–1821) in southern New Zealand (then part of the Colony of New South Wales), also known as the "War of the Shirt", was a series of often indiscriminate attacks and reprisals between Māori and European sealers. Initially ...

or The War of the Shirt, which lasts until

1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...

. One of her sealers kills Te Wahia which incenses Māori. The ''Sydney Cove'' flees south and one of her crew, James Caddell, is captured by Māori at the Clutha mouth. ;Undated * Te Rauparaha begins a five-year stay with Ngāti Maru in the Hauraki Gulf. His intentions may have been to form alliances to attack his enemies in the Waikato and/or to find somewhere to resettle Ngāti Toa should Kawhia become too unsafe.Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Te Rauparaha
/ref>

Births

* 24 February: (in England):

William Mason William, Willie, or Willy Mason may refer to: Arts and entertainment *William Mason (poet) (1724–1797), English poet, editor and gardener *William Mason (architect) (1810–1897), New Zealand architect *William Mason (composer) (1829–1908), Ame ...

, architect.John Stacpoole, "William Mason: The First New Zealand Architect", Auckland University Press, Oxford University Press, Auckland, 1971 * 3 July (in England): Hugh Carleton, politician. * 4 August: John Richardson, politician. * 15 August (in England):

William Fitzherbert William Fitzherbert may refer to: *Saint William of York, Archbishop of York *William Fitzherbert (New Zealand politician) (1810–1891), New Zealand politician * Sir William FitzHerbert, 1st Baronet (1748–1791), of Derbyshire *William Fitzherb ...

, politician. ;Undated * (in England):

George Arney Sir George Alfred Arney (1810 – 7 April 1883) was the second Chief Justice of New Zealand. Early life Arney was born in 1810 in Salisbury, England. His parents were William Arney, a barrister, and Maria Charlotte Arney. He was educated at Win ...

, Chief Justice. * Thomas Beckham, politician * (in England): Thomas Henderson, politician. * (in Ireland):

Alfred Ludlam Alfred Ludlam (1810 – 8 November 1877) was a leading New Zealand politician, horticulturist and farmer who owned land at Wellington and in the Hutt Valley. A member of three of New Zealand's four earliest parliaments, he was also a philanthrop ...

, politician. * (in England): William Wells, politician.

Deaths

* Te Pahi – Ngāpuhi leader

References