The 180 nm process refers to the level of MOSFET ( CMOS)

semiconductor process technology Semiconductor device fabrication is the process used to manufacture semiconductor devices, typically integrated circuit (IC) chips such as modern computer processors, microcontrollers, and memory chips such as NAND flash and DRAM that are pr ...

that was commercialized around the 1998–2000 timeframe by leading semiconductor companies, starting with

TSMC Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC; also called Taiwan Semiconductor) is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the world's most valuable semiconductor company, the world' ...

and Fujitsu, then followed by

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Toshiba , commonly known as Toshiba and stylized as TOSHIBA, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Its diversified products and services include power, industrial and social infrastructure systems, ...

Intel Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It is the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue, and is one of the developers of the x86 seri ...

AMD Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets. While it initially manufactur ...

Texas Instruments Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) is an American technology company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globa ...

and IBM. The origin of the 180 nm value is historical, as it reflects a trend of 70% scaling every 2–3 years. The naming is formally determined by the

International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) is a set of documents produced by a group of semiconductor industry experts. These experts are representative of the sponsoring organisations which include the Semiconductor Industry A ...

(ITRS). Some of the first CPUs manufactured with this process include

Coppermine family of

Pentium III The Pentium III (marketed as Intel Pentium III Processor, informally PIII or P3) brand refers to Intel's 32-bit x86 desktop and mobile CPUs based on the sixth-generation P6 microarchitecture introduced on February 28, 1999. The brand's initial ...

processors. This was the first technology using a gate length shorter than that of light used for contemporary

lithography Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ...

, which had a wavelength of 193 nm. Some more recent microprocessors and microcontrollers (e.g. PIC) are using this technology because it is typically low cost and does not require upgrading of existing equipment. In 2022,

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sponsored open-source hardware projects using GlobalFoundaries 180nm MCU (microcontroller) process on multi-project wafers.

History

In 1988, an IBM research team led by Iranian engineer

Bijan Davari Bijan Davari (born September 16, 1954) is an Iranian-American engineer. He is an IBM Fellow and Vice President at IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Hts, NY. His pioneering work in the miniaturization of semiconductor devices changed ...

fabricated a 180nm

dual-gate MOSFET A multigate device, multi-gate MOSFET or multi-gate field-effect transistor (MuGFET) refers to a metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) that has more than one gate on a single transistor. The multiple gates may be contro ...

using a CMOS process. The 180nm CMOS process was later commercialized by

in 1998, and then Fujitsu in 1999.65nm CMOS Process Technology
/ref>

Processors using 180 nm manufacturing technology

* Intel Coppermine E—October 1999 *

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Radeon R100 and RV100 Radeon 7000—2000 * Nintendo GameCube's

Gekko ''Gekko'' is a genus of Southeast Asian geckos, commonly known as true geckos or calling geckos, in the family Gekkonidae. Although species such as ''Gekko gecko'' (tokay gecko) are very widespread and common, some species in the same genus hav ...

CPU—2000 * Sony PlayStation 2's

Emotion Engine The Emotion Engine is a central processing unit developed and manufactured by Sony Computer Entertainment and Toshiba for use in the PlayStation 2 video game console. It was also used in early PlayStation 3 models sold in Japan and North Americ ...

and

Graphics Synthesizer The PlayStation 2 technical specifications describe the various components of the PlayStation 2 (PS2) video game console. Overview The sixth-generation hardware of the PlayStation 2 video game console consists of various components. At th ...

—March 2000 *

Athlon Thunderbird Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the fi ...

—June 2000 * AMD

Duron Duron is a line of budget x86-compatible microprocessors manufactured by AMD. Released on June 19, 2000 as a lower-cost offering to complement AMD's then mainstream performance Athlon processor line, it also competed with rival chipmaker Inte ...

Spitfire–June 2000 * AMD Duron Morgan–August 2001 * Intel Celeron (Willamette)—May 2002 * Motorola PowerPC 7445 and 7455 (Apollo 6)—January 2002

References

*00180 Taiwanese inventions {{nano-tech-stub