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January–March

*
January 9 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain. *1127 – Jin–Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the J ...
Philip Astley Philip Astley (8 January 1742 – 20 October 1814) was an English equestrian, circus owner, and inventor, regarded as being the " father of the modern circus". Modern circus, as an integrated entertainment experience that includes music, domes ...
stages the first modern
circus A circus is a company of performers who put on diverse entertainment shows that may include clowns, acrobats, trained animals, trapeze acts, musicians, dancers, hoopers, tightrope walkers, jugglers, magicians, ventriloquists, and unicyclist ...
, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
Samuel Adams Samuel Adams ( – October 2, 1803) was an American statesman, political philosopher, and a Founding Father of the United States. He was a politician in colonial Massachusetts, a leader of the movement that became the American Revolution, and ...
's circular letter is issued by the
Massachusetts House of Representatives The Massachusetts House of Representatives is the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court, the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is composed of 160 members elected from 14 counties each divided into single-member ...
, and sent to the other
Thirteen Colonies The Thirteen Colonies, also known as the Thirteen British Colonies, the Thirteen American Colonies, or later as the United Colonies, were a group of Kingdom of Great Britain, British Colony, colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America. Fo ...
. Refusal to revoke the letter will result in dissolution of the Massachusetts Assembly, and (from October) incur the institution of martial law to prevent civil unrest. *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...
– With Russian troops occupying the nation, opposition legislators of the national legislature having been deported, the government of Poland signs a treaty virtually turning the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of ...
into a
protectorate A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a State (polity), state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law. It is a dependent territory that enjoys autonomy over m ...
of the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
. *
February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– The first
Secretary of State for the Colonies The secretary of state for the colonies or colonial secretary was the Cabinet of the United Kingdom, British Cabinet government minister, minister in charge of managing the United Kingdom's various British Empire, colonial dependencies. Histor ...
is appointed in Britain, the
Earl of Hillsborough Earl () is a rank of the nobility in the United Kingdom. The title originates in the Old English word ''eorl'', meaning "a man of noble birth or rank". The word is cognate with the Scandinavian form ''jarl'', and meant "chieftain", particular ...
. *
February 29 February 29, also known as leap day or leap year day, is a date added to leap years. A leap day is added in various solar calendars (calendars based on the Earth's revolution around the Sun), including the Gregorian calendar standard in mos ...
– Five days after the signing of the treaty, a group of the
szlachta The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in the ...
, Polish nobles, establishes the
Bar Confederation The Bar Confederation ( pl, Konfederacja barska; 1768–1772) was an association of Polish nobles (szlachta) formed at the fortress of Bar in Podolia (now part of Ukraine) in 1768 to defend the internal and external independence of the Polish ...
, to defend the internal and external independence of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of ...
against Russian influence, and against King Stanisław II Augustus.Brian Davies, ''Empire and Military Revolution in Eastern Europe: Russia's Turkish Wars in the Eighteenth Century'' (A&C Black, 2011) *
March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor ...
– King
Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached ...
decrees that all cities and towns in the kingdom will be required to post house numbering on all residential buildings, primarily to facilitate the forced quartering of troops in citizens' homes. * March 17 **Britain's Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Sir William Johnson, concludes a peace agreement with the leaders of the Six Nations of the
Iroquois Confederacy The Iroquois ( or ), officially the Haudenosaunee ( meaning "people of the longhouse"), are an Iroquoian-speaking confederacy of First Nations peoples in northeast North America/ Turtle Island. They were known during the colonial years to ...
(the Mohawk,
Onondaga Onondaga may refer to: Native American/First Nations * Onondaga people, a Native American/First Nations people and one of the five founding nations of the Iroquois League * Onondaga (village), Onondaga settlement and traditional Iroquois capita ...
,
Oneida Oneida may refer to: Native American/First Nations * Oneida people, a Native American/First Nations people and one of the five founding nations of the Iroquois Confederacy * Oneida language * Oneida Indian Nation, based in New York * Oneida Na ...
,
Cayuga Cayuga often refers to: * Cayuga people, a native tribe to North America, part of the Iroquois Confederacy * Cayuga language, the language of the Cayuga Cayuga may also refer to: Places Canada * Cayuga, Ontario United States * Cayuga, Illinois ...
,
Seneca Seneca may refer to: People and language * Seneca (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname * Seneca people, one of the six Iroquois tribes of North America ** Seneca language, the language of the Seneca people Places Extrat ...
and
Tuscarora Tuscarora may refer to the following: First nations and Native American people and culture * Tuscarora people **''Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation'' (1960) * Tuscarora language, an Iroquoian language of the Tuscarora people * ...
tribal nations) of the northern American lands, and with Chiefs Oconostota and Attakullakulla of the
Cherokee The Cherokee (; chr, ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯᎢ, translit=Aniyvwiyaʔi or Anigiduwagi, or chr, ᏣᎳᎩ, links=no, translit=Tsalagi) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. Prior to the 18th century, t ...
nation in the southern American lands.Jace Weaver, ''The Red Atlantic: American Indigenes and the Making of the Modern World, 1000-1927'' (University of North Carolina Press Books, 2014) p164 **Prithvi Singh begins a reign of 10 years as the new Raja of
Jaipur Jaipur (; Hindi Language, Hindi: ''Jayapura''), formerly Jeypore, is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and largest city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Rajasthan. , the city had a pop ...
(part of the modern-day Indian state of
Rajasthan Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern si ...
), 12 days after the death of
Madho Singh Madho Singh (1 July 1929 – 2006) was an Indian wrestler. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics The 1960 Summer Olympics ( it, Giochi Olimpici estivi del 1960), officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad ( it, Giochi della XVII ...
. * March 27 – Catherine the Great of Russia dispatches troops under General
Pyotr Krechetnikov Piotr Nikititch Kretchetnikov (Russian: Петр Никитич Кречетников) (1727 – c. 1800) was a Russian major-general in command of the corps sent to intervene against the Bar Confederation. He was the elder brother of Mikhaïl ...
to intervene in a civil war in
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
, at the request of Poland's King Stanisław II Augustus, a move that will ultimately lead to the
Partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 12 ...
.


April–June

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
– The Cotopaxi volcano erupts in what is now
Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...
, at the time part of the Spanish
Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada The Viceroyalty of New Granada ( es, Virreinato de Nueva Granada, links=no ) also called Viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of Granada or Viceroyalty of Santafé was the name given on 27 May 1717, to the jurisdiction of the Spanish Empire in norther ...
, covering the towns of Hambato and Tacunga with ash, but not causing fatalities. *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– The
New York Chamber of Commerce The New York Chamber of Commerce was founded in 1768 by twenty New York City merchants. As the first such commercial organization in the United States, it attracted the participation of a number of New York's most influential business leaders, in ...
, first of its kind in the American colonies, is founded by 20 New York merchants at Bolton and Sigel's Tavern at 54 Pearl Street in New York City. Former New York City mayor
John Cruger Jr. John Cruger Jr. (July 18, 1710 – December 27, 1791) was the speaker of the Province of New York assembly and the 41st Mayor of New York City. He was born July 18, 1710, the son of John Cruger and Maria Cuyler. He was a New York City merchan ...
is elected the Chamber's first president.Gordon Carruth, ed., ''The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates'', 3rd Edition (Thomas Y. Crowell, 1962) pp76-79 *
May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. *1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...
Massacre of St George's Fields The Massacre of St George's Fields occurred on 10 May 1768 when government soldiers opened fire on demonstrators that had gathered at St George's Fields, Southwark, in south London. The protest was against the imprisonment of the radical Member ...
:
John Wilkes John Wilkes (17 October 1725 – 26 December 1797) was an English radical journalist and politician, as well as a magistrate, essayist and soldier. He was first elected a Member of Parliament in 1757. In the Middlesex election dispute, he fo ...
is imprisoned for writing an article for '' The North Briton'', severely criticizing
King George III of Great Britain George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...
. This action provokes protesters to riot; in the
Southwark Southwark ( ) is a district of Central London situated on the south bank of the River Thames, forming the north-western part of the wider modern London Borough of Southwark. The district, which is the oldest part of South London, developed ...
district of London, troops fire on the mob, killing seven. *
May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
– After the
Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles (french: Traité de Versailles; german: Versailler Vertrag, ) was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June ...
, the island of
Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France. It is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of ...
is ceded by
Genoa Genoa ( ; it, Genova ; lij, Zêna ). is the capital of the Italian region of Liguria and the List of cities in Italy, sixth-largest city in Italy. In 2015, 594,733 people lived within the city's administrative limits. As of the 2011 Italian ce ...
to
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. * June 14 – The largest mass meeting ever held in New England, up to this time, takes place at the
Old South Church Old South Church in Boston, Massachusetts, (also known as New Old South Church or Third Church) is a historic United Church of Christ congregation first organized in 1669. Its present building was designed in the Gothic Revival style by Charles ...
to support a petition demanding that the British remove a ship which has been hindering navigation in Boston Harbor. *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
Russo-Turkish War (1768–74) The Russo-Turkish wars (or Ottoman–Russian wars) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of military conflicts in European histor ...
: Russia captures the fortress of Bar.


July–September

*
July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
3Louis Antoine de Bougainville, on his circumnavigation westbound, sails through the
Bougainville Strait Bougainville Strait separates Choiseul Island, part of the Solomon Islands from Bougainville Island, the next to the northward and part of Papua New Guinea. The first European to pass through the strait was Louis Antoine de Bougainville in 1768, wh ...
and along the north shore of
Bougainville Island Bougainville Island (Tok Pisin: ''Bogenvil'') is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, which is part of Papua New Guinea. It was previously the main landmass in the German Empire-associated North Solomons. Its land area is ...
in the Solomons. *
July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. * 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. * 1420 ...
– The massacre of Polish people (most likely by the Russian) at the village of
Balta Balta may refer to: People * Balta (footballer) (born 1962), Spanish footballer and manager * Balta (surname) Places * Balta (crater), on Mars * Balta, Mehedinți, Romania *Bâlta, a village in Filiași, Dolj County, Romania *Bâlta, a village ...
, now a part of Ukraine but at the time an
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
town on the frontier with
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
, leads to the Russo-Turkish War. *
July 18 Events Pre-1600 * 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army. * 387 BC – Roman- Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, l ...
– "
The Liberty Song "The Liberty Song" is a pre-American Revolutionary War song with lyrics by Founding Father John Dickinson (not by Mrs. Mercy Otis Warren of Plymouth, Massachusetts). The song is set to the tunes of "Heart of Oak", the anthem of the Royal Navy of th ...
", the first American patriotic song, is published in the '' Boston Gazette'' and includes the refrain "In freedom we're born". *
July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...
– The Imperial Court of
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
's Emperor Qianlong and his three senior grand councilors, Fuheng, Yenjisan and Liu T'ung-hsun, issues a directive to officials in the
Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiang ...
,
Jiangsu Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, Postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an Eastern China, eastern coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China. It is o ...
and
Shandong Shandong ( , ; ; alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilizati ...
provinces warning them about the need to respond to rumors of sorcery. * August 7 – The palace of the Ottoman Grand Vizier is destroyed by a fire in Constantinople "Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p56 * August 26
James Cook James Cook (7 November 1728 Old Style date: 27 October – 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the British Royal Navy, famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean an ...
departs from
Plymouth Plymouth () is a port city and unitary authority in South West England. It is located on the south coast of Devon, approximately south-west of Exeter and south-west of London. It is bordered by Cornwall to the west and south-west. Plymouth ...
aboard on his first voyage of discovery. * August 27 – Almost all merchants and traders in the British colony of
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
sign a pact not to import British manufactured goods as long as the
Townshend Acts The Townshend Acts () or Townshend Duties, were a series of British acts of Parliament passed during 1767 and 1768 introducing a series of taxes and regulations to fund administration of the British colonies in America. They are named after the ...
are in effect, nor to do business with nonassociators to the pact. * August 30 – A fire burns much of the Library of the Vatican. *
September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. *1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 * 1620 – A determined band of 35 relig ...
Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached ...
appoints René de Maupeou as
Chancellor Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...
(an office he will hold until
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
), and orders him to crush the judicial opposition. *
September 22 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government. * 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
29 – The
Massachusetts Convention of Towns The Massachusetts Convention of Towns (September 22–29, 1768) was an extralegal assembly held in Boston in response to the news that British troops would soon be arriving to crack down on anti-British rioting. Delegates from 96 Massachusetts tow ...
, assembling in
Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
, resolves on a written objection to the impending arrival of British troops rather than more militant action but causes panic in London.


October–December

* October 1 – The British Army's 29th Infantry Regiment of foot soldiers, which will carry out the Boston Massacre on March 5, 1770, arrives in Boston Harbor along with three other regiments. The 700 foot soldiers march through the Massachusetts colony's capital as a show of force and begin their occupation. Within a year, there will be "nearly 4,000 armed redcoats in the crowded seaport of 15,000 inhabitants." * October 4 – The Sultan
Mustafa III Mustafa III (; ''Muṣṭafā-yi sālis''; 28 January 1717 – 21 January 1774) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774. He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), and his consort Mihrişah Kadın. He was succeeded by his ...
of the Ottoman Empire begins the Russo-Turkish War after the Russians refuse to withdraw troops from Poland. *
October 14 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. * 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's i ...
William Pitt resigns from his position as
Prime Minister of Great Britain The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet and selects its ministers. As modern pri ...
. *
October 15 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, Edgar the Ætheling is proclaimed King of England by the Witan; he is never crowned, and concedes power to William the Conqueror two months later. * 1211 ...
– A powerful hurricane sweeps across
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
during the Festival of Santa Teresa, killing hundreds of people. Spain's King Carlos III begins a precedent of ordering the colonial government to fund disaster relief, a task previously left to the Catholic Church. * October 17 – Representatives of the
Cherokee The Cherokee (; chr, ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯᎢ, translit=Aniyvwiyaʔi or Anigiduwagi, or chr, ᏣᎳᎩ, links=no, translit=Tsalagi) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. Prior to the 18th century, t ...
nation sign the
Treaty of Hard Labour In an effort to resolve concerns of settlers and land speculators following the western boundary established by the Royal Proclamation of 1763 by King George III, it was desired to move the boundary farther west to encompass more settlers who were ...
with British representative John Stuart and relinquish all claims to the land between the Ohio River and the Allegheny Mountains, now the United States state of
West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the Bur ...
. * October 29 – French colonists in
Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...
refuse to accept the colony's acquisition by Spain and begin an uprising that forces Spanish Governor
Antonio de Ulloa Antonio de Ulloa y de la Torre-Giralt, FRS, FRSA, KOS (12 January 1716 – 3 July 1795) was a Spanish naval officer, scientist, and administrator. At the age of nineteen, he joined the French Geodesic Mission to what is now the country o ...
to flee. *
November 5 Events Pre-1600 * 1138 – Lý Anh Tông is enthroned as emperor of Vietnam at the age of two, beginning a 37-year reign. * 1499 – The '' Catholicon'', written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc in Tréguier, is published; this is the first Br ...
– The
Treaty of Fort Stanwix The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was a treaty signed between representatives from the Iroquois and Great Britain (accompanied by negotiators from New Jersey, Virginia and Pennsylvania) in 1768 at Fort Stanwix. It was negotiated between Sir William J ...
is signed between the five nations of the
Iroquois Confederacy The Iroquois ( or ), officially the Haudenosaunee ( meaning "people of the longhouse"), are an Iroquoian-speaking confederacy of First Nations peoples in northeast North America/ Turtle Island. They were known during the colonial years to ...
(the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, and Seneca) relinquishing their claims to territory south of the
Ohio River The Ohio River is a long river in the United States. It is located at the boundary of the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illino ...
to the British. * December 1 – The slave ship ''Fredensborg (slave ship), Fredensborg'' sinks off Tromøya, Norway. * December 10 ** The Royal Academy is founded in London, with Joshua Reynolds as its first President (corporate title), President. ** The first of the weekly numbers of the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', edited by William Smellie (encyclopedist), William Smellie, are published in Edinburgh; one hundred are planned. * December 15 – The king's refusal to sign state documents results in the December Crisis (1768) in Sweden. * December 21 – King Prithvi Narayan Shah unifies several small kingdoms to establish modern-day Nepal; this kingdom will collapse in 2008.


Date unknown

* The Petit Trianon, originally designed for Madame de Pompadour, is completed in the park of the Palace of Versailles, and inaugurated by
Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached ...
. * New Smyrna, Florida, the largest attempt at colonization by the British in the New World, is founded by Dr. Andrew Turnbull. * The Steller's sea cow, discovered on Bering Island in 1741, is driven to extinction. * ''The Complete Farmer: Or, a General Dictionary of Husbandry'', written by "A Society of Gentlemen", a group of members of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts in Britain, concludes publication in weekly numbers and is first published in book form.
* Shaikh Mohamed bin Khalifa Al Utbi, the ancestor of the Al Khalifa family, builds his castle, named Sabha in Zubarah, after an ancestral fort in central Arabia.The construction of the castle consolidated his rule and authority over Zubarah and neighboring tribes. * The Battle of Simaisma, fought in the village of Simaisma in Qatar, takes place after Shaikh Mohamed bin Khalifa of Zubarah refuses to pay taxes to Al Musalam clan who were the representatives of the Bani Khalid tribe in Qatar. The Battle of Simaisma, ended with victory for Shaikh Mohamed and the people of Zubarah, while the Al Musalam and their seat of power Al Howeila witnessed devastation and loss.


Births

* January 1 – Maria Edgeworth, Irish novelist (d. 1849) * January 7 – Joseph Bonaparte, King of Naples and Spain (d. 1844) * January 17 – Smith Thompson, American politician, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1843) * January 28 – King Frederick VI of Denmark (d. 1839) * February 12 – Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1835) * February 13 – Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise, French marshal (d. 1835) * March – Tecumseh, Native American (Shawnee) chief (d. 1813) * March 21 – Joseph Fourier, French mathematician, physicist (d. 1830) * March 22 – Melesina Trench, Irish born writer and socialite (d. 1827) * May 3 – Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist, industrialist (d. 1838) * May 17 ** Caroline of Brunswick, queen of George IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1821) ** Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, English general (d. 1854) * May 20 – Dolley Madison, First Lady of the United States (d. 1849) * June 9 – Samuel Slater, American industrialist (d. 1835) *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– William Findlay (governor), William Findlay, American politician (d. 1846) * June 24 – Lazare Hoche, French general (d. 1797) * June 29 – Vincenzo Dimech, Maltese sculptor (d. 1831) * June 30 – Elizabeth Monroe, First Lady of the United States (d. 1830) * July 4 – Adam Karl August von Eschenmayer, German philosopher (d. 1852) * July 20 – Praskovia Kovalyova-Zhemchugova, Russian serf, actress and opera soprano (d. 1803) * July 27 – Charlotte Corday, French murderer of Jean-Paul Marat (d. 1793) * August 6 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (d. 1813) * September 4 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer, diplomat (d. 1848) * September 23 – William Wallace (mathematician), William Wallace, Scottish Mathematician (d. 1843) * September 28 – Pauline Léon, French feminist, radical (d. 1838) * October 2 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, British general and politician (d. 1854) * October 6 – Josef Madersperger, Austrian tailor, inventor and sewing machine pioneer (d. 1850) * October 31 – María Isidra de Guzmán y de la Cerda, Spanish scholar (b. 1803) * November 3 – Karađorđe, Karađorđe Petrović, leader of the First Serbian Uprising against the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
, founder of the Serbian Karađorđević dynasty (d. 1817) * November 18 ** Zacharias Werner, German religious poet (d. 1823) ** José Marchena Ruiz de Cueto, Spanish writer (d. 1821) * November 21 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologian (d. 1834) * ''date unknown'' – Marie-Jeanne de Lalande, French astronomer, mathematician (d. 1832) ** Wang Zhenyi (astronomer), Wang Zhenyi, Chinese astronomer ** María Remedios del Valle, Argentine soldier and patriot (d. 1847) ** Amelia Griffiths, British phycologist (d. 1858)


Deaths

* January 20 – Sir Walter Bagot, 5th Baronet (b. 1702) * February 1 – Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, British cavalry officer (b. 1685) * February 2 – Robert Smith (mathematician), Robert Smith, English mathematician (b. 1689) * February 8 – George Dance the Elder, British architect (b. 1695) * February 17 – Arthur Onslow, English politician (b. 1691) *
February 29 February 29, also known as leap day or leap year day, is a date added to leap years. A leap day is added in various solar calendars (calendars based on the Earth's revolution around the Sun), including the Gregorian calendar standard in mos ...
– John Mitchell (geographer), John Mitchell, colonial American physician and botanist (b. 1711) *
March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first Roman triumph, triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor ...
– Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher, writer (b. 1694) * March 3 ** Francis Fauquier, English statesman and Royal Governor of Virginia since 1758 (b. 1703) ** Nicola Porpora, Italian composer (b. 1686) * March 11 – Giovanni Battista Vaccarini, Italian architect (b. 1702) * March 18 – Laurence Sterne, Irish writer (b. 1713) * April 9 – Sarah Fielding, English writer (b. 1710) * April 19 – Canaletto, Italian artist (b. 1697) * April 29 – Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist, mineralogist (b. 1694) * May 30 – Harry Grey, 4th Earl of Stamford, British earl and politician (b. 1715) * June 8 – Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German classical scholar, archaeologist (b. 1717) * June 15 – James Short (mathematician), James Short, Scottish mathematician (b. 1710) * June 19 – Benjamin Tasker, Sr., Benjamin Tasker, Provincial Governor of Maryland (b. 1690) * June 28 – George Hadley, English lawyer and amateur meteorologist (b. 1685) * July 6 – Conrad Beissel, German-born American religious leader (b. 1691) * July 11 – José de Nebra, Spanish composer (b. 1702) * July 24 – Nathaniel Lardner, English theologian (b. 1684) * August 3 – Thomas Secker, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1693) * August 17 – Vasily Trediakovsky, Russian poet (b. 1703) * September 2 – Antoine Deparcieux, French mathematician (b. 1703) * September 11 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, French astronomer (b. 1688) * October 1 – Robert Simson, Scottish mathematician (b. 1687) * October 8 – Pierre Simon Fournier, French typographer (b. 1712) * October 17 – Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1691) * October 28 – Michel Blavet, French flutist (b. 1700) * October 31 – Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (b. 1690) * November 14 – John Bristow, English merchant, politician (b. 1701) * November 16 – Hans von Lehwaldt, German general (b. 1685) * November 17 – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1693) * December 8 – Jean Denis Attiret, French Jesuit missionary, painter (b. 1702) * December 14 – Ulla Tessin, Swedish countess (b. 1711) * December 20 – Carlo Innocenzo Frugoni, Italian poet (b. 1692) * ''date unknown'' – Elsie Marley, English Alewife (trade), alewife (b. 1713)


References


Further reading

* {{cite book , title=Blair's Chronological Tables , author1=John Blair , author-link=John Blair (priest) , author2=J. Willoughby Rosse, location= London , publisher=Henry George Bohn, H.G. Bohn , year=1856 , via=Hathi Trust , chapter-url= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t6349vh5n?urlappend=%3Bseq=683 , chapter=1768 , hdl=2027/loc.ark:/13960/t6349vh5n?urlappend=%3Bseq=683 1768, Leap years in the Gregorian calendar