Events from the year 1765 in Canada.

Incumbents

Monarch A monarch is a head of stateWebster's II New College DictionarMonarch Houghton Mifflin. Boston. 2001. p. 707. for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the highest authority and power i ...

George III George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...

Governors

* Governor of the Province of Quebec: James Murray * Governor of Nova Scotia:

Montague Wilmot Montague Wilmot (died May 23, 1766) was an 18th-century British colonial Governor of Nova Scotia. Early life Little is known of Wilmot's origins, such as his exact place of birth, although he was born in England. His father was a physician to the ...

* Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland:

Hugh Palliser Admiral Sir Hugh Palliser, 1st Baronet (26 February 1723 – 19 March 1796) was a Royal Navy officer. As captain of the 58-gun HMS ''Eagle'' he engaged and defeated the French 50-gun ''Duc d'Aquitain'' off Ushant in May 1757 during the Seven Y ...

Events

* 18 May – Fire destroys a large part of the town of

Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple ...

Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...

. * The Stamp Act increases discontent. A Stamp Act Congress meets in New York City to protest the Act. * Reserve system in Canada begins with the provision of a tract of land for the Maliseet tribe.

Births

*April 6 – Paschal Chagnon (d. 1825) *May 15 –

Dominique Ducharme Dominique Ducharme (15 May 1765 – 3 August 1853), from Lachine, Quebec, was a French Canadian fur trader, settler, militia officer, and public servant. He was named François Ducharme at birth, the son of Jean-Marie Ducharme. In 1793 Duch ...

(d. 1853) *July 9 – Étienne Duchesnois (d. 1826) *August 3 – Étienne-Claude Lagueux (d. 1842) *September 15 –

Jacques Archambault Jacques Archambault (c. 1604 – February 15, 1688) was a French colonist in Montreal. He was born in Dompierre-sur-Mer, where he was baptized. Archambault married (around 1629) Françoise Tourault, with whom he had many children. All Archambau ...

(d. 1851) *October 10 – Nicolas-Gaspard Boisseau (d. 1842) *Unknown –

Alexander Henry the younger Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Al ...

(d. 1814) *Unknown – John Brownell (d. 1809)

Deaths

* July 4 – Claude-Godefroy Coquart, missionary (born

1706 In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Monday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 26 – War of Spanish Succession: The uprising by Bavaria ...

)

Historical documents

Huge territories won in Seven Years War will ruin Britain with depopulation and trade rivalry (Note: "savages" used)

Thomas Pownall Thomas Pownall (bapt. 4 September 1722 N.S. – 25 February 1805) was a British colonial official and politician. He was governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay from 1757 to 1760, and afterwards sat in the House of Commons from 1767 t ...

says good policy means faithful and just alliance with Indigenous people, and dropping "that idle, useless claim of dominion" over them Long list of First Nations (from Atlantic to Mississippi) by name and "the Numbers of their fighting men" Indigenous parents seldom chastise children because they are either too young to understand or too old to be dominated "Revered among them in many transactions" - Nature and use of

wampum Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of Native Americans. It includes white shell beads hand-fashioned from the North Atlantic channeled whelk shell and white and purple beads made from the quahog or Western Nor ...

, calumet and

tomahawk A tomahawk is a type of single-handed axe used by the many Indigenous peoples and nations of North America. It traditionally resembles a hatchet with a straight shaft. In pre-colonial times the head was made of stone, bone, or antler, and Eur ...

by Indigenous people Despite its northern location,

is "a healthy, fruitful, and pleasant country," with

St. Lawrence River The St. Lawrence River (french: Fleuve Saint-Laurent, ) is a large river in the middle latitudes of North America. Its headwaters begin flowing from Lake Ontario in a (roughly) northeasterly direction, into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, connecting ...

providing "an extended sea-coast" Gov. James Murray describes difficulty ruling Quebec given hostility among military, magistrates and merchants in Montreal London merchants trading to Quebec petition Board of Trade on harmful effects of soldier violence and Gov. Murray's ordinances (Note: poor copy) Notice of available

land grant A land grant is a gift of real estate—land or its use privileges—made by a government or other authority as an incentive, means of enabling works, or as a reward for services to an individual, especially in return for military service. Grants ...

s includes description of Quebec's fertility and productivity, and even its beneficial frost and snow With end of hostilities with those "who lately appeared in Arms," any subject may take out Indigenous trade licence under

Royal Proclamation A proclamation (Lat. ''proclamare'', to make public by announcement) is an official declaration issued by a person of authority to make certain announcements known. Proclamations are currently used within the governing framework of some nations ...

VIP A very important person or personage (VIP or V.I.P.) is a person who is accorded special privileges due to their high social status, influence or importance. The term was not common until sometime after World War 2 by RAF pilots. Examples inc ...

s from England touring British colonies benefit from meeting Indigenous people, who demonstrate sagacity and intelligence (Note: "savage" used) " Maricitte Indians rereduced to the lowest Ebb of Misery" by Canadians taking beaver on their Temiscouata- Madawaska- Rivière du Loup lands Quebec governor's gardener solicits all with knowledge of botanicals, including those used in Indigenous medicines, paints and dyes Chaplain of Quebec recommends inoculation as "happiest Preservative" against

smallpox Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus) which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) c ...

, it being safe, effective, and "approv'd at

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

" School is opening to give instruction in " Arithmetic vulgar and decimal, the Extraction and Use of the

Square In Euclidean geometry, a square is a regular quadrilateral, which means that it has four equal sides and four equal angles (90- degree angles, π/2 radian angles, or right angles). It can also be defined as a rectangle with two equal-length a ...

and cube Roots, Mensuration" etc.

fire of May 18 destroys one-fourth (one-third by value) of city of 7,000, leaving 215 families homeless "Fair to the eye ndgrateful to the taste" -

Profile Profile or profiles may refer to: Art, entertainment and media Music * ''Profile'' (Jan Akkerman album), 1973 * ''Profile'' (Githead album), 2005 * ''Profile'' (Pat Donohue album), 2005 * ''Profile'' (Duke Pearson album), 1959 * '' ''Profi ...

of Nova Scotia includes description of cod processing With "water sufficient for any ship that swims,"

Halifax harbour Halifax Harbour is a large natural harbour on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada, located in the Halifax Regional Municipality. Halifax largely owes its existence to the harbour, being one of the largest and deepest ice-free natural harbo ...

has

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against ...

's chief American facility for

careening Careening (also known as "heaving down") is a method of gaining access to the hull of a sailing vessel without the use of a dry dock. It is used for cleaning or repairing the hull. Before ship's hulls were protected from marine growth by fasteni ...

and other maintenance Protestant missionaries in

Nova Scotia Nova Scotia ( ; ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Nova Scotia is Latin for "New Scotland". Most of the population are native Eng ...

speak English, French, Mi'kmaw and German (Note: "savages" used)

Servants A domestic worker or domestic servant is a person who works within the scope of a residence. The term "domestic service" applies to the equivalent occupational category. In traditional English contexts, such a person was said to be "in service ...

who desert their employers are liable to work twice length of their absence, unless they can prove they were abused Nova Scotian describes Stamp Act unrest in

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...

and calm in Halifax French presence on St. Pierre and Miquelon draws Acadians and Mi'kmaq and warships to undermine British fishery and take Newfoundland Ship-based fishery, source of seamen for wartime, "is now wholly dropt and excluded by Encroachers and Monopolizers" in Newfoundland "If the English would be more honest, we should be more generous" -

Haudenosaunee The Iroquois ( or ), officially the Haudenosaunee ( meaning "people of the longhouse"), are an Iroquoian-speaking confederacy of First Nations peoples in northeast North America/ Turtle Island. They were known during the colonial years to ...

tell William Johnson they are cheated of their

lands Land is the solid surface of the Earth that is not covered by water. Land, lands, The Land, or the Lands may also refer to: Entertainment and media Film * ''Land'' (1987 film), a British television film by Barry Collins * ''Land'' (2018 film), ...

Traveller says

Pontiac Pontiac may refer to: *Pontiac (automobile), a car brand *Pontiac (Ottawa leader) ( – 1769), a Native American war chief Places and jurisdictions Canada *Pontiac, Quebec, a municipality ** Apostolic Vicariate of Pontiac, now the Roman Catholic D ...

and other Indigenous leaders love French for their kind and generous ways, and British will need long time to gain such respect " lmostno part of North America ..etter worth settling, improving, and defending" - Great future foreseen for Great Lakes lands Recommendation that half-dozen Great Lakes forts, especially ones at

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...

and on Niagara River, be for protecting and wintering British traders Alexander Henry buys £1,250 in goods at

Michilimackinac Michilimackinac ( ) is derived from an Ottawa Ojibwe name for present-day Mackinac Island and the region around the Straits of Mackinac between Lake Huron and Lake Michigan.. Early settlers of North America applied the term to the entire region ...

on 12 months credit and loads them into 4 canoes for exclusive trade on Lake Superior

Frederick Haldimand Sir Frederick Haldimand, KB (11 August 1718 – 5 June 1791) was a military officer best known for his service in the British Army in North America during the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War. From 1778 to 1786, he serve ...

to move to Canada all St. John's Island Acadians, who will be allowed to take cattle and one

firelock The lock of a firearm is the mechanism used to initiate firing. It is a historical term, in that it generally refers to such mechanisms used in muzzle-loading and early breech-loading firearms. Side-lock refers to the type of construction, in whic ...

, powder and shot per family "Advantages ..ould be derived from laying open this trade" - Reasons to end Hudson's Bay Company's monopoly Scottish Jacobite writer has ghosts of Wolfe and Montcalm discuss their final, fatal and flawed campaigns in Seven Years War

Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin ( April 17, 1790) was an American polymath who was active as a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher, and political philosopher. Encyclopædia Britannica, Wood, 2021 Among the leading inte ...

has some anonymous newspaper fun, relating Canadians' preparations for whaling and cod fishing in upper Great Lakes(Benjamin Franklin)
"'A Traveller': News-Writers' Nonsense"
(May 1765), U.S. National Archives. Accessed 27 April 2022

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1765 In Canada 1760s in Canada 1765 in North America 1765 in the British Empire

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...