1764 (
MDCCLXIV) was a
leap year starting on Sunday
A leap year starting on Sunday is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes 29 February) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Monday, 31 December. Its dominical letters hence are AG. The most recent year of such kind was 2012 and the next ...
and is the fifth year of the
1760s decade, the 64th year of the
18th century, and the 764th year of the
2nd millennium.
Events
January–June
* January 7 – The Siculicidium
The Massacre at Madéfalva took place at CsÃk-Mádéfalva, Grand Principality of Transylvania (today Siculeni in Romania). In Latin ''Siculicidium'' "murder of Székelys" was a mass murder committed against Székelys by the Habsburg army in 17 ...
is carried out as hundreds of the Székely minority in Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
are massacred by the Austrian Army
The Austrian Armed Forces (german: Bundesheer, lit=Federal Army) are the combined military forces of the Republic of Austria.
The military consists of 22,050 active-duty personnel and 125,600 reservists. The military budget is 0.74% of nati ...
at Madéfalva.
* January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrend ...
– John Wilkes
John Wilkes (17 October 1725 – 26 December 1797) was an English radical journalist and politician, as well as a magistrate, essayist and soldier. He was first elected a Member of Parliament in 1757. In the Middlesex election dispute, he f ...
is expelled from the House of Commons of Great Britain, for seditious libel
Sedition and seditious libel were criminal offences under English common law, and are still criminal offences in Canada. Sedition is overt conduct, such as speech and organization, that is deemed by the legal authority to tend toward insurrection ...
.
* February 15 – The settlement of St. Louis
St. Louis () is the second-largest city in Missouri, United States. It sits near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers. In 2020, the city proper had a population of 301,578, while the bi-state metropolitan area, which e ...
is established.
* March 15
Events Pre-1600
*474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce.
* 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place.
* 493 – Odo ...
– The day after his return to Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
from a nine-year mission, French explorer and scholar Anquetil Du Perron
Abraham Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron (7 December 173117 January 1805) was the first professional French Indologist. He conceived the institutional framework for the new profession. He inspired the founding of the École française d'Extrême-Orien ...
presents a complete copy of the Zoroastrian
Zoroastrianism is an Iranian religion and one of the world's oldest organized faiths, based on the teachings of the Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster. It has a dualistic cosmology of good and evil within the framework of a monotheistic ...
sacred text, the ''Zend Avesta
The Avesta () is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism, composed in the Avestan language.
The Avesta texts fall into several different categories, arranged either by dialect, or by usage. The principal text in the litu ...
'', to the ''Bibliothèque Royale'' in Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, along with several other traditional texts. In 1771, he publishes the first European translation of the ''Zend Avesta''.
* March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
– Francisco Javier de la Torre
Francisco Javier de la Torre was the 49th governor-general of the Philippines from 1764 to 1765.
Governorship
On January 30, 1764, prior to the death of Governor-General Manuel Rojo del Rio y Vieyra, Simón de Anda y Salazar assumed office as the ...
arrives in Manila
Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populate ...
to become the new Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines
The Governor-General of the Philippines (Spanish: ''Gobernador y Capitán General de Filipinas''; Filipino: ''Gobernador-Heneral ng Pilipinas/Kapitan Heneral ng Pilipinas''; Japanese: ) was the title of the government executive during the colo ...
.
* March 20
Events Pre-1600
* 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka.
* 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 1600 – The Link ...
– After the British victory in the French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
, the first post-war British expedition to explore the newly acquired territories east of the Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it fl ...
comes under attack by Tunica warriors. The 340 British Army men, under the command of Major Arthur Loftus, were at a spot south of Natchez, Mississippi and were forced to flee in their boats back toward the port of while under fire from an unknown number of Tunicas firing from both banks.
* March 23
Events Pre-1600
*1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.
*1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Following lobbying by George Johnstone, the Governor of British West Florida
British West Florida was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1763 until 1783, when it was ceded to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris.
British West Florida comprised parts of the modern U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alab ...
, Britain's Lords of Trade vote to recommend the northern boundary for the new province to run from the confluence of the Yazoo River
The Yazoo River is a river in the U.S. states of Louisiana and Mississippi. It is considered by some to mark the southern boundary of what is called the Mississippi Delta, a broad floodplain that was cultivated for cotton plantations before th ...
and the Mississippi (at modern-day Vicksburg, Mississippi
Vicksburg is a historic city in Warren County, Mississippi, United States. It is the county seat, and the population at the 2010 census was 23,856.
Located on a high bluff on the east bank of the Mississippi River across from Louisiana, Vi ...
) to the Chattahoochee River (at modern-day Phenix City, Alabama), and the Privy Council soon approves, bringing about under the West Florida's jurisdiction.
* March 27
Events Pre-1600
*1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom.
* 1329 – Pope John XXII ...
– The prince-elector
The prince-electors (german: Kurfürst pl. , cz, Kurfiřt, la, Princeps Elector), or electors for short, were the members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
From the 13th century onwards, the prin ...
s, a group of nine German princes who select the next leader of the Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...
, vote for the last time as the health of the Emperor Francis I Francis I or Francis the First may refer to:
* Francesco I Gonzaga (1366–1407)
* Francis I, Duke of Brittany (1414–1450), reigned 1442–1450
* Francis I of France (1494–1547), King of France, reigned 1515–1547
* Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lau ...
declines. The electors (including Britain's King George III, who also rules as Elector of Hanover
The Electorate of Hanover (german: Kurfürstentum Hannover or simply ''Kurhannover'') was an electorate of the Holy Roman Empire, located in northwestern Germany and taking its name from the capital city of Hanover. It was formally known as ...
) approve Francis's son, Prince Joseph of Austria as King of the Romans. Upon the death of Francis in 1765, Prince Joseph becomes the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II.
* March 31
Events Pre-1600
* 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine the Great, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian.
*1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at VÃ ...
– A mutual defense treaty between the Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
and the Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. ...
is signed in Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
between representatives of Russia's Empress Catherine the Great
, en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes
, house =
, father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
, mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp
, birth_date =
, birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anhal ...
and Prussia's King Frederick the Great
Frederick II (german: Friedrich II.; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was King in Prussia from 1740 until 1772, and King of Prussia from 1772 until his death in 1786. His most significant accomplishments include his military successes in the S ...
. By agreement, each nation agrees (for an eight-year period) to commit 10,000 soldiers and 2,000 horses to the defense of the other in case of an attack, and secretly agree to maintain security within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi- confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ru ...
.
* April 5 – The Sugar Act is passed in Great Britain
Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It is ...
.
* April 21 – Residents of French Louisiana
The term French Louisiana refers to two distinct regions:
* first, to colonial French Louisiana, comprising the massive, middle section of North America claimed by France during the 17th and 18th centuries; and,
* second, to modern French Louisi ...
are informed for the first time that they will come under Spanish rule as the result of a secret agreement of November 13, 1762 whereby France has ceded all of its North American territory west of the Mississippi River. The Spanish, however, do not take possession until August 17, 1769.
* April 27 – Eight-year-old child prodigy Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791), baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition r ...
performs a private concert before King George III and Queen Charlotte in Great Britain, and has an encore on May 19.
* May 3
Events Pre-1600
* 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne.
* 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties.
...
– Baden
Baden (; ) is a historical territory in South Germany, in earlier times on both sides of the Upper Rhine but since the Napoleonic Wars only East of the Rhine.
History
The margraves of Baden originated from the House of Zähringen. Baden i ...
, one of the member states of the Confederation of Switzerland, declares a policy of remaining neutral in future conflicts, a model that is soon followed by other members of the Confederation and which eventually becomes the basis for Swiss neutrality
Swiss neutrality is one of the main principles of Switzerland's foreign policy which dictates that Switzerland is not to be involved in armed or political conflicts between other states. This policy is self-imposed and designed to ensure external ...
from 1815 onward.
* June 21 – The English-language ''Quebec Gazette
The ''Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph'', founded by William Brown (c. 1737–1789) as the ''Quebec Gazette'' on 21 June 1764, is the oldest newspaper in North America. It is currently published as an English language weekly from its offices in Queb ...
'' is established in Quebec City
Quebec City ( or ; french: Ville de Québec), officially Québec (), is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the metropolitan area had a population of 839,311. It is t ...
, Canada (the oldest surviving newspaper in North America).
* June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– A T11 tornado
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...
(equivalent to F5 on the Fujita scale
The Fujita scale (F-Scale; ), or Fujita–Pearson scale (FPP scale), is a scale for rating tornado intensity, based primarily on the damage tornadoes inflict on human-built structures and vegetation. The official Fujita scale category is determ ...
) hits Woldegk
Woldegk () is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is situated 24 km southeast of Neubrandenburg. The former municipality Petersdorf was merged into Woldegk in May 2019. Woldegk i ...
, Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
.
July–September
* July 6
Events Pre-1600
* 371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta's reputation of military invincibility.
* 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under 'Amr ibn al-'As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt ...
– The last British troops depart Havana
Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center. , Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
, two years after having captured it from Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
during the Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (175 ...
. The removal of troops follows the treaty between the two Kingdoms, with Spain ceding West Florida
West Florida ( es, Florida Occidental) was a region on the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico that underwent several boundary and sovereignty changes during its history. As its name suggests, it was formed out of the western part of former S ...
to Great Britain in return for the Havana withdrawal.
* July 8 – The Niagara Conference begins at the invitation of Sir William Johnson, the British Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the northern district, who hosts "one of the largest conventions of red men ever held on the continent" to negotiate the end of the hostilities from the French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
. Reportedly, 2,000 representatives of the North American tribes meet at upstate New York coming from distances ranging "From Dakota
Dakota may refer to:
* Dakota people, a sub-tribe of the Sioux
** Dakota language, their language
Dakota may also refer to:
Places United States
* Dakota, Georgia, an unincorporated community
* Dakota, Illinois, a town
* Dakota, Minnesota, ...
to Hudson's Bay, and from Maine
Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and ...
to Kentucky
Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia to ...
."
* July 11
Events Pre-1600
* 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
* 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, ...
– Conditional repatriation of the Acadians
The Acadians (french: Acadiens , ) are an ethnic group descended from the French who settled in the New France colony of Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries. Most Acadians live in the region of Acadia, as it is the region where the de ...
in Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
, French colonists who took up arms against the British during the war, is approved by order of King George III on advice of the Privy Council. The Council offers settlement to any Acadians willing to take an oath of allegiance to the British Crown and that those living in New Brunswick
New Brunswick (french: Nouveau-Brunswick, , locally ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. It is the only province with both English and ...
are to "be allowed to settle in Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia ( ; ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Nova Scotia is Latin for "New Scotland".
Most of the population are native Eng ...
, but that they should be dispersed in small numbers in various localities."
* July 20
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
* 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
– King George, on advise of the Privy Council, issues the Royal Determination of the disputed boundary between the colonial provinces of New York and New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...
. The King-in-Council "doth hereby order and declare the western banks of the river Connecticut from where it enters the province of Massachusetts Bay
The Province of Massachusetts Bay was a colony in British America which became one of the thirteen original states of the United States. It was chartered on October 7, 1691, by William III and Mary II, the joint monarchs of the kingdoms of ...
, as far north as the 45th degree of north latitude ''to be'' the boundary line between the two provinces of New Hampshire and New York."
* July 26
Events Pre-1600
* 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I.
* 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is se ...
– In what is described 250 years later as " The first documented United States school shooting", a group of four Delaware Indians
The Lenape (, , or Lenape , del, Lënapeyok) also called the Leni Lenape, Lenni Lenape and Delaware people, are an indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, who live in the United States and Canada. Their historical territory inclu ...
invade a schoolhouse near what is now Greencastle, Pennsylvania
Greencastle is a borough (Pennsylvania), borough in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, Franklin County in south-central Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,996 at the 2010 census. Greencastle lies within the Cumberland Valley of Pennsylv ...
and kill ten schoolchildren and their teacher, Enoch Brown. The massacre happens in the course of Pontiac's War, as retaliation against white settlement of Indian lands in central Pennsylvania. One student, Archie McCullough, manages to escape the carnage; a memorial is erected 120 years later on August 4, 1884.
* July 31 – Johnson arrives at the Niagara River site to meet with the representatives of the Indian nations.[David T. McNab, ''Circles of Time: Aboriginal Land Rights and Resistance in Ontario'' (Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1999) pp49-50]
* August 1 – The Treaty of Fort Niagara is signed between Great Britain and 44 North American Indian nations, bring an end to the ongoing war that had started in 1756 with most of the northern Indian tribes. Sir William Johnson appears on behalf of Britain, and principal chiefs appear for the Iroquois Confederacy, Wabash Confederacy, Illini Confederacy, Haudenosaunee, Seneca tribe, Seneca, Wyandot people, Wyandot, Menominee, Algonquin people, Algonquin, Nipissing First Nation, Nipissing, Ojibwa, Mississaugas, Mohawk nation, Mohawk, Abenaki, Huron-Wendat Nation, Huron, and Onondaga (tribe), Onondaga.[
* September 7 – StanisÅ‚aw August Poniatowski is elected as the King of the ]Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi- confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ru ...
.
October–December
* October 15 – English scholar Edward Gibbon conceives the idea of writing ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', "as I sat musing amid the ruins of the Capitoline Hill, Capitol".
* October 22 – Battle of Buxar: The British East India Company defeats the combined armies of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal, the Nawab of Awadh, and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
* November 9 – Mary Campbell (colonial settler), Mary Campbell, a captive of the Lenape during the French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
, is turned over to forces commanded by Colonel Henry Bouquet.
Date unknown
* The Royal Colony of North Carolina establishes a new county from the eastern portion of Granville County, North Carolina, Granville County and names it Bute County, North Carolina, Bute County for John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, who had recently resigned his post as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Prime Minister of Great Britain. In 1779 the North Carolina, State of North Carolina abolishes the county, when it forms Warren County, North Carolina, Warren County from the northern portion and Franklin County, North Carolina, Franklin County from the southern portion.
* The Kingdom of France, French government withdraws the wartime taxes.
* Catherine the Great
, en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes
, house =
, father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
, mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp
, birth_date =
, birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anhal ...
establishes the first secondary education school for females in Russia – The Smolny Institute, for girls of the nobility in St. Petersburg.
* Chief Pontiac, participating in an armed conflict with other native tribes against British military, participates in a dialogue and exchange with the military of Britain, resulting eventually in a negotiated peace treaty.
Publications
* Cesare Beccaria - ''On Crimes and Punishments (Dei delitti e delle pene)'', a founding work of penology
* Immanuel Kant - ''Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime (Beobachtungen über das Gefühl des Schönen und Erhabenen)''
* Voltaire - ''Dictionnaire philosophique''
* Horace Walpole - ''The Castle of Otranto'' "a story, translated by William Marshal, Gent., from the original Italian of Onuphrio Muralto", the first Gothic novel
Births
![Maria Carolina von Savoyen](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Maria_Carolina_von_Savoyen.jpg)
* January 6 – John_Gray_(American_Revolutionary_War_soldier), John Gray, last verified American Revolutionary War veteran (d. 1868)
* January 17 – Princess Maria Carolina of Savoy, crown princess of Saxony, died of smallpox (d. 1782)
* February 11 – Joseph Chénier, French poet (d. 1811)
* March 13 – Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, 26th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1845)
* April 3 – John Abernethy (surgeon), John Abernethy, English surgeon (d. 1831)
* April 13 – Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, French marshal (d. 1830)
* April 20 – Rudolph Ackermann, German-born English entrepreneur (d. 1834)
![Vigée Le Brun - Élisabeth of France, Versailles](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Vig%C3%A9e_Le_Brun_-_%C3%89lisabeth_of_France%2C_Versailles.jpg)
*
May 3
Events Pre-1600
* 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne.
* 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties.
...
– Princess Élisabeth of France, sister of Louis XVI (executed 1794)
* May 5 – Robert Craufurd, Scottish general (k. 1812)
* May 7 – Therese Huber, German writer and scholar (d. 1829)
* May 26 – Edward Livingston, American jurist, statesman (d. 1836)
* June 5 – James Smithson, British mineralogist, chemist and posthumous founder of the Smithsonian Institution (d. 1829)
* June 19 – José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan hero of independence (d. 1850)
*
June 21 – Sidney Smith (Royal Navy officer), Sidney Smith, British admiral (d. 1840)
* July 9 – Ann Radcliffe, English Gothic novelist (d. 1823)
* August 13 – Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (d. 1813)
* August 18 – Judah Leib Ben-Ze'ev, Galician Jews, Galician Jewish modern Hebrew philologist, lexicographer, Biblical scholar and poet (d. 1811)
* September 5 – Henriette Herz, German salonnière (d. 1847)
* September 7 – Pierre Lorillard II, American businessman, real estate tycoon (d. 1843)
* September 17 – John Goodricke, English astronomer (d. 1786)
* September 25 – Fletcher Christian, English sailor and mutineer (d. 1793)
* December 7
**Pierre Prévost (painter), Pierre Prévost, French panorama painter (d. 1823)
**Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno, Marshal of France (d. 1841)
* ''Date unknown'' – Maria Medina Coeli, Italian physician (d. 1846)
* ''Approximate date'' – Alexander Mackenzie (explorer), Scottish explorer of northern Canada (d. 1820)
Deaths
![Furietti](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Furietti.jpg)
* January 14 – Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1685)
* March 6 – Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1690)
* March 16 – Frederick Augustus Rutowsky, German general (b. 1702)
*
March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
– George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, English astronomer (b. c.1696)
* March 25 – Mikhail Mikhailovich Golitsyn (admiral), Mikhail Mikhalovich Golitsyn, Russian naval officer (b. 1684)
* March 30 – Pietro Locatelli, Italian composer (b. 1695)
* April 9 – Marco Benefial, Italian painter (b. 1684)
* April 15 – Madame de Pompadour, mistress of King Louis XV of France (b. 1721)
* April 17 – Johann Mattheson, German composer (b. 1681)
*
May 3
Events Pre-1600
* 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne.
* 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties.
...
– Francesco Algarotti, Italian philosopher (b. 1712)
*
June 29
Events Pre-1600
* 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
*1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
* 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– Ralph Allen, English businessman and politician (b. 1693)
* July 7 – William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, English politician (b. 1683)
![Ivan VI Antonovich (Oranienbaum)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Ivan_VI_Antonovich_%28Oranienbaum%29.jpg)
* July 16 – Tsar Ivan VI of Russia (murdered in prison) (b. 1740)
* July 23 – Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader (b. 1703)
* September 2 – Nathaniel Bliss, English Astronomer Royal (b. 1700)
* September 12 – Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (b. 1683)
* September 23 – Robert Dodsley, English writer (b. 1703)
* September 26 – Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro, Spanish scholar (b. 1676)
![4th Duke of Devonshire after Hudson](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/4th_Duke_of_Devonshire_after_Hudson.jpg)
* October 2 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1720)
* October 22 – Jean-Marie Leclair, French composer and violinist (murdered) (b. 1697)
* October 23 – Emmanuel-Auguste de Cahideuc, Comte Dubois de la Motte, French naval officer (b. 1683)
* October 26 – William Hogarth, English painter and satirist (b. 1697)
* November 20 – Christian Goldbach, Prussian mathematician (b. 1690)
* November 27 – Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Menshikov, Russian army officer (b. 1714)
References
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1764,
Leap years in the Gregorian calendar