The 1652 Articles of Peace and Friendship was a treaty signed on 5 July 1652 between the

Province of Maryland The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland ...

and the

Susquehannock The Susquehannock people, also called the Conestoga by some English settlers or Andastes were Iroquoian Native Americans who lived in areas adjacent to the Susquehanna River and its tributaries, ranging from its upper reaches in the southern p ...

people. The treaty resulted in the Susquehannock conceding the majority of the land from the mouth of the

Susquehanna River The Susquehanna River (; Lenape: Siskëwahane) is a major river located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, overlapping between the lower Northeast and the Upland South. At long, it is the longest river on the East Coast of the ...

into Maryland on both shores of the

Chesapeake Bay The Chesapeake Bay ( ) is the largest estuary in the United States. The Bay is located in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region and is primarily separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Delmarva Peninsula (including the parts: the ...

. The treaty effectively signaled the end of Susquehannock life in Maryland.

History

The parties to the treaty signed the document along the banks of the Severn River, near what is now

Annapolis Annapolis ( ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, south of Baltimore and about east o ...

. The treaty was signed by five Susquehannock war chiefs whose names were spelled as Sawahegeh, Aurotaurogh, Scarhuhadih, Ruthcuhogah and Wathetdianeh. Richard Bennett, Thomas March, William Fuller, Leo Strong and Edward Lloyd were the signers for the colonial Maryland government. The Susquehannock were granted more men, cannons, and ammunition under the conditions of the treaty, in exchange for land. The treaty was renewed in 1661. While the Susquehannock are now extinct as a people, there are efforts to push universities and other public institutions in the Baltimore area to institute

land acknowledgement A land acknowledgement or territorial acknowledgement is a formal statement that a public event is taking place on land originally inhabited by indigenous peoples. It is often spoken at the beginning of an event. They have also become popular on s ...

policies regarding the Susquehannock and other Native peoples of Maryland. A copy of the treaty on

microfiche Microforms are scaled-down reproductions of documents, typically either films or paper, made for the purposes of transmission, storage, reading, and printing. Microform images are commonly reduced to about 4% or of the original document size. F ...

is held by the

Maryland State Archives The Maryland State Archives serves as the central depository for government records of permanent value. Its holdings date from Maryland's founding in 1634, and include colonial and state executive, legislative, and judicial records; county prob ...

References

{{Native Americans in Maryland 1652 in the Thirteen Colonies 1652 treaties Anti-indigenous racism in North America Province of Maryland English colonization of the Americas History of racism in Maryland Native American history of Maryland Susquehannock Treaties of England Treaties of indigenous peoples of North America

History

See also

References