1551 Establishments In The Portuguese Empire

Year 1551 ( MDLI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

* January–February – Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow, and Tsar Ivan IV of Russia preside over the reforming Stoglavy Synod ("Hundred-Chapter") church council. A calendar of the saints and an ecclesiastical law code (''Stoglav'') are introduced.
* January 11 – Ketumati, Burma, is conquered by Bayinnaung.
* May 1 – The Council of Trent reconvenes by order of Pope Julius III.
* May 12 – The National University of San Marcos is founded in Lima ( Peru), being the first officially established university in the Americas.

July–December

* By July – Fifth and last outbreak of sweating sickness in England. John Caius of Shrewsbury writes the first full contemporary account of the symptoms of the disease.
* July – Invasion of Gozo: Ottoman Turks and Barbary pirates invade the Mediterranean island of Gozo, enslaving all inhabitants (estimated at 5,000 to 6,000) and transporting them to Tarhuna Wa Msalata (in modern-day Libya).
* August 15 – The Siege of Tripoli ends, with the Knights of Malta surrendering Tripoli to the Ottoman Empire.
* September 21 – The Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico is founded in Mexico City ( Mexico), being the second officially established university in the Americas.
* September 30 – Tainei-ji incident: A coup in Yamaguchi, by the military establishment of the Ōuchi clan, forces their lord Ōuchi Yoshitaka to commit suicide, and the city is burned.
* October 11 – John Dudley, Earl of Warwick, ''de facto'' Lord Protector of the Kingdom of England, is created Duke of Northumberland.

Date unknown

* Qizilbash forces under the command of Tahmasp I raid and destroy the cave monastery of Vardzia in Georgia.
* In Henan province, China, during the Ming dynasty, a severe frost in the spring destroys the winter wheat crop. Torrential rains in mid summer cause massive flooding of farmland and villages (by some accounts submerged in a metre of water). In the fall, a large tornado demolishes houses and flattens much of the buckwheat in the fields. Famine victims either flee, starve, or resort to cannibalism. This follows a series of natural disasters in Henan in the years 1528, 1531, 1539, and 1545.
* In Slovakia, Guta (modern-day Kolárovo) receives town status.
* Portugal founds a sugar colony at Bahia.
* Juan de Betanzos begins to write his ''Narrative of the Incas''.
* The new edition of the Genevan psalter, , is published, with Louis Bourgeois as supervising composer, including the first publication of the hymn tune known as the '' Old 100th''.

Births

* January 5 – Jean Chapeauville, Belgian theologian and historian (d. 1617)
* January 14 – Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Grand vizier of the Mughal emperor Akbar (d. 1602)
* January 26 – Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer, English politician (d. 1616)
* February 2 – Nicolaus Reimers, German astronomer (d. 1600)
* March 9 – Alessandro Alberti, Italian painter (d. 1596)
* March 21 – Maria Anna of Bavaria (d. 1608)
* March 30 – Salomon Schweigger, German theologian (d. 1622)
* April 9 – Peter Monau, German physician (d. 1588)
* April 30 – Jacopo da Empoli, Italian painter (d. 1640)
* May 2 – William Camden, English historian (d. 1623)
* May 8 – Thomas Drury, English government informer and swindler (d. 1603)
* May 17 – Martin Delrio, Flemish theologian and occultist (d. 1608)
* September 19 – King Henry III of France (d. 1589)
* October 4 – Philip VI, Count of Waldeck (1567–1579) (d. 1579)
* October 8 – Giulio Caccini, Italian composer (d. 1618)
* October 26 – Charlotte de Sauve, French courtesan (d. 1617)
* November 11 – Giovanni I Cornaro, Doge of Venice (d. 1629)
* ''date unknown''
** Bhai Gurdas – original scribe of Guru Granth Sahib
** George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven (d. 1617)
** Fausto Veranzio, Dalmatian/Croatian polymath, bishop, humanist (d. 1617)
** Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Christian Orthodox Saint (d. 1651)
* ''probable''
** Patrick Galloway, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (d. c.1626)
** Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (d. 1605)
** Stanisław Stadnicki, Polish nobleman (d. 1610)

Deaths

* February 4 – John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, Prince of Anahlt-Dessau (1516–1544) and Anhalt-Zerbst (1544–1551) (b. 1504)
* February 28 – Martin Bucer, German Protestant reformer (b. 1491)
* April 6 – Joachim Vadian, Swiss humanist (b. 1484)
* April 8 – Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (b. 1510)
* May 8 – Barbara Radziwiłł, queen of Sigismund II of Poland (b. 1523)
* May 17 – Shin Saimdang, Korean artist, calligrapher and writer (b. 1504)
* May 18 – Domenico di Pace Beccafumi, Italian painter (b. 1486)
* June 24 – Charles II de Croÿ, Belgian duke (b. 1522)
* July – Adriaen Isenbrandt, Flemish painter (b. 1490)
* July 13 – John Wallop, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1490)
* July 14 – Henry Brandon, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (b. 1535)
* August 8 – Fray Tomás de Berlanga, Bishop of Panama (b. 1487)
* August 12 – Paul Speratus, German Lutheran (b. 1484)
* August 26 – Margaret Leijonhufvud, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1516)
* September 30 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b. 1507)
* November 20 – Hindal Mirza, Mughal Empire emperor (b. 1519)
* ''date unknown''
** Sagara Taketō, Japanese samurai (b. 1498)
** Helena Ungler, Polish printer
** Alice Arden, English murderer (b. 1516; executed by burning)The Newgate Calendar: "Alice Arden of Feversham"

References

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