1517 Hebron Attacks
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1517 Hebron attacks occurred in the final phases of the Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17), when Turkish
Ottomans The Ottoman Turks ( tr, Osmanlı Türkleri), were the Turkic founding and sociopolitically the most dominant ethnic group of the Ottoman Empire ( 1299/1302–1922). Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks remains scarce, ...
had ousted the
Mamluk Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...
s and taken Ottoman Syria. The massacre targeted the Jewish population of the city and is also referred to as a
pogrom A pogrom () is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. The term entered the English language from Russian to describe 19th- and 20th-century attacks on Jews in the Russia ...
.


Events

An account of the event, recorded by Japheth ben Manasseh in 1518, mentions how the onslaught was initiated by Turkish troops led by Murad Bey, the deputy of the Sultan from Jerusalem. Jews were attacked, beaten and raped, and many were killed as their homes and businesses were looted and pillaged. It has been suggested that the stable financial position of the Hebronite Jews at the time was what attracted the Turkish soldiers to engage in the mass plunder. Others suggest the pogrom could have in fact taken place in the midst of a localised conflict, an uprising by the Mamluks against the new Ottoman rulers. Those who survived the calamity fled to
Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
and Jews only returned to Hebron 16 years later in 1533.


See also

*
1834 Hebron massacre The 1834 Hebron massacre occurred in early August 1834, when the forces of Ibrahim Pasha launched an assault against Hebron to crush the last pocket of significant resistance in Palestine during the Peasants' revolt in Palestine. After heavy st ...
*
List of massacres in Ottoman Syria The following is the List of massacres in Ottoman Syria, mass atrocities committed during the Ottoman rule in Syrian provinces (region roughly corresponding the Levant) between 1517 and 1918. * For massacres that took place in Roman Judea, see Li ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hebron pogrom, 1517 1510s in Ottoman Syria 1517 in the Mamluk Sultanate 1517 in the Ottoman Empire 1517 riots Anti-Jewish pogroms by Muslims Antisemitism in the Ottoman Empire Jews and Judaism in Hebron Jews and Judaism in the Mamluk Sultanate Jews and Judaism in Ottoman Palestine Massacres in 1517 History of Hebron