Year 1156 ( MCLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Levant

* Spring – Raynald of Châtillon, prince of Antioch, makes an alliance with Thoros II (the Great), ruler of

Armenian Cilicia The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (Middle Armenian: , '), also known as Cilician Armenia ( hy, Կիլիկեան Հայաստան, '), Lesser Armenia, Little Armenia or New Armenia, and formerly known as the Armenian Principality of Cilicia ( hy, ...

. He invades Cyprus and conducts a widespread plundering of the Byzantine island. The Crusaders and the Armenian forces march up and down the island robbing and pillaging every building, church and convent as well as shops and private houses. The crops are burnt; the herds are rounded up – together with all the population – and driven down to the coast. The massacre lasts about three weeks; on the rumor of a Byzantine fleet in the offing, Raynald gives the order for embarkation. The Crusader ships are loaded with booty, and every Cypriot is forced to ransom himself.

Europe

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...

– Freeholder

Lalli Lalli is an apocryphal character from Finland, Finnish history. According to the legend, he killed Henry, Bishop of Uppsala, Bishop Henry on the ice of lake Köyliönjärvi in Finland on January 20, 1156. Legend The story begins with an expedi ...

slays the English missionary-bishop Henry with an axe, on the ice of Lake

Köyliönjärvi Köyliönjärvi (''Lake Köyliö'', sv, Kjulo träsk) is a lake in the municipality of Köyliö, Finland. It is the home of the first documented historical event in Finland as Saint Henry was allegedly murdered by peasant called Lalli on the ice ...

in Finland (according to legend). *

February February is the second month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month has 28 days in common years or 29 in leap years, with the 29th day being called the ''leap day''. It is the first of five months not to have 31 days (th ...

– Domenico Morosini, doge of

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

(

House of Morosini A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...

), dies after an 8-year reign. He is succeeded by Vitale II Michiel as ruler of Venice. * May 28 – King William I (the Bad) lands with a Sicilian expeditionary force in

Apulia it, Pugliese , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographic ...

. He defeats the Byzantine army at

Brindisi Brindisi ( , ) ; la, Brundisium; grc, Βρεντέσιον, translit=Brentésion; cms, Brunda), group=pron is a city in the region of Apulia in southern Italy, the capital of the province of Brindisi, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Histo ...

and recaptures

Bari Bari ( , ; nap, label= Barese, Bare ; lat, Barium) is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, southern Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy a ...

. * June 9 – Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) marries Beatrice I, daughter of Reginald III, adding the County of Burgundy to the Holy Roman Empire. * June 18 – Pope Adrian IV comes to terms, and signs the Treaty of Benevento. He recognises the suzerainty of William I as ruler of Sicily and Italy. *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". * 1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Empi ...

– Frederick I makes the

Margraviate of Austria The Margraviate of Austria (german: Markgrafschaft Österreich) was a medieval frontier march, centered along the river Danube, between the river Enns and the Vienna Woods (''Wienerwald''), within the territory of modern Austrian provinces of Up ...

a duchy and gives the Babenberg Dynasty special privileges (the '' Privilegium Minus''). * Yuri Dolgorukiy, Grand Prince of

Kiev Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

, founds and fortifies the town of Moscow and erects a wooden

Kremlin The Kremlin ( rus, Московский Кремль, r=Moskovskiy Kreml', p=ˈmɐˈskofskʲɪj krʲemlʲ, t=Moscow Kremlin) is a fortified complex in the center of Moscow founded by the Rurik dynasty, Rurik dynasty. It is the best known of th ...

within the settlement (approximate date). * December 25 – King Sverker I (the Elder) is murdered on his way to church. He is succeeded by his rival, Eric IX (the Holy), as ruler of

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

Africa

* The independent city-state Sfax revolts against

Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 10th and 11th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norm ...

occupation. Almohad forces conquer the city and massacre the Christian citizens.

Asia

* July 28 – The Hōgen rebellion, a dispute between Emperor Go-Shirakawa and his half-brother retired-Emperor

Sutoku was the 75th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 崇徳天皇 (75)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Sutoku's reign spanned the years from 1123 through 1142. Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrys ...

, erupts in

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

By topic

Art and Science

* Mosan artists create the ''

Stavelot Triptych The Stavelot Triptych is a medieval reliquary and portable altar in gold and enamel intended to protect, honor and display pieces of the True Cross.

'', a masterpiece of Goldsmithing, as a

reliquary A reliquary (also referred to as a ''shrine'', by the French term ''châsse'', and historically including ''wikt:phylactery, phylacteries'') is a container for relics. A portable reliquary may be called a ''fereter'', and a chapel in which it i ...

to house purported pieces of the True Cross.

Births

January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...

– Matilda of England, daughter of Henry II (d.

1189 Year 1189 ( MCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. In English law, 1189 - specifically the beginning of the reign of Richard I - is considered the end of time immemorial. ...

) * October 27 –

Raymond VI Raymond VI ( oc, Ramon; October 27, 1156 – August 2, 1222) was Count of Toulouse and Marquis of Provence from 1194 to 1222. He was also Count of Melgueil (as Raymond IV) from 1173 to 1190. Early life Raymond was born at Saint-Gilles, Gard, ...

, French nobleman (d.

1222 Year 1222 ( MCCXXII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Asia * The Ghurid dynasty capital of Firozkoh (in modern-day Afghanistan) is destroyed, by Mongol ...

) *

Abu Said al-Baji Abu Said ibn Khalef ibn Yahia Al-Tamimi Al-Baji, commonly known as Sidi Bou Said ( ar, سيدي أبو سعيد الباجي; 1156–1231) was a Tunisian Sufi scholar ('' wali''). A disciple of Abu Madyan, he is mostly remembered for being Abul H ...

, Almohad

Sufi Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...

scholar (d. 1231) *

Gaucelm Faidit Gaucelm Faidit ( literally "Gaucelm the Dispossessed" c. 1156 – c. 1209) was a troubadour, born in Uzerche, in the Limousin, from a family of knights in service of the count of Turenne. He travelled widely in France, Spain, and Hungary. His ...

, French troubadour (d.

1209 Year 1209 ( MCCIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * May – The First Parliament of Ravennika, convened by Emperor Henry of Flanders, i ...

) * Hōjō Masako, Japanese noblewoman (d.

1225 Year 1225 ( MCCXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Mongol Empire * Autumn – Subutai is assigned a new campaign by Genghis Khan against the Ta ...

) * Isaac II (Angelos), Byzantine emperor (d.

1204 Year 1204 ( MCCIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events * January 27-28 – Byzantine emperor Alexios IV Angelos is overthrown in a revolution. * February 5 – Alex ...

) *

Magnus V Magnus Erlingsson ( non, Magnús Erlingsson, 1156 – 15 June 1184) was a king of Norway (being Magnus V) during the civil war era in Norway. He was the first known Scandinavian monarch to be crowned in Scandinavia. He helped to establish primoge ...

(Erlingsson), king of Norway (d.

1184 Year 1184 ( MCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * May 20 – Diet of Pentecost: Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) organises a conference ...

) *

Robert of Auxerre Robert of Auxerre (c. 1156-1212), French chronicler, was an inmate of the monastery of St Marien at Auxerre. At the request of Milo de Trainel (1155–1202), abbot of this house, he wrote a ''Chronicon'', or universal history, which covers the per ...

, French chronicler (d.

1212 Year 1212 ( MCCXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place England * July 10 – The Great Fire: The most severe of several early fires of London burn ...

) *

Sayf al-Din al-Amidi Sayf al-Din al-Amidi or Muhammad al-Amidi (b. 1156; Diyarbakır - d. 1233 in Damascus) was an influential jurist. Initially a Hanbalite, Al-Amidi belonged to the Shafi`i school and worked to combine ''kalam'' (theology) with existing methods of ju ...

, Ayyubid jurist (d.

1233 Year 1233 (Roman numerals, MCCXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * War of the Lombards: Lombard forces at Kyrenia surrender to John of Ib ...

)

Deaths

* January 17 – André de Montbard, French nobleman *

– Henry, English bishop and missionary * January 31 – Herman van Horne, bishop of Utrecht * July 20 – Toba, Japanese emperor (b.

1103 Year 1103 ( MCIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Levant * Spring – Bohemond I, Norman prince of Antioch, is released from Seljuk imprison ...

) * August 4 – Otto IV, German nobleman (b.

1083 Year 1083 ( MLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * January 6 – A Castilian army, under Count Gonzalo Salvadórez and his son-in-law R ...

) * August 12 – Blanca of Navarre, queen of Castile *

November 20 Events Pre-1600 * 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor. * 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels. *1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henry ...

– Henry I, German nobleman (b.

1115 Year 1115 ( MCXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Levant * September 14 – Battle of Sarmin: The Crusaders, under Prince Roger of Salerno, surp ...

) * December 2 – William IX, count of

Poitiers Poitiers (, , , ; Poitevin: ''Poetàe'') is a city on the River Clain in west-central France. It is a commune and the capital of the Vienne department and the historical centre of Poitou. In 2017 it had a population of 88,291. Its agglomerat ...

(b.

1153 Year 1153 ( MCLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Spring – Andronikos Komnenos, son of Isaac Komnenos, is imprisoned i ...

) * December 25 **

Peter the Venerable Peter the Venerable ( – 25 December 1156), also known as Peter of Montboissier, was the abbot of the Benedictine abbey of Cluny. He has been honored as a saint, though he was never canonized in the Middle Ages. Since in 1862 Pope Pius IX co ...

, French monk and abbot ** Sverker I (the Elder), king of

* Atsiz, Persian ruler of the Khwarazmian Empire * Domenico Morosini, doge of

(

) *

Fujiwara no Sadanobu Fujiwara no Sadanobu(藤原定信, 1088–1156) was a Heian period calligrapher. He is known primarily for his hiragana poetry transcriptions. He came from the Sesson-ji lineage of calligraphers as the son of Fujiwara no Sadazane and fifth-generat ...

, Japanese calligrapher (b.

1088 Year 1088 ( MLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Almoravid forces (supported with fighters from local Andalusian provinces), under Sult ...

) *

Fujiwara no Taishi Fujiwara no Taishi may refer to either of the following Japanese noblewomen: * Fujiwara no Taishi (died 794), wife of Prince Ate, who became Emperor Heizei after her death * Fujiwara no Taishi (died 1155), wife of Emperor Toba {{set index ...

, Japanese empress (b.

1095 Year 1095 (Roman numerals, MXCV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * March – Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, Alexios I (Komnenos) sen ...

) * Fujiwara no Yorinaga, Japanese statesman (b.

1120 Year 1120 ( MCXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Siege of Sozopolis: Byzantine forces under Emperor John II Komnenos conquer Sozopoli ...

) *

Gilbert de Gant Gilbert de Gant (Giselbert de Gand, Ghent, Gaunt) (c. 1040 – 1095) was the son of Ralph, Lord of Aalst near Ghent, and Gisele of Luxembourg, the sister-in-law of Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders. Gilbert de Gant was a kinsman of Matilda of Fl ...

, English nobleman (b.

1126 Year 1126 ( MCXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Summer – Emperor John II Komnenos re-confirms the treaty of 1082. This en ...

) *

Li Qingzhao Li Qingzhao (1084 – ca. 1155), alias Yian Jushi (Chinese: 易安居士) was a Chinese poet and essayist during the Song dynasty. She is considered one of the greatest poets in Chinese history. Biography Early life Li Qingzhao was born in ...

, Chinese female poet (b.

1084 Year 1084 ( MLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * March 31 – Emperor Henry IV besieges Rome and enters the city. He is crowned emper ...

) * Mas'ud I, Seljuk ruler of the

Sultanate of Rum fa, سلجوقیان روم () , status = , government_type = Hereditary monarchyTriarchy (1249–1254)Diarchy (1257–1262) , year_start = 1077 , year_end = 1308 , p1 = By ...

Minamoto no Tameyoshi was head of the Minamoto clan during his lifetime, and son of Minamoto no Yoshichika, son of Minamoto no Yoshiie. He led the Minamoto in the Hōgen Rebellion. Tameyoshi is also known as . Though he was most famous for his involvement in the Hōge ...

, Japanese general (b.

1096 Year 1096 ( MXCVI) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place First Crusade * Spring – Peter the Hermit begins his preaching of the First Crusade, traveling ...

) * Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, Irish king (b. 1088)

References

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