The X Army Corps was a military formation belonging to the
Spanish Republican Army that fought during the
Spanish Civil War. During the war it was deployed on the fronts of Aragon, Segre and Catalonia.
History
The unit was created in
June 1937
The following events occurred in June 1937:
June 1, 1937 (Tuesday)
*In Italy, the Ministry of Popular Culture ordered all foreign words and names to be Italianized. Louis Armstrong, for example, was to be known as Luigi Fortebraccio.
*Oldsmobil ...
, within the
Eastern Army. It covered the front line that ran from the
French border to the
Sierra de Alcubierre, with its headquarters in
Barbastro. During the following months some of its forces intervened in the offensives of
Huesca (June),
Zaragoza (August) and
Biescas
Biescas () is a municipality of northeastern Spain close to the border with France, in the midst of the Pyrenees in the province of Huesca. The name seems to provide from the term ''bizka'', which means "hill" in a Proto-Indo-European language.
T ...
(September-October), which, however, did not bear the desired results: both
Huesca and
Jaca remained in the hands of the
nationalist forces.
In the spring of 1938, during the
Aragon Campaign, the X Army Corps performed poorly. From the first moment its forces fell back from the enemy push, particularly the
31st Division, whose withdrawal —Which eventually became a rout— left the southern flank of the
43rd Division unprotected. At the beginning of
April the X Army Corps, after a long retreat, they maintained their positions on the defensive line of the
Segre River
The Segre ( or ; french: Sègre) is a river tributary to the Ebro (''Ebre'' in Catalan) with a basin comprising territories across three states: France, Andorra and Spain.
The river Segre, known to Romans and Greeks as Sicoris, and to the Arabs ...
. Some elements of its
34th Division intervened in the
Balaguer Offensive
The Balaguer Offensive was an offensive carried out by the Spanish Republican Army around Balaguer, Catalonia, during the Spanish Civil War. The offensive consisted in a series of counterattacks in the spring and summer of 1938 after the disastrou ...
at the end of
May
May is the fifth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is the third of seven months to have a length of 31 days.
May is a month of spring in the Northern Hemisphere, and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, May ...
. At the beginning of the
Catalonia Campaign the X Army Corps continued to cover the Segre line. Its troops offered resistance to the nationalist assault, although at the beginning of
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
the formation was forced to withdraw towards the French border along with the rest of the Eastern Army.
Command
; Commanders
*
José González Morales;
*
Juan Perea Capulino;
*
Miguel Gallo Martínez;
*
Rafael Trigueros Sánchez-Rojas;
*
Gregorio Jover Cortés
Gregorio Jover Cortés (Teruel, 25 October 1891 – Mexico, 22 March 1964) was an Aragonese anarcho-syndicalist and a member of the CNT during the first third of the 20th century. During the Spanish Civil War he was commander of the Ascaso Co ...
;
; Commissars
*
Julián Borderas Pallaruelo, of the
PSOE;
*
Gregorio Villacampa Gracia, of the
CNT;
*
Juan Manuel Molina, of the
CNT;
; Chiefs of Staff
* Joaquín Alonso García;
* Pascual Miñana de la Concepción;
* Magín Doménech Pujol;
* Enrique López Pérez;
Order of Battle
Notes
References
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
{{Corps of the Spanish Republic, state=expanded
Military units and formations established in 1937
Military units and formations disestablished in 1939
Corps of Spain
Military units and formations of the Spanish Civil War
Military history of Spain
Armed Forces of the Second Spanish Republic
1937 establishments in Spain
1939 disestablishments in Spain