The 105-Man Incident (
Hangul
The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The le ...
: 105인 사건;
Hanja
Hanja (Hangul: ; Hanja: , ), alternatively known as Hancha, are Chinese characters () used in the writing of Korean. Hanja was used as early as the Gojoseon period, the first ever Korean kingdom.
(, ) refers to Sino-Korean vocabulary, ...
: 百五人事件;
RR: Baego-in Sageon) or Seoncheon Incident (Hangul: 선천사건; Hanja: 宣川事件; RR: Seoncheon Sageon) took place while
Korea was under Japanese rule.
In 1911, apparently as a result of several Korean attempts in 1910 to assassinate
Terauchi Masatake
Gensui Count Terauchi Masatake ( ja, 寺内 正毅), GCB (5 February 1852 – 3 November 1919), was a Japanese military officer, proconsul and politician. He was a '' Gensui'' (or Marshal) in the Imperial Japanese Army and the Prime Minister o ...
, the
Governor-General of Korea
Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
(Chōsen Sōtoku) arrested over 700 Koreans, many of whom were
Christian. In 1912, the Governor-General sent 122 of those arrested to the Court of Justice, and 105 of them were sentenced to imprisonment with
hard labor. In the end, only six Koreans had their sentences imposed, but even they were released in 1915 after being granted
amnesty
Amnesty (from the Ancient Greek ἀμνηστία, ''amnestia'', "forgetfulness, passing over") is defined as "A pardon extended by the government to a group or class of people, usually for a political offense; the act of a sovereign power offici ...
.
Details
The incident began in
Sensen, a coastal town in
Heian-hoku Prefecture. On December 28, 1910, the American missionary
George McCune met with Terauchi. The Japanese claimed it was an assassination attempt and arrested over 700 Koreans starting in October 1911. Lead Christian members of
Sinminhoe (a Korean independence movement) were specifically targeted in the arrests, and as a result, the organization was dissolved. In particular, notable activists
Kim Gu
Kim Gu (, ; August 29, 1876 – June 26, 1949), also known by his pen name Baekbeom (백범; ), was a Korean statesman. He was the sixth, ninth, and president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea; a leader of the Korean indepen ...
, Cha Yi-seok, and Yang Jeon-baek were imprisoned. A trial of 123 defendants held on June 28, 1912, took place without evidence and confessions were extracted under torture. 105 were found to be guilty of treason and sentenced to forced labor.
Western View
Initially, westerners were accepting of the incident as they had a favorable view of the Japanese and thought it might be necessary in the time of change. However, when the missionaries began feeling victimized, they distanced themselves from the Japanese government and outside pressure finally forced them to grant amnesty to the prisoners in 1915.
See also
*
An Chang-ho
*
Yang Gi-tak
*
Yun Chi-ho
Yun Chi-ho ( Korean: 윤치호, hanja: 尹致昊, 1864 – 1945) or Tchi ho yun was an important political activist and thinker during the late 1800s and early 1900s in Joseon Korea. His penname was Jwa-ong (좌옹, 佐翁); his courtesy name w ...
*
Lim Chi Jung
*
Kim Gu
Kim Gu (, ; August 29, 1876 – June 26, 1949), also known by his pen name Baekbeom (백범; ), was a Korean statesman. He was the sixth, ninth, and president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea; a leader of the Korean indepen ...
*
Syngman Rhee
* Lee Donghui
*
Masatake Terauchi
Gensui (Imperial Japanese Army), Gensui Count Terauchi Masatake ( ja, 寺内 正毅), Order of the Bath, GCB (5 February 1852 – 3 November 1919), was a Japanese people, Japanese military officer, proconsul and politician. He was a ''Gensui (Imp ...
References
External links
105인 사건
'105인 사건'을 재조명한다The DongahIlbo 2011.11.02
/nowiki> Independence movement scholars should be reinstated] Hangyorye Feb.13,2012
‘105인 사건’은 한국교회 향한 대박해 사건아이굿뉴스
1911 in Korea
Korean independence movement
Anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea
Yun Chi-ho
Korea under Japanese rule
History of North Pyongan Province
{{korea-hist-stub