''m''-Phenylenediamine, also called 1,3-diaminobenzene, is an organic compound with the

formula In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical formula or a ''chemical formula''. The informal use of the term ''formula'' in science refers to the general construct of a relationship betwee ...

C₆H₄(NH₂)₂. It is an isomer of ''o''-phenylenediamine and ''p''-phenylenediamine. This aromatic diamine is a colourless solid that appears as needles, but turns red or purple on exposure to air due to formation of oxidation products. Samples often come as colourless flakes and may darken in storage.

Production

''m''-Phenylenediamine is produced by hydrogenation of 1,3-dinitrobenzene. The dinitrobenzene is prepared by di nitration of benzene.

Applications

''m''-Phenylenediamine is used in the preparation of various polymers including aramid fibers,

epoxy resin Epoxy is the family of basic components or cured end products of epoxy resins. Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. The epoxide functional group is also coll ...

s, wire enamel coatings and polyurea

elastomer An elastomer is a polymer with viscoelasticity (i.e. both viscosity and elasticity) and with weak intermolecular forces, generally low Young's modulus and high failure strain compared with other materials. The term, a portmanteau of ''elastic p ...

s. Other uses for ''m''-phenylenediamine include as an accelerator for adhesive resins, and as a component of dyes for leather and textiles. Basic Brown 1 (Bismarck Brown), Basic Orange 2, Direct Black 38, and Developed Black BH. In hair-dying, ''m''-phenylenediamine is a "coupling agent", used to produce blue colors.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phenylenediamine, m- Diamines Anilines