Joachim (Ḥayyim) Oppenheim, also known as Joachim Heinrich Oppenheim,
(29 September 1832 – 27 April 1891) was a Czech
rabbi
A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as ''semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of ...
and author.
He was born at
Eibenschütz,
Moravia
Moravia ( , also , ; cs, Morava ; german: link=yes, Mähren ; pl, Morawy ; szl, Morawa; la, Moravia) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia.
The me ...
. After receiving his first instruction from his father, Bernhard Oppenheim, rabbi of Eibenschütz, he went to
Brünn
Brno ( , ; german: Brünn ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 380,000 inha ...
, where he attended the
gymnasium (1849-1853), and then entered the
University of Vienna
The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich histor ...
, continuing his
Talmudic
The Talmud (; he, , Talmūḏ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the cente ...
studies under Rabbi
Lazar Horowitz
Lazar Horowitz, or Eleazar HaLevi Ish Horowitz, Eleasar ben David Josua Hoeschel Horowitz, aka El'azar Hurwitz (1803/1804, Floß, Upper Palatinate - June 11, 1868, Vöslau) was an Orthodox Rabbi who led the Orthodox Jewish community of Vienna du ...
.
[
Having graduated in 1857, he succeeded his brother David as rabbi of Jamnitz in 1858, and his father as rabbi of Eibenschütz in 1860. In 1868, he was called to serve as rabbi of ]Thorn
Thorn(s) or The Thorn(s) may refer to:
Botany
* Thorns, spines, and prickles, sharp structures on plants
* ''Crataegus monogyna'', or common hawthorn, a plant species
Comics and literature
* Rose and Thorn, the two personalities of two DC Com ...
.[ He held this last rabbinate until his death on 27 April 1891, in ]Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...
, where he had undergone a surgical operation.[
Of Oppenheim's independent publications, only two ]sermons
A sermon is a religious discourse or oration by a preacher, usually a member of clergy. Sermons address a scriptural, theological, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief, law, or behavior within both past and present contexts. El ...
are known, entitled "''Das Tal-Gebet''" (Vienna, 1862); but he was a frequent contributor to Jewish scientific magazines, writing by preference in Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...
. Oppenheim contributed to Zecharias Frankel
Zecharias Frankel, also known as Zacharias Frankel (30 September 1801 – 13 February 1875) was a Bohemian-German rabbi and a historian who studied the historical development of Judaism. He was born in Prague and died in Breslau. He was the foun ...
's "''''", S. Sonneschein's "''Homiletische Monatsschrift''", Joseph Isaac Kobak's "''Jeschurun''", "'' Ha-Maggid''", "''Ha-Karmel
''Ha-Karmel'' () was a Hebrew periodical, edited and published by Samuel Joseph Fuenn in Vilna from 1860 to 1880. It was one of the important forces of the Haskalah movement in the Russian Empire.
History
''Ha-Karmel'' was founded by Samuel Joseph ...
''", "''Ha-Shaḥar
''Ha-Shaḥar'' () was a Hebrew-language monthly periodical, published and edited at Vienna by Peretz Smolenskin from 1868 to 1884.
The journal contained scientific articles, essays, biographies, and literature, as well as general Jewish news. The ...
''", "''Bet Talmud''", and to various Hebrew year-books.[
His history of the compilation of the ]Mishnah
The Mishnah or the Mishna (; he, מִשְׁנָה, "study by repetition", from the verb ''shanah'' , or "to study and review", also "secondary") is the first major written collection of the Jewish oral traditions which is known as the Oral Torah ...
, "''Toledot ha-Mishnah''",Presburg
Bratislava (, also ; ; german: Preßburg/Pressburg ; hu, Pozsony) is the capital and largest city of Slovakia. Officially, the population of the city is about 475,000; however, it is estimated to be more than 660,000 — approximately 140% of ...
, 1882.[
Oppenheim was married to Helene Oppenheim (1839-1929).][ Their son, ]Berthold Oppenheim
Berthold Oppenheim (1867–1942) was the rabbi of Olomouc,''Jewish Encyclopedia'' bibliography:
* Sokolow, ''Sefer Zikkaron'', pp. 126-127, Warsaw, 1889;
*idem, '' Ha-Asif'', vi. 126-127. Moravia, from 1892 to 1939. He was murdered in 1942 at the ...
, was the rabbi of Olmütz
Olomouc (, , ; german: Olmütz; pl, Ołomuniec ; la, Olomucium or ''Iuliomontium'') is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 99,000 inhabitants, and its larger urban zone has a population of about 384,000 inhabitants (2019).
Located on th ...
.
''Jewish Encyclopedia'' bibliography:
* Sokolow, ''Sefer Zikkaron'', pp. 126-127, Warsaw, 1889;
*idem, '' Ha-Asif'', vi. 126-27.
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Oppenheim, Joachim
1832 births
1891 deaths
19th-century male writers
19th-century German rabbis
Hebrew-language writers
Jewish non-fiction writers
Jewish religious writers
People from Ivančice
University of Vienna alumni
Moravian rabbis