I with crossbars - uppercase and lowercase

Small capital In typography, small caps (short for "small capitals") are characters typeset with glyphs that resemble uppercase letters (capitals) but reduced in height and weight close to the surrounding lowercase letters or text figures. This is techni ...

I is an additional letter of the

Latin alphabet The Latin alphabet or Roman alphabet is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered with the exception of extensions (such as diacritics), it used to write English and the o ...

similar in its dimensions to the letter " i" but with a shape based on , its capital form. Although is usually an allograph of the letter I, it is considered as an additional letter in the

African reference alphabet An African reference alphabet was first proposed in 1978 by a UNESCO-organized conference held in Niamey, Niger, and the proposed alphabet was revised in 1982. The conference recommended the use of single letters for a sound (that is, a phoneme) ...

and has been used as such in some publications in

Kulango languages The Kulango or Kulango–Lorhon languages are spoken principally in Ivory Coast. They were once classified as part of an expanded Gur languages, Gur (Voltaic) family and are now part of the Savanna languages, Savannas proposal. The languages dist ...

Côte d'Ivoire Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is ...

in the 1990s. In the

International Phonetic Alphabet The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic transcription, phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standa ...

, the lowercase small capital I is used as the symbol for the

near-close near-front unrounded vowel The near-close front unrounded vowel, or near-high front unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , i.e. a small capital letter ''i ...

Encoding

Until Unicode 8.0.0 (2015), uppercase I with crossbars was not yet encoded. To fill out the gap, a number of fonts contained a non-standard glyph, or used a code point from Private Use Area of

Unicode Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard,The formal version reference is is an information technology Technical standard, standard for the consistent character encoding, encoding, representation, and handling of Character (computing), text expre ...

. But this oddity has gone since the 9.0 version of Unicode (2016). *

: ** Capital Ɪ: since Unicode 9.0.0 (2016) ** Lowercase ɪ: since Unicode 1.0 *

ISO 6438 ISO 6438:1983, ''Documentation — African coded character set for bibliographic information interchange'', is an ISO standard for an 8-bit character encoding for African languages. It has had little use (such as being available through UNIMARC). I ...

: ** Capital �: ''missing'' ** Lowercase ɪ: 0xBF

Glyphs

serif In typography, a serif () is a small line or stroke regularly attached to the end of a larger stroke in a letter or symbol within a particular font or family of fonts. A typeface or "font family" making use of serifs is called a serif typeface ...

(and some other)

typeface A typeface (or font family) is the design of lettering that can include variations in size, weight (e.g. bold), slope (e.g. italic), width (e.g. condensed), and so on. Each of these variations of the typeface is a font. There are list of type ...

s the letter usually has ''two'' crossbars, which distinguishes it from the lowercase ( dotless I), otherwise

homoglyph In orthography and typography, a homoglyph is one of two or more graphemes, characters, or glyphs with shapes that appear identical or very similar. The designation is also applied to sequences of characters sharing these properties. Synoglyphs ...

ical, but whose upper serif has another configuration.

Bibliography

* Pascal Boyeldieu, Stefan Elders, Gudrun Miehe. 2008. ''Grammaire koulango (parler de Bouna, Côte d’Ivoire)''. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe. . * Diocèse de Bondoukou Nassian. 1992. ''Syllabaire koulango: réservé aux élèves des cours bibliques en Koulango (Inspiré par les syllabaires de la Société Internationale de Linguistique, collection: « Je lis ma langue », Nouvelles Éditions Africaines / EDICEF)''. Nassian: Diocèse de Bondoukou. * Ahoua, F., & Adouakou, S. (2009). ''Parlons agni indénié. Côte d’Ivoire.'' Paris: L’Harmattan. * UNESCO. 1980. ''Alphabet africain de référence''. Paris: UNESCO, Secteur de la Culture et de la Communication. {{DEFAULTSORT:I Small Caps Phonetic transcription symbols Latin-script letters Vowel letters