Železnice (german: Eisenstadtel) is a town in
Jičín District
Jičín District ( cs, okres Jičín) is a district ('' okres'') within the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Jičín.
List of municipalities
Bačalky –
Bašnice –
Běchary –
Bílsko u Hořic ...
in the
Hradec Králové Region of the
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
. It has about 1,400 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an
urban monument zone.
Administrative parts
The villages of Březka, Cidlina, Doubravice, Pekloves, Těšín and Zámezí are administrative parts of Železnice.
Etymology
The name is derived from the Czech adjective ''železná'', meaning 'iron'. The word ''železnice'' also means 'railway' in modern Czech.
Geography
Železnice is located about north of
Jičín and northwest of
Hradec Králové. It lies mostly in the
Jičín Uplands
Jičín (; german: Jitschin or ''Gitschin'') is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation.
Th ...
. The northern part of the municipal territory belongs to the
Ještěd–Kozákov Ridge
The Ještěd–Kozákov Ridge (; cs, Ještědsko-kozákovský hřbet) is a ridge and geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is part of the Western Sudetes. The vast majority lies in the Liberec Region.
Geomorphology
Ještěd–Ko ...
and includes the highest point of Železnice, the hill Hůra at above sea level. The
Cidlina
Cidlina () is a river in the Czech Republic, draining south from its source in Tábor hill near Lomnice nad Popelkou through Jičín, Nový Bydžov and Chlumec nad Cidlinou, merging with the Elbe at Libice nad Cidlinou. Cidlina is 87.3 kilometres ...
River flows through the rural part of the territory. There are several small fishponds around the town.
History
The first written mention of Železnice is from 1318. In 1514, it was referred to as a
market town
A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rural ...
, and probably in 1599, it was promoted to a town. In 1788 and 1826, the town was badly damaged by large fires. In 1903, the railway through Železnice was built.
Demographics
Transport
Železnice is located on the railway line
Hradec Králové–
Turnov.
Sights
After the fire in 1826, the town buildings in the historic centre were restored in a unified
Neoclassical style. This buildings has mostly been preserved to this day and forms a unique urban complex. The town hall was built in 1826.
The Church of Saint Giles was built on the site of an old Romanesque church from the 13th century after it was destroyed during the
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (80 ...
, and rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1727–1739.
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Notable people
* Tavík František Šimon (1877–1942), painter, etcher and woodcutter
Twin towns – sister cities
Železnice is twinned with:
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zeleznice
Cities and towns in the Czech Republic