Sheikh Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a ...

Hasan ibn Sheikh ‘Adī II () is a holy and historical figure in that is revered in Yazidism and considered the physical or earthly incarnation of Melik Şêxsin, one of the Seven Divine Beings to whom God assigned the World's affairs. Melik Şêxsin is associated with the Pen and consequently with writing and books, he is thus called Xudanê Qelemê (The Master of the Pen). Adani Sheikhs are the descendants of Sheikh Hasan and were traditionally the only ones in

Yazidi society Yazidis or Yezidis (; ku, ئێزیدی, translit=Êzidî) are a Kurmanji-speaking endogamous minority group who are indigenous to Kurdistan, a geographical region in Western Asia that includes parts of Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran. The majo ...

that had the privilege to acquire the art of writing and reading.

Historical biography

Şêx Hesen was the son of Sheikh Adi II, who was the son of Abu Sakhr ibn Barakat. The Yazidis enjoyed a widespread geographical and political authority during the reign of Şêx Hesen and under his term of office, traditional Kurdish beliefs and myths began to reassert themselves as part of the local religious tradition and eventually became an integral part of the community's culture. More significantly, the growing political influence of Şêx Hesen and the community which was dominated by local Kurds led to unease amongst their neighbors. The result of this was a crackdown on the community, and under the order of the

Atabeg Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince. The first instance of the title's use was wit ...

of Mosul, Badr al-Din Lu'lu', Şêx Hesen and two hundred of his followers were executed. The execution of Şêx Hesen marked the beginning of a huge military campaign against the Yazidis in 652 AH/1254 CE. The forces of Badr al-Din Luʾluʾ entered the temple of

Lalish Lalish ( ku, لالش, translit=Laliş, also known as Lalişa Nûranî) is a mountain valley and temple in Shekhan, Duhok Governorate in Iraq. It is the holiest temple of the Yazidis. It is the location of the tomb of the Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir, ...

, had the bones of Sheikh Adi exhumed and burned. They crucified and killed the captive Yazidis whom they found in the temple. In response, Yazidis regained control of

Hakkari Hakkari or Hakkâri may refer to: *Hakkari (historical region), a historical region in modern-day Turkey and Iraq *Hakkâri (city), a city and the capital of Hakkâri Province, Turkey *Hakkâri Province Hakkâri Province (, tr, Hakkâri ili, ...

and the Bahdinan region which included Dasin Mount, from Badr al-Din's forces during the reign of Şêx Hesen's successor, Sharfadin. However, this triumph was short-lived, as Sharfadin was killed by the Mongols in 652 AH/ 1257 CE.

Works

* The Book of Illumination for the People of Solitude

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheikh Hasan ibn Sheikh Adi II Adawiyya Sufi Order Year of birth unknown Yazidi mythology Yazidi holy figures Scribes