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was a
; however Ōno was also a major stronghold of the ''Ikkō-ikki">DF 7 of 80/nowiki>">DF 7 of 80">"Asa ...
; however Ōno was also a major stronghold of the ''Ikkō-ikki'' movement. After both the Asakura and the ''Ikkō-ikki'' were destroyed by Oda Nobunaga in 1575, he assigned the area to his general Kanamori Nagachika under the regional control of Shibata Katsuie. Kanamori began the construction of Ōno Castle using the latest contemporary designs, and the castle was completed by 1580.
Kanamori was subsequently promoted to governor of
was a feudal domain
A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. The concept or ...
under the Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...
of Edo period
The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characteriz ...
Japan. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003). It was based at Ōno Castle in Echizen Province
was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern portion of Fukui Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Echizen bordered on Kaga, Wakasa, Hida, and Ōmi Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit. Its abbreviated form ...
in what is now the center of modern-day city of Ōno, Fukui
is a city located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 33,640 in 11,747 households and the population density of 39 persons per km2. The total area of the city was . The town is encircled by a ring of mountains ...
.
History
During the early Sengoku period, the area around Ōno was under the control of theAsakura clan
The is a Japanese kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003).html" ;"title="DF 7 of 80">"Asakura", ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 3 DF_7_of_80">"Asa_...
;_however_Ōno_was_also_a_major_stronghold_of_the_''Ikkō-ikki.html" ;"title="DF 7 of 80/nowiki>">DF 7 of 80">"Asa ...Hida Province
was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern portion of Gifu Prefecture in the Chūbu region of Japan. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Wakasa''" in . Hida bordered on Echizen, Mino, Shinano, Etchū, and Kaga Provinc ...
in 1586, and the area was assigned by Toyotomi Hideyoshi
, otherwise known as and , was a Japanese samurai and ''daimyō'' (feudal lord) of the late Sengoku period regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan.Richard Holmes, The World Atlas of Warfare: Military Innovations that Changed the Cour ...
to Aoki Kazunori
was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi-Momoyama period who served the Toyotomi clan
The was a Japanese clan that ruled over the Japanese before the Edo period.
Unity and conflict
The most influential figure within the Toyotomi was Toyo ...
followed by Oda Hidekatsu
Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1991). ''The Cambridge History of Japan'', volume 4, p. 115 was a Japanese samurai, and the fourth son of the famed feudal warlord Oda Nobunaga and was adopted by Toyotomi Hideyoshi at a young age.
At the time of N ...
. After the Battle of Sekigahara
The Battle of Sekigahara (Shinjitai: ; Kyūjitai: , Hepburn romanization: ''Sekigahara no Tatakai'') was a decisive battle on October 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month) in what is now Gifu prefecture, Japan, at the end of ...
, the entire province of Echizen was assigned by Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan, which ruled Japan from 1603 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was one of the three "Great Unifiers" of Japan, along with his former lord Oda Nobunaga and fellow ...
to his second son, Yūki Hideyasu
was a Japanese samurai who lived during the Azuchi–Momoyama and early Edo periods. He was the ''daimyō'' of Fukui Domain in Echizen.
Early life
Hideyasu was born as in 1574, the second son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, by Lady Oman (also known as L ...
in 1601 as Fukui Domain. In 1624, Fukui Domain was divided, with Yūki Hideyasu's third son, Matsudaira Naomasa
The was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture). During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of th ...
being awarded a 55,000 ''koku
The is a Chinese-based Japanese unit of volume. 1 koku is equivalent to 10 or approximately , or about . It converts, in turn, to 100 shō and 1000 gō. One ''gō'' is the volume of the "rice cup", the plastic measuring cup that is supplied ...
'' fief centered at Ōno. This became Ōno Domain. Naomasa was transferred to Matsumoto Domain
250px, Matsumoto Castle, administrative headquarters of Matsumoto Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It is located in Shinano Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Matsumoto Castle, located in ...
in 1633 and was replaced by his younger brother Matsudaira Naomoto
The was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture). During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of t ...
in 1635. Naomoto was then transferred to Yamagata Domain
was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Yamagata Castle in what is now the city of Yamagata. Unlike some ''han'' whose control was relatively stable throughout ...
in 1644, and was replaced by his younger brother, Matsudaira Naoyoshi
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It is located in Echigo Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Itoigawa Jin'ya, located in what is now part of the city of Itoigawa in Niigata Prefecture.
History
Ito ...
. Naoyoshi's son Matsudaira Naoakira
The was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture). During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of th ...
was in turn transferred to Himeji Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Harima Province in what is now the southern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture. It was centered around Himeji Castle, which is located in what is now the ...
in 1682.
The domain was then assigned to a cadet branch of the Doi clan under Doi Toshifusa. The Doi clan would rule Ōno for the next eight generations until the Meiji restoration
The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ...
. Throughout its history, Ōno suffered from severe financial problems; however, Doi Toshitada (1811-1869) implemented substantial reforms and introduced ''rangaku
''Rangaku'' (Kyūjitai: /Shinjitai: , literally "Dutch learning", and by extension "Western learning") is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Wester ...
'' and western technology. Although a small domain, Ōno was noted in the Bakumatsu period
was the final years of the Edo period when the Tokugawa shogunate ended. Between 1853 and 1867, Japan ended its isolationist foreign policy known as and changed from a feudal Tokugawa shogunate to the modern empire of the Meiji govern ...
for its westernised army and its han school
The was an educational institution in the Edo period of Japan, originally established to educate children of ''daimyō'' (feudal lords) and their retainers in the domains outside of the capital. These institutions were also known as ''hangaku' ...
.
Holdings at the end of the Edo period
Like most domains in thehan system
( ja, 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Han"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 283. or (daimyo domain) s ...
, Ōno Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned ''kokudaka
refers to a system for determining land value for taxation purposes under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo-period Japan, and expressing this value in terms of ''koku'' of rice. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Koku"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 54 ...
'', based on periodic cadastral
A cadastre or cadaster is a comprehensive recording of the real estate or real property's metes-and-bounds of a country.Jo Henssen, ''Basic Principles of the Main Cadastral Systems in the World,'/ref>
Often it is represented graphically in a cad ...
surveys and projected agricultural yields,Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987)''Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century,'' p. 18
At the time of the ending of the Tokugawa shogunate, the domain also had four trading posts in central
Karafuto
Karafuto Prefecture ( ja, 樺太庁, ''Karafuto-chō''; russian: Префектура Карафуто, Prefektura Karafuto), commonly known as South Sakhalin, was a prefecture of Japan located in Sakhalin from 1907 to 1949.
Karafuto became t ...
.
*Echizen Province
was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern portion of Fukui Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Echizen bordered on Kaga, Wakasa, Hida, and Ōmi Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit. Its abbreviated form ...
**85 villages in Ōno District
**13 villages in Nyū District
** 4 villages in Karafuto
Karafuto Prefecture ( ja, 樺太庁, ''Karafuto-chō''; russian: Префектура Карафуто, Prefektura Karafuto), commonly known as South Sakhalin, was a prefecture of Japan located in Sakhalin from 1907 to 1949.
Karafuto became t ...
List of ''daimyō''
Doi Toshifusa
was the 1st Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain inEchizen Province
was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern portion of Fukui Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Echizen bordered on Kaga, Wakasa, Hida, and Ōmi Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit. Its abbreviated form ...
under the Edo period
The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characteriz ...
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...
. Toshifusa was the fourth son of the ''tairō
''Tairō'' (, "great elder") was a high-ranking official position in the Tokugawa shogunate government of Japan, roughly comparable to the office of prime minister. The ''tairō'' presided over the governing ''rōjū'' council in the event of an e ...
'' Doi Toshikatsu
was a top-ranking official in Japan's Tokugawa shogunate during its early decades, and one of the chief advisors to the second Tokugawa shōgun, Hidetada.
The adopted son of Doi Toshimasa, Toshikatsu is generally believed to be the biological ...
. In 1644, at the age of 13, his father ordered that he establish a cadet branch of the clan and assigned him a fief of 10,000 ''koku
The is a Chinese-based Japanese unit of volume. 1 koku is equivalent to 10 or approximately , or about . It converts, in turn, to 100 shō and 1000 gō. One ''gō'' is the volume of the "rice cup", the plastic measuring cup that is supplied ...
''. He was granted the courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).
In some co ...
of ''Noto-no-kami'' and court rank of Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade in 1646. His revenues were doubled to 20,000 ''koku'' in 1658. In 1661, he served as a ''sōshaban
were officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo period Japan. Conventional interpretations have construed this Japanese title as "master of ceremonies"
Created in 1632, this '' bakufu'' title identified an official selected from the ranks of the ...
'' and is 1663 as a ''wakadoshiyori
The ', or "Junior Elders", were high government officials in the Edo period Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate (1603-1867). The position was established around 1633, but appointments were irregular until 1662. The four to six ''wakadoshiyori'' we ...
''. He received an additional 5,000 ''koku'' in 1670. From 1679 to 1681, he was appointed a ''rōjū
The , usually translated as '' Elder'', was one of the highest-ranking government posts under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. The term refers either to individual Elders, or to the Council of Elders as a whole; under the first two ''sh ...
'' under Shōgun
, officially , was the title of the military dictators of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, though during part of the Kamakur ...
Tokugawa Ietsuna
was the fourth ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan who was in office from 1651 to 1680. He is considered the eldest son of Tokugawa Iemitsu, which makes him the grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
E ...
, and received an additional 15,000 ''koku'', bringing his estate to a total of 40,000 ''koku''. His court rank was also increased to Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade and he gained the additional courtesy title of ''jijū''. In 1682, he became ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. His wife was a daughter of Tsugaru Nobuyoshi
was the 3rd ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Tosa-no-kami,'' and his Court rank was Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade.
Biography
Tsugaru Nobuyos ...
of Hirosaki Domain
Hirosaki Castle, the seat of the Hirosaki Domain
, also known as , was a '' tozama'' feudal domain of Edo period JapanRavina, Mark. (1998) ''Land and Lordship in Early Modern Japan,'' p. 222 It is located in Mutsu Province, in northern Honshū ...
. He died in 1683.
Doi Toshitomo
was the 2nd Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. Toshitomo was the eldest son of Doi Toshifusa and therefore the grandson of the ''tairō
''Tairō'' (, "great elder") was a high-ranking official position in the Tokugawa shogunate government of Japan, roughly comparable to the office of prime minister. The ''tairō'' presided over the governing ''rōjū'' council in the event of an e ...
'' Doi Toshikatsu
was a top-ranking official in Japan's Tokugawa shogunate during its early decades, and one of the chief advisors to the second Tokugawa shōgun, Hidetada.
The adopted son of Doi Toshimasa, Toshikatsu is generally believed to be the biological ...
. He was born at the domain's residence in Kandabashi, Edo. Although the eldest son, he was born to a concubine and was raised by a retainer after the birth of his younger brother Toshiyoshi to Toshifusa's official wife; however, on his father's death in 1683, he inherited the title of ''daimyō''. He underwent the ''genpuku
is a Japanese coming-of-age ceremony which dates back to Japan's classical Nara Period (710–794 AD). /sup> This ceremony marked the transition from child to adult status and the assumption of adult responsibilities. The age of participat ...
'' ceremony in 1688 and received the courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).
In some co ...
of ''Kai-no-kami'' and court rank of Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade. When Honda Shigemasu of Maruoka Domain was dispossessed by the shogunate in 1695, he was assigned to oversee the transfer, and in 1696 he was appointed to the post of ''Osaka Kaban''. These assignments placed a severe strain on the domain's finances, and fearing a peasant revolt, he was forced to apply for a reduction in then domain's taxes in 1697. In 1722, he served as a ''sōshaban
were officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo period Japan. Conventional interpretations have construed this Japanese title as "master of ceremonies"
Created in 1632, this '' bakufu'' title identified an official selected from the ranks of the ...
'', but during the same year, the domain's Edo residence burned down, once again creating a financial crisis. In 1730, he was able to clear the domain's debts by issuing paper money
A banknote—also called a bill (North American English), paper money, or simply a note—is a type of negotiable promissory note, made by a bank or other licensed authority, payable to the bearer on demand.
Banknotes were originally issued ...
. In 1741, citing illness, he resigned as ''sōshaban'' and in 1743, he turned the domain over to his son and took the tonsure. He died at Ōno Castle in 1745. His wife was a daughter of Inaba Masanori
was a ''daimyō'' of Odawara Domain in Sagami Province (modern-day Kanagawa Prefecture) in early-Edo period Japan. His courtesy title was '' Mino no Kami''.
Biography
Inaba Masanori was the second son of the previous daimyō of Odawara, Inaba ...
of Odawara Domain
250px, Odawara Castle, Headquarters of the Odawara Domain
was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located primarily in western Sagami Province (modern-day Kanagawa Prefecture). It was centered on Odawara Castle in what is now the city of Odawar ...
.
Doi Toshihiro
was the 3rd Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. Toshihiro was the eldest son of Doi Toshitomo and was born at the domain's residence in Mejirodai, Edo. Hiscourtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).
In some co ...
was ''Iga-no-kami'' and court rank was Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade. He became ''daimyō'' on the retirement of his father in 1743. During his short tenure, he codified many of the laws and regulations of the domain. He died in Edo in 1746 at the young age of 29. His wife was a daughter of Sengoku Masafusa of Izushi Domain
was a Han (Japan), feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tajima Province in what is now the northern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture. It was centered initially around Izushi Castle in what is now th ...
.
Doi Toshisada
was the 4th Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. Toshisada was the eldest son of Doi Toshihiro and was born to a concubine at the domain's residence in Sugikaibashi, Edo. Hiscourtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).
In some co ...
was ''Noto-no-kami'' and court rank was Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade. He became ''daimyō'' on the death of his father in 1745; however, due to his age, domain affairs were managed by senior retainers during his minority. He was appointed Osaka kaban in 1759; however, through the remaining years of his tenure, the domain suffered from fires, repeated crop failures and continuing financial crisis, cumulated in a peasant revolt from 1787 to 1789. He retired in favour of his adopted son in 1805, and died at the domain's Meijirodai residence in 1807. His wife was a daughter of Sakai Tadazumi of Himeji Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Harima Province in what is now the southern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture. It was centered around Himeji Castle, which is located in what is now the ...
.
Doi Toshinori
was the 5th Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. Toshinori was born inHikone
280px, Hikone City Hall
is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 111,958 in 49066 households and a population density of 570 persons per km². The total area of the city is .
Geography
Hikone i ...
as the tenth son of Ii Naohide of Hikone Domain
was a '' fudai'' feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It was located in eastern Ōmi Province, in the Kansai region of central Honshu. The domain was centered at Hikone Castle, located in what is now the city of ...
. In 1791, he married Matsu, the fourth daughter of Doi Toshisada and was adopted as heir. His courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).
In some co ...
was ''Ukyo-no-suke'', later ''Nakatsukasa-no-shoyu'', and his court rank was Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade. In 1797, Matsu died and he remarried to the daughter of Okabe Nagatomo of Kishiwada Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Izumi Province in what is now the southern portion of modern-day Osaka Prefecture. It was centered around Kishiwada Castle and was controlled by the '' fudai dai ...
. He became ''daimyō'' on the retirement of Doi Toshisada in 1805. In 1808, he was granted the courtesy title of ''Kai-no-kami'' and in 1809, the title of ''Miki-no-kami''. He died in 1818 at the domain's Mejirodai residence.
Doi Toshikata
was the 6th Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. Toshikata was born in Edo as the eleventh son of Kuze Hiroyasu ofSekiyado Domain
was a Han (Japan), feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Shimōsa Province (the northern portion of Chiba Prefecture and southern portion of Ibaraki Prefecture in modern-day, Japan). It was centered on Sekiyad ...
. In 1809, he married Toshi, the daughter of Doi Toshinori and was adopted as heir He became ''daimyō'' in 1810 on Toshinori's retirement. His courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but rather is used through custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).
In some co ...
was ''Kai-no-kami'', and his court rank was Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade. In 1812, he was appointed ''Osaka Kaban'', and like his predecessors, found that this was a severe strain on the domain's finances. However, he did not take any action, preferring to let his retainers worry about such issues. He died in 1818 at Ōno Castle without male heir.
Doi Toshitada
was the 7th Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. He was noted for reforming the domain by establishing ahan school
The was an educational institution in the Edo period of Japan, originally established to educate children of ''daimyō'' (feudal lords) and their retainers in the domains outside of the capital. These institutions were also known as ''hangaku' ...
based on ''rangaku
''Rangaku'' (Kyūjitai: /Shinjitai: , literally "Dutch learning", and by extension "Western learning") is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Wester ...
'' teachings and structuring the domain's military along western lines. He also reformed the domain's legal codes and finances, and established a network of stores throughout central Japan for trading goods and lending money. Although the domain was landlocked, he also purchased ships and was a major force in the Edo period development of Karafuto
Karafuto Prefecture ( ja, 樺太庁, ''Karafuto-chō''; russian: Префектура Карафуто, Prefektura Karafuto), commonly known as South Sakhalin, was a prefecture of Japan located in Sakhalin from 1907 to 1949.
Karafuto became t ...
(Sakhalin).
Doi Toshitsune
was the 8th (and final) Doi ''daimyō'' of Ōno Domain. Toshitsune was the third son of Toshitada and was born in Ōno. HIs wife was a daughter of Doi Toshinori ofKoga Domain
file:Koga castle kannonjikuruwa dorui.jpg, alt=, Site of Koga Castle, administrative headquarters of Koga Domain
was a Han (Japan), feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It is located in Shimōsa Province, Honshū. The d ...
. He accompanied his father to Edo in 1862, and became ''daimyō'' later the same year. In 1863, he accompanied Shōgun
, officially , was the title of the military dictators of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, though during part of the Kamakur ...
Tokugawa Ieshige
Tokugawa Ieshige; 徳川 家重 (January 28, 1712 – July 13, 1761) was the ninth ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan.
The first son of Tokugawa Yoshimune, his mother was the daughter of Ōkubo Tadanao, known as Osuma no kata. ...
to Kyoto
Kyoto (; Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. Located in the Kansai region on the island of Honshu, Kyoto forms a part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kobe. , the ci ...
. In 1864, the domain used a scorched earth
A scorched-earth policy is a military strategy that aims to destroy anything that might be useful to the enemy. Any assets that could be used by the enemy may be targeted, which usually includes obvious weapons, transport vehicles, communi ...
strategy to keep the forces of the Mito Rebellion
The , also called the Kantō Insurrection or the , was a civil war that occurred in the area of Mito Domain in Japan between May 1864 and January 1865. It involved an uprising and terrorist actions against the central power of the Shogunate in fav ...
from crossing into its territory, burning down hundreds of houses and farms near its border, and thus creating much resentment by the local inhabitants. In 1865, with the start of the Boshin War
The , sometimes known as the Japanese Revolution or Japanese Civil War, was a civil war in Japan fought from 1868 to 1869 between forces of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and a clique seeking to seize political power in the name of the Imperi ...
, the domain quickly defeated to the Imperial side, and sent its forces to participate in the Battle of Hakodate
The was fought in Japan from December 4, 1868 to June 27, 1869, between the remnants of the Tokugawa shogunate army, consolidated into the armed forces of the rebel Ezo Republic, and the armies of the newly formed Imperial government (composed ...
. In 1869, Toshitsune was appointed imperial governor until the abolition of the han system
The in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (, ''daimyō'', feudal lords) ...
in 1871. In 1884, he was awarded the title of ''shishaku'' (viscount) in the new ''kazoku
The was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. They succeeded the feudal lords () and court nobles (), but were abolished with the 1947 constitution.
Kazoku ( 華族) should not be confused with ' ...
'' peerage.
See also
* List of HanReferences
External links
"Fukui" at Edo 300
{{Authority control Domains of Japan 1871 disestablishments in Japan States and territories disestablished in 1871 History of Fukui Prefecture 1624 establishments in Japan Echizen Province Akashi-Matsudaira clan Maebashi-Matsudaira clan Matsue-Matsudaira clan Doi clan