''İkdam'' ("Effort") was a newspaper in the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

and

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

. In the period of its publication, in the city of

Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...

, it became the most popular newspaper.Selcuk Aksin Somel. (2003). ''Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire''. Scarecrow Press. , 9780810866065. p
128129

Ahmet Cevdet Oran Ahmet Cevdet Oran (mostly known as Ahmet Cevdet; 1862–27 May 1935) was a Turkish journalist who founded an influential newspaper, ''İkdam'' which was in circulation between 1894 and 1928. He was one of the early Turkish journalists who employ ...

established the paper in 1894, and the first issue appeared on 23 September. It initially advocated for

Turkism Pan-Turkism is a political movement that emerged during the 1880s among Turkic intellectuals who lived in the Russian region of Kazan (Tatarstan), Caucasus (modern-day Azerbaijan) and the Ottoman Empire (modern-day Turkey), with its aim be ...

, but held a critical attitude towards the

Committee of Union and Progress The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى جمعيتی, translit=İttihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti, script=Arab), later the Union and Progress Party ( ota, اتحاد و ترقى فرقه‌سی, translit=İttihad ve Tera ...

after the

Young Turk Revolution The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire. The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), an organization of the Young Turks movement, forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the Ottoman Consti ...

had occurred. Yakup Karaosmanoğlu was a journalist with ''İkdam'' during the

Turkish War of Independence The Turkish War of Independence "War of Liberation", also known figuratively as ''İstiklâl Harbi'' "Independence War" or ''Millî Mücadele'' "National Struggle" (19 May 1919 – 24 July 1923) was a series of military campaigns waged by th ...

.Edebiyatogretmeni.net
''Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu''

Google translated
' Following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey the paper objected the policies of the Turkish government, including making

Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...

the capital city instead of Istanbul as well as the presidency of

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, or Mustafa Kemal Pasha until 1921, and Ghazi Mustafa Kemal from 1921 Surname Law (Turkey), until 1934 ( 1881 – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish Mareşal (Turkey), field marshal, Turkish National Movement, re ...

. Partly due to its dissident approach the ownership of the paper was changed, and it became an asset of

Ali Naci Karacan Ali Naci Karacan (1896 – 7 July 1955) was a Turkish journalist and publisher. He was involved in founding the Turkish daily newspapers ''Akşam'' (1918) and ''Milliyet'' (1955), and his family, including grandson Ali Naci Karacan, built up a pub ...

. The paper was disestablished in 1928.

References

External links

* 1894 establishments in the Ottoman Empire 1928 disestablishments in Turkey Defunct newspapers published in the Ottoman Empire Defunct newspapers published in Turkey Newspapers published in Istanbul Publications established in 1894 Publications disestablished in 1928 Turkish-language newspapers {{Ottoman-stub