İ, or i, called dotted I or i- dot, is a letter used in the

Latin-script alphabets The lists and tables below summarize and compare the letter inventories of some of the Latin-script alphabets. In this article, the scope of the word "alphabet" is broadened to include letters with tone marks, and other diacritics used to represe ...

of Azerbaijani, Crimean Tatar, Gagauz, Kazakh,

Tatar The Tatars ()Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different

, and

Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

. It commonly represents the

close front unrounded vowel The close front unrounded vowel, or high front unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound that occurs in most spoken languages, represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet by the symbol i. It is similar to the vowel sound in the English wo ...

, except in Kazakh where it additionally represents the

voiced palatal approximant The voiced palatal approximant, or yod, is a type of consonant used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j, and in the Americanist phonetic no ...

and the diphthongs and . All of the languages it is used in also use its dotless counterpart I while not using the basic Latin letter I.

In computing

Unicode does not encode the lowercase form of İ separately, and instead merges it with the lowercase form of the Latin letter I. John Cowan proposed disunification of plain Ii as capital letter dotless I and small letter I with dot above to make the casing more consistent. The Unicode Technical Committee had previously rejected a similar proposal because it would corrupt mapping from character sets with dotted and dotless I and corrupt data in these languages. Most Unicode software lowercases ''İ'' to ''i'', but, unless specifically configured for Turkish, it uppercases ''i'' to ''I''. Thus lowercasing then uppercasing changes the letters. In the

Microsoft Windows SDK Microsoft Windows SDK, and its predecessors Platform SDK, and .NET Framework SDK, are software development kits (SDKs) from Microsoft that contain documentation, header files, libraries, samples and tools required to develop applications for Micr ...

, beginning with

Windows Vista Windows Vista is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was the direct successor to Windows XP, which was released five years before, at the time being the longest time span between successive releases of ...

, several relevant functions have a NORM_LINGUISTIC_CASING flag, to indicate that for Turkish and Azerbaijani locales, ''i'' should map to ''İ''. In the

LaTeX Latex is an emulsion (stable dispersion) of polymer microparticles in water. Latexes are found in nature, but synthetic latexes are common as well. In nature, latex is found as a milky fluid found in 10% of all flowering plants (angiosperms ...

typesetting language the dotted ''İ'' can be written using the normal accenting method (i.e. \.). Dotted İ is problematic in the Turkish locales of several software packages, including Oracle DBMS,

PHP PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development. It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1993 and released in 1995. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group ...

, Java (software platform), and Unixware 7, where implicit capitalization of names of keywords, variables, and tables has effects not foreseen by the application developers. The C or US English locales do not have these problems. The

.NET Framework The .NET Framework (pronounced as "''dot net"'') is a proprietary software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows. It was the predominant implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) until bein ...

has special provisions to handle the 'Turkish ''i. Ectaco ML320 Turkish error

In some

Ectaco ECTACO Inc. (East-Coast Trading American Company Incorporated) is a US-based developer and manufacturer of hardware and software products for speech recognition and electronic translation. They also make jetBook eBook readers. Speech recognit ...

translators, the letter ''İ'' was also treated as ''I'' (e.g. ''TRAFIK'' , when it is normally ''TRAFİK'').

Usage in other languages

Both the dotted and dotless I can be used in transcriptions of

Rusyn Rusyn may refer to: * Rusyns, Rusyn people, an East Slavic people ** Pannonian Rusyns, Pannonian Rusyn people, a branch of Rusyn people ** Lemkos, a branch of Rusyn (or Ukrainian) people ** Boykos, a branch of Rusyn (or Ukrainian) people * Rusyn l ...

to allow distinguishing between the letters Ы and И, which would otherwise be both transcribed as "y", despite representing different phonemes. Under such transcription the dotted İ would represent the Cyrillic І, and the dotless I would represent either Ы or И, with the other being represented by "Y".

References

External links

Unicode chart
*Tex Texin

accessed 15 Nov 2005 {{Latin script, I, dot I-dot Turkish language I

In computing

See also

Usage in other languages

References

External links