Émile Lisbonne (20 June 1876 – 21 December 1947) was a French lawyer and Radical politician. He was briefly Minister of Health in 1933, and again for a few days in 1934.
Early years
Émile Lisbonne was born on 20 June 1876 in
Nyons
Nyons (; See mistralian norm, and classical norm of Provençal.) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.
History
Nyons was settled in the 6th century BC as ''Nyrax'' by a Gallic tribe, probably the Segusiavi or the Sequ ...
, Drôme.
He was a relative of
Eugène Lisbonne
Eugene is a common male given name that comes from the Greek εὐγενής (''eugenēs''), "noble", literally "well-born", from εὖ (''eu''), "well" and γένος (''genos''), "race, stock, kin".1881 law on freedom of the press.
His father was Jules Lisbonne, an attorney in Nyons, municipal councilor and deputy mayor.
Émile Lisbonne attended the ''lycée'' in
Avignon
Avignon (, ; ; oc, Avinhon, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal or , ; la, Avenio) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of So ...
, then studied at the Faculty of Law in Aix-en-Provence and the Faculty of Law in Paris.
Lisbonne's father died in 1900 and he had to support his mother and two sisters.
He became a prosecutor, and served in various different courts in France.
He enlisted in the army at the start of
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
(1914–18) and served with bravery.
As a magistrate he was sometimes called to sit on military tribunals, and was shocked by some of the expedient judgments.
As a senator he would be rapporteur of a bill to establish a special court of military justice.
National politics
Lisbonne ran in the by-election on 6 January 1924 that followed the death of the senator for the
Drôme
Drôme (; Occitan: ''Droma''; Arpitan: ''Drôma'') is the southernmost department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. Named after the river Drôme, it had a population of 516,762 as of 2019.
, and was elected in the second round of voting.
He sat with the Democratic and Radical Left and Radical Socialist group.
After his election he was named honorary vice-president of the tribunal of the Seine.
He was reelected in the first round on 20 October 1929.
He was chosen
Minister of Health A health minister is the member of a country's government typically responsible for protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare and other social security services.
Some governments have separate ministers for mental health.
Coun ...
in the first ministry of
Albert Sarraut
Albert-Pierre Sarraut (; 28 July 1872 – 26 November 1962) was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic.
Biography
Sarraut was born on 28 July 1872 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France.
On 14 March 1907 Sarraut, ...
on 27 October 1933.
The ministry fell on 24 November 1933.
Lisbonne was Minister of Health in the cabinet of
Édouard Daladier
Édouard Daladier (; 18 June 1884 – 10 October 1970) was a French Radical-Socialist (centre-left) politician, and the Prime Minister of France who signed the Munich Agreement before the outbreak of World War II.
Daladier was born in Carpentr ...
that took office on 30 January 1934.
It was replaced after a few days by the Doumerge cabinet of 9 February 1934.
Lisbonne was one of the few left-wing Radicals in the senate.
Later he left the Radical party and joined the socialists.
He was one of the few senators who gave their support to the
Popular Front
A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault".
More generally, it is "a coalition ...
in 1936.
He was defeated in the elections of 23 October 1938.
Later career
Lisbonne continued to serve in the general council of the Drôme as representative for
Buis-les-Baronnies
Buis-les-Baronnies (; Vivaro-Alpine: ''Lo Bois dei Baroniás'') is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.
Geography
Buis-les-Baronnies is located on the right bank of the river Ouvèze (Buis-les-Baronnies as a town has limits ...
.
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
(1939–45) the
Vichy regime
Vichy France (french: Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was the fascist French state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II. Officially independent, but with half of its terr ...
dissolved the general councils.
Lisbonne, who was closely associated with the left, was placed under house arrest in
Aveyron
Aveyron (; oc, Avairon; ) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as ''Aveyronnais'' (masculine) or ''Aveyronnaises'' (feminine) in French. The inhabitants o ...
.
He returned to the Drôme after the
Liberation of France
The liberation of France in the Second World War was accomplished through diplomacy, politics and the combined military efforts of the Allied Powers of World War II, Allied Powers, Free French forces in London and Africa, as well as the French R ...
.
In 1947 he was named a member of the Superior Council of the Magistracy.
Lisbonne died in Paris on 21 December 1947 at the age of 71.