Échichens

Echichens is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges.

The municipalities of Colombier, Monnaz and Saint-Saphorin-sur-Morges merged on 1 July 2011 into the municipality of Echichens.Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz
published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 17 February 2011

History

Echichens is first mentioned in 1131 as ''Chichens''. Colombier is first mentioned in 937 as ''Columbaris''. Monnaz is first mentioned in 1200 as ''Monna''. In 1221 it was mentioned as ''Muna''. Saint-Saphorin-sur-Morges is first mentioned in 1171 as ''Sancti Simphoriani''.

Geography

Echichens has an area, , of . Of this area, or 71.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 9.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 21.3% is settled (buildings or roads).
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 13.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.7%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 3.1%. Out of the forested land, 4.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.7% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 46.9% is used for growing crops and 6.2% is pastures, while 18.2% is used for orchards or vine crops.

The municipality was part of the Morges District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Echichens became part of the new district of Morges.Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz
accessed 4 April 2011

The municipality is located on a vineyard covered hill above the Morges river and Lake Geneva. It consists of the village of Echichens and the hamlets of Joulens and Le Vernay.

Coat of arms

Before merge, the blazon of the municipal coat of arms was ''Azure, three ganders two and one Argent.''

Demographics

Echichens has a population () of . , 15.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008
accessed 19 June 2010 Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 0.4%. It has changed at a rate of 8.3% due to migration and at a rate of -8.1% due to births and deaths.
accessed 23-June-2011

Most of the population () speaks French (997 or 89.1%), with German being second most common (44 or 3.9%) and Portuguese being third (22 or 2.0%). There are 11 people who speak Italian.

Of the population in the municipality 197 or about 17.6% were born in Echichens and lived there in 2000. There were 458 or 40.9% who were born in the same canton, while 212 or 18.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 212 or 18.9% were born outside of Switzerland.

In there were 7 live births to Swiss citizens and 4 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 21 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 14 while the foreign population increased by 4. There was 1 Swiss man and 2 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 6 non-Swiss men and 6 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 1 and the non-Swiss population increased by 21 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.0%.

The age distribution, , in Echichens is; 98 children or 9.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 114 teenagers or 11.2% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 99 people or 9.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 118 people or 11.6% are between 30 and 39, 159 people or 15.6% are between 40 and 49, and 151 people or 14.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 91 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 84 people or 8.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 70 people or 6.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 37 people or 3.6% who are 90 and older.Canton of Vaud Statistical Office
accessed 29 April 2011

, there were 504 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 503 married individuals, 72 widows or widowers and 40 individuals who are divorced.STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000
accessed 2 February 2011

, there were 357 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. There were 81 households that consist of only one person and 36 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 382 households that answered this question, 21.2% were households made up of just one person and there were 3 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 104 married couples without children, 148 married couples with children There were 13 single parents with a child or children. There were 8 households that were made up of unrelated people and 25 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 119 single family homes (or 54.3% of the total) out of a total of 219 inhabited buildings. There were 46 multi-family buildings (21.0%), along with 25 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (11.4%) and 29 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (13.2%). Of the single family homes 14 were built before 1919, while 10 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (35) were built between 1981 and 1990. The most multi-family homes (11) were built between 1981 and 1990 and the next most (10) were built between 1961 and 1970. There were 3 multi-family houses built between 1996 and 2000.Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen
accessed 28 January 2011

there were 391 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 131. There were 12 single room apartments and 141 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 330 apartments (84.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 51 apartments (13.0%) were seasonally occupied and 10 apartments (2.6%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%.

Historic population

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)
ImageSize = width:1100 height:500
PlotArea = height:350 left:100 bottom:90 right:100
Legend = columns:3 left:220 top:70 columnwidth:160
AlignBars = justify
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:2300
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:500 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:100 start:0
Colors=
id:EC value:yellowgreen legend:Echichens
id:CO value:green legend:Colombier
id:MO value:blue legend:Monnaz
id:SA value:red legend:Saint-Saphorin-sur-Morges
PlotData=
color:yellowgreen width:30 mark:(line,white) align:center
bar:1764 from:start till:140 text:"140" color:EC
bar:1850 from: 0 till:300 text:"300" color:EC
bar:1860 from: 0 till:282 text:"282" color:EC
bar:1870 from: 0 till:346 text:"346" color:EC
bar:1880 from: 0 till:395 text:"395" color:EC
bar:1890 from: 0 till:380 text:"380" color:EC
bar:1900 from: 0 till:358 text:"358" color:EC
bar:1910 from: 0 till:382 text:"382" color:EC
bar:1920 from: 0 till:386 text:"386" color:EC
bar:1930 from: 0 till:409 text:"409" color:EC
bar:1940 from: 0 till:361 text:"361" color:EC
bar:1950 from: 0 till:393 text:"393" color:EC
bar:1960 from: 0 till:471 text:"471" color:EC
bar:1970 from: 0 till:673 text:"673" color:EC
bar:1980 from: 0 till:639 text:"639" color:EC
bar:1990 from: 0 till:926 text:"926" color:EC
bar:2000 from: 0 till:1119 text:"1,119" color:EC
bar:1850 from: 300 till:663 text:"363" color:CO
bar:1860 from: 282 till:662 text:"380" color:CO
bar:1870 from: 346 till:755 text:"409" color:CO
bar:1880 from: 395 till:802 text:"407" color:CO
bar:1890 from: 380 till:761 text:"381" color:CO
bar:1900 from: 358 till:733 text:"375" color:CO
bar:1910 from: 382 till:759 text:"377" color:CO
bar:1920 from: 386 till:712 text:"326" color:CO
bar:1930 from: 409 till:719 text:"310" color:CO
bar:1940 from: 361 till:660 text:"299" color:CO
bar:1950 from: 393 till:678 text:"285" color:CO
bar:1960 from: 471 till:737 text:"266" color:CO
bar:1970 from: 673 till:924 text:"251" color:CO
bar:1980 from: 639 till:964 text:"325" color:CO
bar:1990 from: 926 till:1258 text:"332" color:CO
bar:2000 from: 1119 till:1575 text:"456" color:CO
bar:1850 from: 663 till:822 text:"159" color:MO
bar:1860 from: 662 till:811 text:"149" color:MO
bar:1870 from: 755 till:896 text:"141" color:MO
bar:1880 from: 802 till:938 text:"136" color:MO
bar:1890 from: 761 till:911 text:"150" color:MO
bar:1900 from: 733 till:872 text:"139" color:MO
bar:1910 from: 759 till:887 text:"128" color:MO
bar:1920 from: 712 till:824 text:"112" color:MO
bar:1930 from: 719 till:852 text:"133" color:MO
bar:1940 from: 660 till:775 text:"115" color:MO
bar:1950 from: 678 till:786 text:"108" color:MO
bar:1960 from: 737 till:851 text:"114" color:MO
bar:1970 from: 924 till:1052 text:"128" color:MO
bar:1980 from: 964 till:1128 text:"164" color:MO
bar:1990 from: 1258 till:1464 text:"206" color:MO
bar:2000 from: 1575 till:1854 text:"279" color:MO
bar:1850 from: 822 till:1038 text:"216" color:SA
bar:1860 from: 811 till:1039 text:"228" color:SA
bar:1870 from: 896 till:1119 text:"223" color:SA
bar:1880 from: 938 till:1152 text:"214" color:SA
bar:1890 from: 911 till:1130 text:"219" color:SA
bar:1900 from: 872 till:1078 text:"206" color:SA
bar:1910 from: 887 till:1099 text:"212" color:SA
bar:1920 from: 824 till:1010 text:"186" color:SA
bar:1930 from: 852 till:1055 text:"203" color:SA
bar:1940 from: 775 till:979 text:"204" color:SA
bar:1950 from: 786 till:1008 text:"222" color:SA
bar:1960 from: 851 till:1049 text:"198" color:SA
bar:1970 from: 1052 till:1258 text:"206" color:SA
bar:1980 from: 1128 till:1347 text:"219" color:SA
bar:1990 from: 1464 till:1682 text:"218" color:SA
bar:2000 from: 1854 till:2235 text:"381" color:SA

Heritage sites of national significance

Mestral Castle is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire villages of Saint-Saphorin-sur-Morges and Colombier are part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Economy

, Echichens had an unemployment rate of 3%. , there were 33 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 36 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector. 400 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 21 businesses in this sector. There were 538 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.0% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 328. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 17, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 32 of which 18 or (56.3%) were in manufacturing and 14 (43.8%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 279. In the tertiary sector; 9 or 3.2% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was in the movement and storage of goods, 5 or 1.8% were in a hotel or restaurant, 2 or 0.7% were in the information industry, 2 or 0.7% were the insurance or financial industry, 6 or 2.2% were technical professionals or scientists, 48 or 17.2% were in education and 202 or 72.4% were in health care.

, there were 248 workers who commuted into the municipality and 361 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb
accessed 24 June 2010 Of the working population, 13.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 55% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 329 or 29.4% were Roman Catholic, while 529 or 47.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 7 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.63% of the population), and there were 147 individuals (or about 13.14% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 3 individuals (or about 0.27% of the population) who were Jewish, and 4 (or about 0.36% of the population) who were Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist and 2 individuals who belonged to another church. 132 (or about 11.80% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 38 individuals (or about 3.40% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Echichens about 334 or (29.8%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 229 or (20.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a ''Fachhochschule''). Of the 229 who completed tertiary schooling, 48.0% were Swiss men, 31.9% were Swiss women, 11.4% were non-Swiss men and 8.7% were non-Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 105 students in the Echichens school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts.Organigramme de l'école vaudoise, année scolaire 2009-2010
accessed 2 May 2011 During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 631 children of which 203 children (32.2%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 48 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 56 students in those schools. There was also 1 student who was home schooled or attended another non-traditional school.Canton of Vaud Statistical Office - Scol. obligatoire/filières de transition
accessed 2 May 2011

, there were 26 students in Echichens who came from another municipality, while 130 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

Sport

FC Echichens is the municipality's football team.

References

External links

Official website

{{DEFAULTSORT:Echichens
Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Vaud