Álvaro IX Mpanzu a Ntivila was a

ruler A ruler, sometimes called a rule, line gauge, or scale, is a device used in geometry and technical drawing, as well as the engineering and construction industries, to measure distances or draw straight lines. Variants Rulers have long ...

of the

Kingdom of Kongo The Kingdom of Kongo ( kg, Kongo dya Ntotila or ''Wene wa Kongo;'' pt, Reino do Congo) was a kingdom located in central Africa in present-day northern Angola, the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the ...

during its civil war period. He ruled from June 1669 to 1670.

Pre-Rule

He was the first member of the

House of Kimpanzu The Kimpanzu were members of the Mpanzu kanda also known as the House of Kimpanzu, one of the lineages from which the kings of Kongo were chosen during the 17th century and following Kongo's reunification under Pedro IV. They are remembered in ...

to become the king since

Afonso II Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given name recorded from the 8th century (Alfonso I of Asturias, r. 739–757) in the Christian successor states of the Visigothic kingdom in the Iberian peninsula. ...

was king at the beginning of the civil war period. Afonso II had been forced off the throne by the

House of Kinlaza The Kinlaza were members of the Nlaza kanda or House of Kinlaza, one of the ruling houses of the Kingdom of Kongo during the 17th century. It was one of the main factions during the Kongo Civil War along with the Kimpanzu and Kinkanga a Mvika ka ...

, and had set up Kimpanzu's powerbase in the mountainous Nkondo. Soyo intervened in Kongo again by invasion in 1669 and deposed the Kinlaza king Pedro III who was unsympathetic to Soyo. He fled to

Lemba Lemba may refer to: * ''Lemba'' (grasshopper), a genus of insect in the subfamily Caryandinae * Lemba people, an African ethnic group in Southern Africa ;Places * Lemba, Kinshasa, a commune in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo * Lembá ...

to start continue his reign and to fight against Kimpanzu rule.

Rule and Deposition

The da Silvas, the ruling house of Soyo, were determined to replace the king with a Kimpanzu, as they hoped he would be easier to control, considering the alliance between Soyo and the house. However even amongst the nobles of Kimpanzu were starting to resent the intervention of Soyo in Kongo affairs. In 1670, Álvaro IX was overthrown by Rafael I who preceded him as a more anti-Soyo king, who ended Soyo intervention in the kingdom.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Alvaro Ix Of Kongo Manikongo of Kongo 17th-century African people