.kz is the
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, p ...
country code
Country codes are short alphabetic or numeric geographical codes ( geocodes) developed to represent countries and dependent areas, for use in data processing and communications. Several different systems have been developed to do this. The term ...
top-level domain
A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet after the root domain. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in ...
(
ccTLD
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all t ...
) for
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
.
Registrations can be made directly at the second level or at the third level beneath categories which have specific restrictions, and are generally limited to Kazakhstan-related entities.
.kz
Second-level domains
* .com.kz – Commercial organizations; registered trademark protection.
* .edu.kz – Licensed educational organizations.
* .gov.kz – Governmental organizations.
* .mil.kz – Ministry of Defense.
* .net.kz – Licensed networks of data communications.
* .org.kz – Nonprofit organizations.
Enforcement of Internet resources on hardware and software complexes
In March 2018, new Rules went into effect and since at least 2021, these rules are being enforced. Especially Rule 16 subsection 6 is being enforced:
:''16. Use of a domain name in the space of the Kazakhstan segment of the Internet is suspended when:''
::/.../
::'' 6) placement of Internet resources on hardware and software complexes outside territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.''
::Footnote. Point 16 in the editorial office order of the Minister of Digital Development, Innovations and Aerospace Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 28.09.2020 No. 354/HҚ (put into effect upon expiry of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).
Example:
DNS for domain www.EXAMPLE.kz cannot point to a web page being hosted in a member country of the
EU. In such a case, the registry for EXAMPLE.kz will be suspended a short period and then deleted.
Google
In June 2011,
Google
Google LLC () is an American multinational technology company focusing on search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, artificial intelligence, and consumer electro ...
redirected all traffic from
google.kz to google.com in response to a demand issued by the Kazakh Ministry of Communications and Information that requires all .kz domain names to operate on physical servers within the borders of Kazakhstan.
Changes to the open Internet in Kazakhstan
Official Google Blog, June 7, 2011 Senior Vice President Bill Coughran said "creating borders on the web raises important questions for us not only about network efficiency but also about user privacy and free expression." By hosting google.kz only on servers inside Kazakhstan, "we would be helping to create a fractured Internet."
During the first half of 2017, google.kz has returned to be generally available.
.қаз
A second country code top-level domain, .қаз ("qaz") for Kazakhstan is now active. It is used with web addresses using Cyrillic letters. It was launched in March 2012, when the first site, a test site (тест.қаз, "test.qaz"), was activated.
See also
* Communications in Kazakhstan
* Internet in Kazakhstan
* Media of Kazakhstan
* Proposed top-level domain
* .бг
* .рф
* .срб
* .укр
Notes
Country code top-level domains
Internet in Kazakhstan
{{Kazakhstan-media-stub
sv:Toppdomän#K