enzymology Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

, a eparan sulfateglucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 1 () is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

:3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + eparan sulfateglucosamine

\rightleftharpoons

adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + eparan sulfateglucosamine 3-sulfate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and heparan sulfate- glucosamine, whereas its two products are

adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate Adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate is a form of an adenosine nucleotide with two phosphate groups attached to different carbons in the ribose ring. This is distinct from adenosine diphosphate, where the two phosphate groups are attached in a chain to th ...

and heparan sulfate-glucosamine 3-sulfate. This enzyme belongs to the family of

transferase A transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of di ...

s, specifically the sulfotransferases, which transfer sulfur-containing groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate: eparan sulfateglucosamine 3-sulfotransferase. Other names in common use include heparin-glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase, 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:heparin-glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase, glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase, heparan sulfate D-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase, and isoform/isozyme 1 (3-OST-1, HS3ST1). This enzyme participates in heparan sulfate biosynthesis and

glycan structures - biosynthesis 1 The terms glycans and polysaccharides are defined by IUPAC as synonyms meaning "compounds consisting of a large number of monosaccharides linked glycosidically". However, in practice the term glycan may also be used to refer to the carbohydrate p ...

Structural studies

As of late 2007, two structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes and .

References

* * * * * * EC 2.8.2 Enzymes of known structure {{2.8-enzyme-stub