enzymology Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

, a (S)-stylopine synthase () is an enzyme that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the chemical reaction :(S)-cheilanthifoline + NADPH + H + O

\rightleftharpoons

(S)-stylopine + NADP + 2 HO The 4 substrates of this enzyme are

(S)-cheilanthifoline (''S'')-Cheilanthifoline is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) which has been isolated from '' Corydalis dubia'' and ''Argemone mexicana''. (''S'')-Cheilanthifoline is metabolically derived from (''S'')-reticuline, a pivotal intermediate in the ...

NADPH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NAD ...

, H, and O, whereas its 3 products are

(S)-stylopine Tetrahydrocoptisine (also known as stylopine) is an alkaloid isolated from ''Corydalis impatiens ''Corydalis'' (from Greek ''korydalís'' "crested lark") is a genus of about 470 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family ...

, NADP, and HO. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and the other dehydrogenated. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-cheilanthifoline,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (methylenedioxy-bridge-forming). This enzyme is also called (S)-cheilanthifoline oxidase (methylenedioxy-bridge-forming). This enzyme participates in

alkaloid biosynthesis Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Some synthetic compounds of similar ...

References

* EC 1.14.21 NADPH-dependent enzymes Enzymes of unknown structure {{1.14-enzyme-stub