The Usfurids ( ar, آل عصفور, Al ʿUṣfūr) were an
Arab
The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
dynasty that in 1253 gained control of
Eastern Arabia
Eastern Arabia, historically known as al-Baḥrayn ( ar, البحرين) until the 18th century, is a region stretched from Basra to Khasab along the Persian Gulf coast and included parts of modern-day Bahrain, Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Unite ...
, including the islands of
Bahrain
Bahrain ( ; ; ar, البحرين, al-Bahrayn, locally ), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, ' is an island country in Western Asia. It is situated on the Persian Gulf, and comprises a small archipelago made up of 50 natural islands and an ...
. They were a branch of
Uqaylids
The Uqaylid dynasty () was a Shia Arab dynasty with several lines that ruled in various parts of Al-Jazira, northern Syria and Iraq in the late tenth and eleventh centuries. The main line, centered in Mosul, ruled from 990 to 1096.
History
Rise ...
who re-migrated to Arabia after the fall of their rule in Syria.
Name
The dynasty is named after its founder, ʿUṣfūr bin Rāshid (). The name ''
ʿUṣfūr'' () means small bird''.''
History
They were initially allies of the
Qarmatians
The Qarmatians ( ar, قرامطة, Qarāmiṭa; ) were a militant Isma'ilism, Isma'ili Shia Islam, Shia movement centred in Al-Ahsa Oasis, al-Hasa in Eastern Arabia, where they established a Utopia#Religious utopias, religious-utopian Socialis ...
and their successors, the
Uyunids
The Uyunid dynasty ( ar, العيونيون, al-ʿUyūnīyūn) were an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia for 163 years, from the 11th to the 13th centuries. Their sect is disputed; some sources mention they were Shia, others Sunni. They we ...
, but eventually overthrew the latter and seized power themselves. The Usfurids' takeover came after Uyunid power had been weakened by invasion in 1235 by the
Salghurid
The Salghurids ( fa, سلغُریان), also known as the Atabegs of Fars (), were a Persianate society, Persianate dynasty of Salur tribe, Salur Turkmens, Turkmen origin that ruled Fars Province, Fars, first as vassals of the Great Seljuq Empir ...
Atabeg of Fars.
The Usfurids at the beginning of their rule had a state that composed of central and eastern Arabia and even ruled parts of Oman.
After 150 years of rule the Usfurids were overthrown by the
Jarwanids whom in turn were overthrown by the
Jabrids
The Jabrids ( ar, الجبريون, al-Jabrīyūn) or Banu Jabr were an Arab dynasty that ruled all of Arabia except for Hejaz and Yemen, and expanded into Iran's southern coast, controlling the Strait of Hormuz Prominence
Their most prominent ru ...
who were also an Uqaylid dynasty.
See also
*
Yusuf al-Bahrani
Yūsuf ibn ʾAḥmad (1695–1772) ( ar, يوسف البحراني) was a Bahraini theologian and a key figure in the intellectual development of Twelver Shia Islam.
Yusuf grew up in Safavid-ruled Bahrain, at a time of intellectual ferment betwe ...
, descendant of the Usfurid dynasty
*
History of Bahrain: 10th-16th centuries
*
Jarwanid dynasty
The Jarwanid dynasty () was an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia in the 14th century.
History
The Jarwanids belonged to the clan of Bani Malik. It is disputed whether they belonged to the Banu Uqayl—the tribe of their predecessors the Usf ...
*
Uqaylid Dynasty
The Uqaylid dynasty () was a Shia Arab dynasty with several lines that ruled in various parts of Al-Jazira, northern Syria and Iraq in the late tenth and eleventh centuries. The main line, centered in Mosul, ruled from 990 to 1096.
History
Rise ...
*
Uyunid dynasty
The Uyunid dynasty ( ar, العيونيون, al-ʿUyūnīyūn) were an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia for 163 years, from the 11th to the 13th centuries. Their sect is disputed; some sources mention they were Shia, others Sunni. They we ...
*
Mirdasids
The Mirdasid dynasty ( ar, المرداسيون, al-Mirdāsiyyīn), also called the Banu Mirdas, was an Arab dynasty which ruled an Aleppo-based emirate in northern Syria and the western Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) more or less continuously fro ...
*
Kalbids
The Kalbids () were a Muslim Arab dynasty in the Emirate of Sicily, which ruled from 948 to 1053. They were formally appointed by the Fatimids, but gained, progressively, ''de facto'' autonomous rule.
History
In 827, in the midst of internal ...
References
External links
ديوان آل عصفورJordan ديوان آل عصفورسايت خاندان آل عصفور در ايران
History of Saudi Arabia
Arab dynasties
Bahraini monarchs
Banu Uqayl
Arab slave owners
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