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ǃXu (god)
ǃXu, also ǃXu꞉ba and sometimes ǃXo or ǃXo꞉ba, is a San rendering of the Khoikhoi word ''ǃKhu'' 'rich' and its derivation ''ǃKhub'' 'rich man, master', which was used by some Christian missionaries to the Khoikhoi to translate the word "Lord" in the Bible. Bleek reports that the ǂKxʼaoǁʼae rendered the word as ''ǃXo'' and the Naro as ''ǃXu꞉ba'' or ''ǃXo꞉ba'' when repeating things what the Khoikhoi had told them. It has entered the Juǀʼhoan language as the name of the Christian god. Xu, a crater on Rhea, the second largest moon of Saturn, is named for ǃXu as the supposed "Bushman" Creator. Cambridge University Press, 2001. See also *San religion The San religion is the traditional religion and mythology of the San people. It is poorly attested due to their interactions with Christianity. Gods and mythical figures ;ǀXam The ǀXam prayed to the Sun and Moon. Many myths are ascribed t ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:ǃXu (God) Names of God in Christia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San People
The San peoples (also Saan), or Bushmen, are members of various Khoe, Tuu, or Kxʼa-speaking indigenous hunter-gatherer cultures that are the first cultures of Southern Africa, and whose territories span Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho and South Africa. In 2017, Botswana was home to approximately 63,500 San people (roughly 2.8% of the population) making it the country with the highest number of San people. Definition The term "San" has a long vowel and is spelled Sān (in Khoekhoegowab orthography). It is a Khoekhoe exonym with the meaning of "foragers" and was often used in a derogatory manner to describe nomadic, foraging people. Based on observation of lifestyle, this term has been applied to speakers of three distinct language families living between the Okavango River in Botswana and Etosha National Park in northwestern Namibia, extending up into southern Angola; central peoples of most of Namibia and Botswana, extending into Zambia and Zimbabwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khoikhoi Language
The Khoekhoe language (), also known by the ethnic terms Nama (''Namagowab'') , Damara (''ǂNūkhoegowab''), or Nama/Damara and formerly as Hottentot, is the most widespread of the non-Bantu languages of Southern Africa that make heavy use of click consonants and therefore were formerly classified as Khoisan, a grouping now recognized as obsolete. It belongs to the Khoe language family, and is spoken in Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa primarily by three ethnic groups: Namakhoen, ǂNūkhoen, and Haiǁomkhoen. History The Haiǁom, who had spoken a Juu language, later shifted to Khoekhoe. The name for the speakers, ''Khoekhoen'', is from the word ''khoe'' "person", with reduplication and the suffix ''-n'' to indicate the general plural. Georg Friedrich Wreede was the first European to study the language, after arriving in ǁHui!gaeb (later Cape Town) in 1659. Status Khoekhoe is a national language in Namibia. In Namibia and South Africa, state-owned broadcasting corpo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ǂKxʼaoǁʼae
ǂKxʼaoǁʼae (pronounced , also rendered ''ǂKxʼauǁʼein''), or Gobabi ǃKung (Gobabis-ǃXû), is a southeastern dialect of the ǃKung language, spoken in Botswana (the settlements of Groote Laagte, East Hanahai, Kanagas and Ghanzi in Ghanzi District and on the commercial farms) and in Namibia (the city of Gobabis and settlements along the C22 road to Otjinene as far as Eiseb, Omaheke Region) by about 7,000 people. In Botswana, most speakers are bilingual in Naro language, Naro or Tswana language, Tswana. There are numerous spellings of the name, including ''ǁAuǁei, ǁXʼauǁʼe,'' and ''Auen''. Endonyms are ''Juǀʼhoan(si), ǃXun'' in Namibia and ''ǂXʼaoǁʼaen'' (predominantly in Botswana), meaning "northern people" in Naro. It also goes by the names ''Gobabis ǃKung'' and ''Kaukau'' (which can take the noun class prefixes in Tswana language, Tswana to give ''Mokaukau ''for one person, ''Bakaukau'' for the group and ''Sekaukau'' for the language). In Namibia, ǂKxʼao ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naro Language
Naro , also Nharo, is a Khoe language spoken in Ghanzi District of Botswana and in eastern Namibia. It is probably the most-spoken of the Tshu–Khwe languages. Naro is a trade language among speakers of different Khoe languages in Ghanzi District. There exists a dictionary. Phonology Naro has the following consonant inventory (in the IPA) as described by Miller (2011), whereas the orthographic symbols were proposed by Visser (2001):Visser originally wrote the palatal clicks with a base of , but switched to to make the language more accessible from English-language typewriters and keyboards. The phonemes /kχ/ and /kχʼ/ (spelt ⟨kg⟩ and ⟨kgʼ⟩) only contrast for some speakers: ''kgʼám'' ‘mouth’ vs. ''kgʼáù'' ‘male’. The flap /ɾ/ only occurs word-medially except in loan words. The lateral /l/ is only found in loans, and is generally substituted by medially, and by initially. Medial and may be and ; they occur initially only in ''wèé'' ‘all, bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorothea Bleek
Dorothea Frances Bleek (later Dorothy F. Bleek; born 26 March 1873, Mowbray, Cape Town – died 27 June 1948, Newlands, Cape Town) was a South African-born German anthropologist and philologist known for her research on the Bushmen (the San people) of southern Africa. Life and work Dorothea Bleek was the fifth daughter of Wilhelm Bleek, a pioneering philologist studying the languages and cultures of southern Africa in the late 1800s. Much of his work was done in partnership with his sister-in-law (Dorothy Bleek's aunt, Lucy Lloyd). The work of Dorothy Bleek was largely a continuation of her father and aunt's research, but she also made numerous notable contributions of her own to the field. Her culminating work, published after death, was the book ''A Bushman Dictionary'', still referenced today. Laurens van der Post, who liked to think of himself as "a white Bushman", credited her book ''Mantis and His Hunter'' (along with ''Specimens of Bushman Folklore'' by her father and au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juǀʼhoan Language
Juǀʼhoan (, ), also known as Southern or Southeastern ǃKung or ǃXun, is the southern variety of the ǃKung dialect continuum, spoken in northeastern Namibia and the Northwest District of Botswana by San Bushmen who largely identify themselves as '' Juǀʼhoansi''. Several regional dialects are distinguished: Epukiro, Tsumǃkwe, Rundu, Omatako and ǂKxʼauǁʼein, with Tsumǃkwe being the best described and often taken as representative. Name The name ''Juǀʼhoan'' (in the plural: ''Juǀʼhoansi'') is also rendered ''Žuǀʼhõa'' – or occasionally ''Zhuǀʼhõa'' or ''Dzuǀʼhõa'', depending on orthography. Depending on the classification, it is considered the Southern or Southeastern variety of the ǃKung (also rendered ''ǃXun'') language cluster. It may thus be referred to as ''Southern ǃKung'', ''Southeastern ǃXun'', etc. ''Juǀʼhoan'' is based on the word 'people', which is also applied to the language cluster. (see ǃKung languages for variants of those names) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Name Of The Christian God
The Bible usually uses the name of God in the singular (e.g. Ex. 20:7 or Ps. 8:1), generally using the terms in a very general sense rather than referring to any special designation of God. However, general references to the name of God may branch to other special forms which express his multifaceted attributes. The Old Testament reveals YHWH (often vocalized with vowels as "Yahweh" or "Jehovah") as the personal name of God, along with certain titles including El Elyon and El Shaddai. Jah or Yah is an abbreviation of Jahweh/Yahweh, and often sees usage by Christians in the interjection "Hallelujah", meaning "Praise Jah", which is used to give God glory. In the New Testament the terms Theos, Kyrios and Patēr (πατήρ i.e. Father in Greek) are additionally used to reference God.''Manual Of Christian Doctrine'' by Louis Berkhof (Aug 1, 2007) pages 19–20 Respect for the name of God is one of the Ten Commandments, which some Christian teachings interpret to be not only a com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Geological Features On Rhea
This is a list of named geological features on Rhea, the second largest moon of Saturn. Planetary features are approved by the International Astronomical Union's (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). Catenae A ''catena'' is a crater chain. Chasmata Rhean chasms are called chasmata. They are named after sacred places in world mythologies. Craters Rhean craters are named after figures from the mythologies of mostly non-European cultures. As of 2017, there are 128 named craters. back to top Fossae A fossa is a long, narrow depression. Lineae A linea is a long marking on a planet or moon's surface. See also * List of craters in the Solar System * List of quadrangles on Rhea References External links USGS: Rhea nomenclature {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Geological Features On Rhea Rhea (moon) Rhea (moon) Rhea () is the second-largest moon of Saturn and the ninth-largest moon in the Solar System. It is the smalles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; french: link=yes, Union astronomique internationale, UAI) is a nongovernmental organisation with the objective of advancing astronomy in all aspects, including promoting astronomical research, outreach, education, and development through global cooperation. It was founded in 1919 and is based in Paris, France. The IAU is composed of individual members, who include both professional astronomers and junior scientists, and national members, such as professional associations, national societies, or academic institutions. Individual members are organised into divisions, committees, and working groups centered on particular subdisciplines, subjects, or initiatives. As of 2018, the Union had over 13,700 individual members, spanning 90 countries, and 82 national members. Among the key activities of the IAU is serving as a forum for scientific conferences. It sponsors nine annual symposia and holds a triannual General Assembly that sets policy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by Henry VIII of England, King Henry VIII in 1534, it is the oldest university press A university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. Most are nonprofit organizations and an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by schola ... in the world. It is also the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press is a department of the University of Cambridge and is both an academic and educational publisher. It became part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, following a merger with Cambridge Assessment in 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 Country, countries, it publishes over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publishing includes more than 380 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Religion
The San religion is the traditional religion and mythology of the San people. It is poorly attested due to their interactions with Christianity. Gods and mythical figures ;ǀXam The ǀXam prayed to the Sun and Moon. Many myths are ascribed to various stars. * ǀKágge̥n (sometimes corrupted to "Cagn") is Mantis, a demiurge and hero in ǀXam folklore. He is a trickster god who can shape-shift. He and his wife ǀHúnntuǃattǃatte̥n. * ǀHúnntuǃattǃatte̥n (also known as or corrupted to "Coti"), the Dassie, adopted !Xo, Porcupine, as their daughter. * !Xo, Porcupine, as their parents ǀKágge̥n and ǀHúnntuǃattǃatte̥n, married Ichneumon, son was the Ichneumon. * /Kwammang-a, a dangerous stranger carnivore, married !Xo, son was the Ichneumon. * Ichneumon, a small, furry carnivore, mongoose. * ǂKá̦gára and ǃHãunu are brothers-in-law who fought with lightning, causing massive storms in the east. ;Other ǃXu is the Khoikhoi word ''ǃKhub'' 'rich man, maste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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