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Żegluga Bydgoska
Żegluga Bydgoska ( en, Bydgoszcz Shipping) is an inland navigation company based in Bydgoszcz. Its first existence dates back to 1869, when a shipping firm was established in then Bromberg. Since August 12, 2009, it has been integrated into Wrocław's group "OT Logistics S.A.". History Inland navigation in Bydgoszcz emerged in the 14th century, as confirmed by the earliest known written records of sailing on the Brda (river), Brda river. A shipping Corporation (feudal Europe), corporation was established in 1487, in Bydgoszcz, its statute signed by Andrzej Kościelecki, then Starosta of the city. At that time, Bydgoszcz was one of the few cities of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth which had a river shipping professional association; the others were located in Gdańsk, Toruń, Kazimierz Dolny and Jarosław. Furthermore, a Helmsman guild was created in 1591, by the City Council. At the end of the 16th century, this brotherhood consisted of about 80 steersmen and helpers, called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privately Held Company
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in the respective listed markets, but rather the company's stock is offered, owned, traded, exchanged privately, or Over-the-counter (finance), over-the-counter. In the case of a closed corporation, there are a relatively small number of shareholders or company members. Related terms are closely-held corporation, unquoted company, and unlisted company. Though less visible than their public company, publicly traded counterparts, private companies have major importance in the world's economy. In 2008, the 441 list of largest private non-governmental companies by revenue, largest private companies in the United States accounted for ($1.8 trillion) in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In 2005, using a substantially smaller pool size (22.7%) for comparison, the 339 companies on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lumber
Lumber is wood that has been processed into dimensional lumber, including beams and planks or boards, a stage in the process of wood production. Lumber is mainly used for construction framing, as well as finishing (floors, wall panels, window frames). Lumber has many uses beyond home building. Lumber is sometimes referred to as timber as an archaic term and still in England, while in most parts of the world (especially the United States and Canada) the term timber refers specifically to unprocessed wood fiber, such as cut logs or standing trees that have yet to be cut. Lumber may be supplied either rough- sawn, or surfaced on one or more of its faces. Beside pulpwood, ''rough lumber'' is the raw material for furniture-making, and manufacture of other items requiring cutting and shaping. It is available in many species, including hardwoods and softwoods, such as white pine and red pine, because of their low cost. ''Finished lumber'' is supplied in standard sizes, mostly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folwark
''Folwark''; german: Vorwerk; uk, Фільварок; ''Filwarok''; be, Фальварак; ''Falwarak''; lt, Palivarkas is a Polish word for a primarily serfdom-based farm and agricultural enterprise (a type of ''latifundium''), often very large. History Folwarks ( pl , folwarki) were operated in the Crown of Poland from the 14th century; in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 15th century; and in the joint Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from the second half of the 16th century. Folwarks also developed in the Commonwealth-controlled Ukrainian lands. The institution survived after the 18th-century partitions of the Commonwealth until the early-20th century. Folwarks aimed to produce surplus produce for export. The first folwarks were created on church- and monastery-owned lands. Later the folwark system was adopted both by the nobility (''szlachta'') and by rich peasants (singular: '' sołtys''), but the ''sołtys'' positions were eventually taken over by the ''s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blumwes' Buildings In Bydgoszcz
Carl and Wilhelm Blumwe were successful German entrepreneurs, industrialists and businessmen in today's Bydgoszcz from the second half of the 19th century. Their buildings and realizations are still standing today in the city. Blumwe family Carl Blumwe Source: Carl was born on October 20, 1827, in Chojnice. In his youth, he moved to Erfurt, where he learned the blacksmith business. He arrived in Bydgoszcz as a foreman in the Prussian Eastern Railway, around 1850, and lived at Dworcowa Street 42. In 1865, he opened his own construction and repair workshop for agricultural machinery under his name "Carl Blumwe", which moved in 1869 to a plot at Jagiellońska street 94. It was a small foundry, specialized in the manufacture of patent axle wagon and woodworking machines. In 1878, he bought from Julius Schmidt a small iron foundry on Nakelerstraße, expanded it and installed steam engines. In 1878, the firm took the name of ''C. Blumwe and Son'', since his son Wilhelm took over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franke Family In Bydgoszcz
The Franke family was an important Prussian family of Bydgoszcz, Bromberg, whose members were entrepreneurs, industrialists and businessmen from the 1820s to the eve of the World War I, First World War. Some of their edifices are still standing today in the city. Franke's family members Carl August Franke Carl August Franke arrived in Bydgoszcz, Bromberg in 1827 from Leszno, together with his wife Caroline Keymer. He established a distillery business, the ''C.A. Franke Spiritusraffinerie'' with a modest capital of 500 thalers. The workshop was located at ''Bruckenstraße 10'' (in today's Mostowa street). C.A. Franke died in 1853 in Bydgoszcz. Hermann Franke The son of Caroline and Carl, Hermann, was born on June 18, 1829, in Bydgoszcz. After the death of his father, the company passed into his hands. From that moment, the firm underwent a stable and dynamic development. In 1857, he had installed the first steam engine in the city with a 3 Horsepower, HP strength produced by Fri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of City Mayors Of Bydgoszcz
City mayor of Bydgoszcz ( pl, prezydent miasta Bydgoszczy) – is the head of the executive of Bydgoszcz. Until 1920 }) , - ! Name ! Took office ! Left office , - , Boie , 1875 , 1879 , - , Bachmann , 1879 , 1891 , - , Bräsicke (d. 1898) , 1891 , 1898 , - , Alfred Knobloch , 23 February 1899 , 30 December 1909 , - , Paul Mitzlaff Chairman of City Council also , 14 June 1910 , 23 September 1919 , - , Hugo Wolff , 23 September 1919 , 19 January 1920 Second Polish Republic (1918–1939) General Government (1939–1944) }) , 27 September 1939 , 26 October 1939 , - , Werner Kampe Nadburmistrz and Chief of City NSDAP (German: ''kreisleiter'') , ? , 18 February 1941 , - , Erich Temp Nadburmistrz , 19 February 1941 , June 1942 , - , Walther Ernst Burmistrz , June 1942 , January 1945 , - , Roman Borowski , 1945 , 1945 , - , Witold Szukaszta , 1945 , 1945 People's Republic of Poland (1945–1989) Republic of Poland (since 1990) {, class=wikitable , colspan=3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grodzka Street In Bydgoszcz
Grodzka Street is a historical street in Old Town of Bydgoszcz, Poland. The street is located in the northern part of the Old Town: it stretches along Brda River waterfront, following an east-west axis. The street starts at the intersection with Bernardyńska street and ends at Tadeusz Malczewski street's crossing. Its length is approximately 430 m. The Grodzka Street was laid out in mid-14th century, when Bydgoszcz became a charter city. Grodzka Street buildings vary greatly one from the other, beginning with the three historic granaries from late 18th century, to the all-glass similar-shape modern mBank in Bydgoszcz, which became an icon of Polish architecture. History The Grodzka Street changed names numerous times in its history. It was known from 16th century to 1750 as "Platea balnealis" ( ger, Badegasse, pl, Łazienna) for the western part, "Platea castriensis" for the eastern part. During the 19th century, it was called successively Mühlenstraße (1800–1816), then Alte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refinery
A refinery is a production facility composed of a group of chemical engineering unit processes and unit operations refining certain materials or converting raw material into products of value. Types of refineries Different types of refineries are as follows: * Petroleum oil refinery, which converts crude oil into high-octane motor spirit (gasoline/petrol), diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), kerosene, heating fuel oils, hexane, lubricating oils, bitumen and petroleum coke * Edible oil refinery which converts cooking oil into a product that is uniform in taste, smell and appearance, and stability * Natural gas processing plant, which purifies and converts raw natural gas into residential, commercial and industrial fuel gas, and also recovers natural gas liquids (NGL) such as ethane, propane, butanes and pentanes * Sugar refinery, which converts sugar cane and sugar beets into crystallized sugar and sugar syrups * Salt refinery, which cleans common salt (NaCl) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Screw Steamer
A screw steamer or screw steamship is an old term for a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine, using one or more propellers (also known as ''screws'') to propel it through the water. Such a ship was also known as an "iron screw steam ship". In the 19th century, this designation was normally used in contradistinction to the paddle steamer, a still earlier form of steamship that was largely, but not entirely, superseded by the screw steamer. Many famous ships were screw steamers, including the RMS ''Titanic'' and RMS ''Lusitania''. These massive leviathans had three or four propellers. Ships under two hundred meters in length usually only had two or one propellers. Canney, 1998 pp.26-27 Development The screw or propeller was first developed by Swedish inventor John Ericsson for the U.S. Navy. Ericsson was the principal designer of the Monitor class of vessels. In 1844, Thomas Clyde partnered with Ericsson to apply his screw-propeller to steam vessels. After several e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lock (water Navigation)
A lock is a device used for raising and lowering boats, ships and other watercraft between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways. The distinguishing feature of a lock is a fixed chamber in which the water level can be varied; whereas in a caisson lock, a boat lift, or on a canal inclined plane, it is the chamber itself (usually then called a caisson) that rises and falls. Locks are used to make a river more easily navigable, or to allow a canal to cross land that is not level. Later canals used more and larger locks to allow a more direct route to be taken. Pound lock A ''pound lock'' is most commonly used on canals and rivers today. A pound lock has a chamber with gates at both ends that control the level of water in the pound. In contrast, an earlier design with a single gate was known as a flash lock. Pound locks were first used in China during the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD), having been pioneered by the Song politician and naval ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Dietz
Heinrich Ernst Dietz, generally called Heinrich Dietz or Henryk Dietz, (1840–1901) was a Prussian rentier, member of the Bydgoszcz, Bromberg city council, member of the Landtag of Prussia, Prussian parliament and a prominent Philanthropy, philanthropist in the second half of the 19th century. Biography Heinrich ancestors were German colonists who settled in the area after the First Partition of Poland in 1772. The Dietz family branch in Bydgoszcz relates also to Hermann Dietz (1861–1944), a physician and social activist in the city. Heinrich Dietz was born on 13 March 1840, in Bromberg (name of Bydgoszcz under Prussian rule). His father was August Friedrich Dietz, a locksmith master and his mother Caroline Maria née Geschke. Heinrich Dietz's subsistence came from the small locksmith's workshop, which became later a hardware store at Nowy Rynek in downtown. In 1867, Heinrich inherited his father's company. The store grew into a relatively large warehouse for iron, metal s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
