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Šešuoliai
Šešuoliai ( pl, Szeszole) is a small town in central Lithuania. It is located just east of the Lake Šešuoliai. According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, it had 138 residents. The town's central square and street layout is protected as an urban monument. Its alternate names include Šašuoliai, Šešuolių, Shesholi, Sheshuolyay, Sušuoliai, Szeszole, and Szeszole. History The town was first mentioned in the Chronicle of Hermann von Wartberge when it was attacked by the Livonian Order in 1334. Since the times of Grand Duke Vytautas, there was an estate, which became a property of Kristinas Astikas. Sometime before 1478, Šešuoliai passed to the Bishop of Vilnius. Bishop Walerian Protasewicz sponsored construction of a Catholic church and establishment of a parish. Protasewicz also directed the priests to open a parish school, but it is known only from 1777. The settlement grew into a town and center of a volost. The town burned down in 1656 during the Russo-Polish War. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Šešuoliai Church 2
Šešuoliai ( pl, Szeszole) is a small town in central Lithuania. It is located just east of the Lake Šešuoliai. According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, it had 138 residents. The town's central square and street layout is protected as an urban monument. Its alternate names include Šašuoliai, Šešuolių, Shesholi, Sheshuolyay, Sušuoliai, Szeszole, and Szeszole. History The town was first mentioned in the Chronicle of Hermann von Wartberge when it was attacked by the Livonian Order in 1334. Since the times of Grand Duke Vytautas, there was an estate, which became a property of Kristinas Astikas. Sometime before 1478, Šešuoliai passed to the Bishop of Vilnius. Bishop Walerian Protasewicz sponsored construction of a Catholic church and establishment of a parish. Protasewicz also directed the priests to open a parish school, but it is known only from 1777. The settlement grew into a town and center of a volost. The town burned down in 1656 during the Russo-Polish War (1654 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Towns In Lithuania
Towns in Lithuania ( lt, miestelis) retain their historical distinctiveness even though for statistical purposes they are counted together with villages. At the time of the census in 2001, there were 103 cities, 244 towns, and some 21,000 villages in Lithuania. Since then three cities (Juodupė, Kulautuva, and Tyruliai) and two villages (Salakas and Jūrė) became towns. Therefore, during the 2011 census, there were 249 towns in Lithuania. According to Lithuanian law, a town is a compactly-built settlement with a population of 500–3,000 and at least half of the population works in economic sectors other than agriculture. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walerian Protasewicz
Walerian Protasewicz (also: Protaszewicz-Szuszkowski, lt, Valerijonas Protasevičius; – 31 December 1579 in Vilnius) was bishop of Lutsk (1549–1555) and Vilnius (1555–1579). Born to a family of petty Ruthenian nobles (''szlachta''), Protasewicz worked as a scribe, notary, and secretary at the chancellery of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until his appointment of bishop. He was politically active and was one of the lead Lithuanian negotiators for the Union of Lublin in 1569. He neglected religious matters and allowed the Reformation to spread. In the last decade of his life, he invited the Jesuits to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and funded the Jesuit college in Vilnius. He obtained papal and royal privileges to convert the college into Vilnius University in 1579. He donated his personal library to what became the Vilnius University Library. The university soon became a spiritual and cultural center of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as well as the major center of the Counter-Refo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties Of Lithuania
The territory of Lithuania is divided into 10 counties (Lithuanian language, Lithuanian: singular ''apskritis'', plural ''apskritys''), all named after their capitals. The counties are divided into Municipalities of Lithuania, 60 municipalities (Lithuanian: singular ''savivaldybė'', plural ''savivaldybės''): 9 city municipalities, 43 district municipalities and 8 municipalities. Each municipality is then divided into elderates (Lithuanian: singular ''seniūnija'', plural ''seniūnijos''). This division was created in 1994 and slightly modified in 2000. Until 2010, the counties were administered by county governors (Lithuanian: singular – ''apskrities viršininkas'', plural – ''apskrities viršininkai'') appointed by the central government in Vilnius. Their primary duty was to ensure that the municipalities obey the laws and the Constitution of Lithuania. They did not have great powers vested in them, and so it was suggested that 10 counties are too much for Lithuania as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Vilnius
Bishops of Vilnius (Vilna, Wilna, Wilno) diocese from 1388 and archdiocese (archdiocese of Vilnius) from 1925:"Archdiocese of Vilnius" ''''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 11, 2016"Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius" ''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 11, 2016 Auxiliary bishops * Cyprian Wiliński (Wiliski),[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilnius Voivodeship
The Vilnius Voivodeship ( la, Palatinatus Vilnensis, lt, Vilniaus vaivadija, pl, województwo wileńskie, be, Віленскае ваяводства) was one of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania's voivodeships, which existed from the voivodeship's creation in 1413 to the Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, destruction of the Lithuanian state in 1795. This voivodeship was Lithuania's largest, most politically and economically important. History File:Recueil d'armoiries polonaises COA of Vilnius Voivodeship.png, The Voivodeship's coat of arms in 1555 File:CoA Vilnius Palatinate (Chatelain, 1712).png, As depicted in 1712 File:Vilnia, Pahonia. Вільня, Пагоня (1720) (2).jpg, As depicted in 1720 File:CoA Vilnius Palatinate (Starzyński, 1875).png, As depicted in 1875 1413-1566 The Vilnius Voivodeship was created instead of the Vilnius Viceroyalty () during the Pact of Horodlo, Pact of Horodło in 1413. The core of the Vilnius Voivodeship was the Vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Towns In Vilnius County
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an origin with the German word , the Dutch word , and the Old Norse . The original Proto-Germanic word, *''tūnan'', is thought to be an early borrowing from Proto-Celtic *''dūnom'' (cf. Old Irish , Welsh ). The original sense of the word in both Germanic and Celtic was that of a fortress or an enclosure. Cognates of ''town'' in many modern Germanic languages designate a fence or a hedge. In English and Dutch, the meaning of the word took on the sense of the space which these fences enclosed, and through which a track must run. In England, a town was a small community that could not afford or was not allowed to build walls or other larger fortifications, and built a palisade or stockade instead. In the Netherlands, this space was a garden, more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shtetl
A shtetl or shtetel (; yi, שטעטל, translit=shtetl (singular); שטעטלעך, romanized: ''shtetlekh'' (plural)) is a Yiddish term for the small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jewish populations which existed in Eastern Europe before the Holocaust. The term is used in the contexts of peculiarities of former East European Jewish societies as islands within the surrounding non-Jewish populace, and bears certain socio-economic and cultural connotations.Marie Schumacher-Brunhes"Shtetl" ''European History Online'', published July 3, 2015 Shtetls (or shtetels, shtetlach, shtetelach or shtetlekh) were mainly found in the areas that constituted the 19th-century Pale of Settlement in the Russian Empire as well as in Congress Poland, Austrian Galicia, Kingdom of Romania and in the Kingdom of Hungary. In Yiddish, a larger city, like Lviv or Chernivtsi, is called a ' ( yi, שטאָט), and a village is called a ' ( yi, דאָרף). "Shtetl" is a diminutive of ' with the meanin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Želva
Želva ( pl, Pozelwa) is a town in Ukmergė district municipality, Vilnius County, east Lithuania. According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, the town has a population of 457 people. History The town has a Catholic church and a synagogue. Želva is the birthplace of Nobel Prize in Chemistry ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then "M ... winner Aaron Klug. On July 26 and 27, 1941, the Jews of the town were murdered in a mass execution perpetrated by an Einsatzgruppen and local Lithuanian collaborators. 60 people were killed. See also * Pazelva, former village near Želva References Towns in Vilnius County Towns in Lithuania Vilkomirsky Uyezd Holocaust locations in Lithuania Ukmergė District Municipality {{VilniusCounty-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonas Variakojis
Jonas Variakojis (May 5, 1892 near , then the Kovno Governorate, Kaunas Governorate, Russian Empire – October 31, 1963 in St. Charles, Illinois, United States) was a Lithuanian army officer. Early life Variakojis finished the in 1913 and later studied law at the University of St. Petersburg. World War I Variakojis finished studying at the Vladimir Military School in 1917 and he was mobilized into the Imperial Russian Army, being sent to the Austrian front on the Eastern Front (World War I), Eastern Front during World War I. Lithuanian Wars of Independence In December 1918 he returned to Lithuania and joined the newly organized Lithuanian army, which was preparing to defend Lithuania against the Red Army during the Lithuanian–Soviet War. Variakojis was ordered to organize the Panevėžys Region Defence Unit (), which later became the 4th Infantry Regiment of the Lithuanian King Mindaugas, 4th Infantry Regiment. On February 7, 1919, he led the first Lithuanian battles ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Polish War (1654–67)
Armed conflicts between Poland (including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and Russia (including the Soviet Union) include: Originally a Polish civil war that Russia, among others, became involved in. Originally a Hungarian revolution but was joined with Polish force on Hungarian side against Austria and Russia. Part of the broader Russian Revolution of 1905. See also * * * * * – in most of which Kingdom of Poland was allied with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that existed from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Empire of Austria. The state was founded by Lit ... * * * * * * References {{DEFAULTSORT:Polish-Russian War Lists of military conflicts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volost
Volost ( rus, во́лость, p=ˈvoləsʲtʲ; ) was a traditional administrative subdivision in Eastern Europe. In earlier East Slavic history, ''volost'' was a name for the territory ruled by the knyaz, a principality; either as an absolute ruler or with varying degree of autonomy from the ''Velikiy Knyaz'' (Grand Prince). Starting from the end of the 14th century, ''volost'' was a unit of administrative division in Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Poland, Muscovy, lands of modern Latvia and Ukraine. Since about the 16th century it was a part of provincial districts that were called "uezd" in Muscovy and the later Russian Empire. Each uezd had several volosts that were subordinated to the uezd city. After the abolition of Russian serfdom in 1861, ''volost'' became a unit of peasant's local self-rule. A number of mirs are united into a volost, which has an assembly consisting of elected delegates from the mirs. These elect an elder ('' starshina'') and, hitherto, a court of justice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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