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Xylosyltransferase
Xylosyltransferase are transferase enzymes which act upon xylose and are classified under EC 2.4.2. More specifically, they can refer to: * Dolichyl-phosphate D-xylosyltransferase * Dolichyl-xylosyl-phosphate-protein xylosyltransferase * Flavonol-3-O-glycoside xylosyltransferase * Glycoprotein 2-beta-D-xylosyltransferase * Protein xylosyltransferase * Xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase * XYLT1 Xylosyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''XYLT1'' gene. Xylosyltransferase (XT; EC 2.4.2.26) catalyzes the transfer of UDP-xylose to serine residues within XT recognition sequences of target proteins. Addition of this x ... * XYLT2 * Zeatin O-beta-D-xylosyltransferase xylosyl transferase is the first enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycan chains, an important constituent of proteoglycans. There are two types of xylosyl transferases type I and type II. EC 2.4.2 {{2.4-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XYLT1
Xylosyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''XYLT1'' gene. Xylosyltransferase (XT; EC 2.4.2.26) catalyzes the transfer of UDP-xylose to serine residues within XT recognition sequences of target proteins. Addition of this xylose to the core protein is required for the biosynthesis of the glycosaminoglycan chains characteristic of proteoglycans. upplied by OMIMref name="entrez" /> Clinical relevance Baratela-Scott syndrome In 2012 Baratela-Scott syndrome was identified in humans. A GGC repeat expansion, and methylation of exon 1 of XYLT1 is a common pathogenic variant in Baratela-Scott syndrome. Patients with Bartarlla-Scott syndrome exhibit abnormal development of the skeleton, characteristic facial features, and cognitive developmental delay. Skeletal problems include knee cap in the wrong position, short long bones with mild changes to the narrow portion, short palm bones with stub thumbs, short thigh necks, shallow hip sockets, and malformatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein Xylosyltransferase
In enzymology, a protein xylosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction in which a beta-D- xylosyl residue is transferred from UDP-D-xylose to the sidechain oxygen atom of a serine residue in a protein. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-xylose:protein beta-D-xylosyltransferase. Other names in common use include UDP-D-xylose:core protein beta-D-xylosyltransferase, UDP-D-xylose:core protein xylosyltransferase, UDP-D-xylose:proteoglycan core protein beta-D-xylosyltransferase, UDP-xylose-core protein beta-D-xylosyltransferase, uridine diphosphoxylose-core protein beta-xylosyltransferase, and uridine diphosphoxylose-protein xylosyltransferase. This enzyme participates in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and glycan structures. Human proteins * XYLT1 Xylosyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''XYLT1'' gene. X ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XYLT2
Xylosyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''XYLT2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is an isoform of xylosyltransferase, which belongs to a family of glycosyltransferases. This enzyme transfers xylose from UDP-xylose to specific serine residues of the core protein and initiates the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycan chains in proteoglycans including chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, heparin and dermatan sulfate. Clinical significance The enzyme activity, which is increased in scleroderma patients, is a diagnostic marker for the determination of sclerotic activity in systemic sclerosis. Mutations in this gene have been shown to be the cause of the spondylo-ocular syndrome. It has also been implicated as cofactor in pseudoxanthoma elasticum Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a genetic disease that causes mineralization of elastic fibers in some tissues. The most common problems arise in the skin and eyes, and later in blood vesse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycoprotein 2-beta-D-xylosyltransferase
In enzymology, a glycoprotein 2-beta-D-xylosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :UDP-D-xylose + N4-asparagine \rightleftharpoons UDP + N4-asparagine The 5 substrates of this enzyme are UDP-D-xylose, N4-asparagine, whereas its 5 products are UDP, N4-asparagine. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-xylose:glycoprotein (D-xylose to the 3,6-disubstituted mannose of N4-asparagine) 2-beta-D-xylosyltransferase. Other names in common use include beta1,2-xylosyltransferase, UDP-D-xylose:glycoprotein (D-xylose to the 3,6-disubstituted mannose, of, 4-N-asparagine) 2-beta-D-xylosyltransferase. This enzyme participates in glycan structures - biosynthesis 1 The terms glycans and polysaccharides are defined by IUPAC as synonyms meaning "compounds consisting of a large number of monosaccharides linked glycosidically". However, in practice the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase
In enzymology, a xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction in which an alpha-D- xylosyl residue is transferred from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan, being attached by an alpha-1,6-D-xylosyl-D-glucose bond. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivial ... of this enzyme class is UDP-D-xylose:xyloglucan 1,6-alpha-D-xylosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoxylose-xyloglucan 6alpha-xylosyltransferase, and xyloglucan 6-alpha-D-xylosyltransferase. References * * EC 2.4.2 Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.4-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeatin O-beta-D-xylosyltransferase
In enzymology, a zeatin O-beta-D-xylosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ... the chemical reaction :UDP-D-xylose + zeatin \rightleftharpoons UDP + O-beta-D-xylosylzeatin Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-D-xylose and zeatin, whereas its two products are UDP and O-beta-D-xylosylzeatin. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-xylose:zeatin O-beta-D-xylosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoxylose-zeatin xylosyltransferase, and zeatin O-xylosyltransferase. References * EC 2.4.2 Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.4-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavonol-3-O-glycoside Xylosyltransferase
In enzymology, a flavonol-3-O-glycoside xylosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :UDP-D-xylose + a flavonol 3-O-glycoside \rightleftharpoons UDP + a flavonol 3- 2)-beta-D-glycoside">D-xylosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glycoside Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-D-xylose and flavonol 3-O-glycoside, whereas its two products are UDP and 2)-beta-D-glycoside">flavonol 3-[-D-xylosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glycoside Flavonols are a class of flavonoids that have the 3-hydroxyflavone backbone (IUPAC name : 3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Their diversity stems from the different positions of the phenolic -OH groups. They are distinct from flavanols (with "a ...]. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The List of enzymes, systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-xylose:flavonol-3-O-glycoside 2''-O-beta-D-xylosyltransferase. References * * EC 2.4.2 Enzymes of unknown structure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolichyl-phosphate D-xylosyltransferase
In enzymology, a dolichyl-phosphate D-xylosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :UDP-D-xylose + dolichyl phosphate \rightleftharpoons UDP + dolichyl D-xylosyl phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-D-xylose and dolichyl phosphate, whereas its two products are UDP and dolichyl D-xylosyl phosphate Dolichyl, related to Dolichol, is used in the names of: *Dolichyl beta-D-glucosyl phosphate, a molecule involved in glycosylation *Dolichyl-diphosphate—polyphosphate phosphotransferase (EC 2.7.4.20) * Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide—protein .... This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-xylose:dolichyl-phosphate D-xylosyltransferase. References * EC 2.4.2 Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.4-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xylose
Xylose ( grc, ξύλον, , "wood") is a sugar first isolated from wood, and named for it. Xylose is classified as a monosaccharide of the aldopentose type, which means that it contains five carbon atoms and includes an aldehyde functional group. It is derived from hemicellulose, one of the main constituents of biomass. Like most sugars, it can adopt several structures depending on conditions. With its free aldehyde group, it is a reducing sugar. Structure The acyclic form of xylose has chemical formula . The cyclic hemiacetal isomers are more prevalent in solution and are of two types: the pyranoses, which feature six-membered rings, and the furanoses, which feature five-membered rings (with a pendant group). Each of these rings is subject to further isomerism, depending on the relative orientation of the anomeric hydroxy group. The dextrorotary form, -xylose, is the one that usually occurs endogenously in living things. A levorotary form, -xylose, can be synthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xylose
Xylose ( grc, ξύλον, , "wood") is a sugar first isolated from wood, and named for it. Xylose is classified as a monosaccharide of the aldopentose type, which means that it contains five carbon atoms and includes an aldehyde functional group. It is derived from hemicellulose, one of the main constituents of biomass. Like most sugars, it can adopt several structures depending on conditions. With its free aldehyde group, it is a reducing sugar. Structure The acyclic form of xylose has chemical formula . The cyclic hemiacetal isomers are more prevalent in solution and are of two types: the pyranoses, which feature six-membered rings, and the furanoses, which feature five-membered rings (with a pendant group). Each of these rings is subject to further isomerism, depending on the relative orientation of the anomeric hydroxy group. The dextrorotary form, -xylose, is the one that usually occurs endogenously in living things. A levorotary form, -xylose, can be synthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transferase
A transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of different biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are integral to some of life's most important processes. Transferases are involved in myriad reactions in the cell. Three examples of these reactions are the activity of coenzyme A (CoA) transferase, which transfers thiol esters, the action of N-acetyltransferase, which is part of the pathway that metabolizes tryptophan, and the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA. Transferases are also utilized during translation. In this case, an amino acid chain is the functional group transferred by a peptidyl transferase. The transfer involves the removal of the growing amino acid chain from the tRNA molecule in the A-site of the ribosome a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
