Versal Deformation
Versal may refer to: * '' Versal'', a literary magazine * Versal, choice of case in text. * Ornamental initials which are embellished, or even historiated initials such as found in an illuminated manuscript An illuminated manuscript is a formally prepared document where the text is often supplemented with flourishes such as borders and miniature illustrations. Often used in the Roman Catholic Church for prayers, liturgical services and psalms, the ...

Versal Literary Journal
''Versal'' is an English-language literary journal that publishes poetry, prose and art. It was founded in 2002 by American poet Megan M. Garr (editor) and is published by wordsinhere, a literary organization in Amsterdam, Netherlands. In 2009, Poets & Writers magazine listed ''Versal'' as One of '22 lit mags that do more for your work.' ''Versal'' publishes both new and established writers from around the world, including Argentina, Uruguay, Morocco, Romania, the United Kingdom, Germany, China, South Africa, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Croatia, Hungary, the United States, Canada, France and Australia. Its editor Megan M. Garr has, in the ''Versal'' 7 and 8 editorials, on the ''Versal'' blog and in an interview, discussed the connections between ''Versal'' and translocality. Garr was also a panelist at the 2011 Prague Microfestival of Literature at which translocality was a central theme. The text of Garr's presentation during the panel can be found oVersal's blog ''Versa ...
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Capitalization
Capitalization (American English) or capitalisation (British English) is writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (uppercase letter) and the remaining letters in lower case, in writing systems with a case distinction. The term also may refer to the choice of the casing applied to text. Conventional writing systems (orthographies) for different languages have different conventions for capitalization, for example, the capitalization of titles. Conventions also vary, to a lesser extent, between different style guides. In addition to the Latin script, capitalization also affects the Armenian, Cyrillic, Georgian and Greek alphabets. The full rules of capitalization in English are complicated. The rules have also changed over time, generally to capitalize fewer words. The conventions used in an 18th-century document will be unfamiliar to a modern reader; for instance, many common nouns were capitalized. The systematic use of capitalized and uncapitalized words in run ...
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Initial
In a written or published work, an initial capital, also referred to as a drop capital or simply an initial cap, initial, initcapital, initcap or init or a drop cap or drop, is a letter at the beginning of a word, a chapter, or a paragraph that is larger than the rest of the text. The word is derived from the Latin ''initialis'', which means ''standing at the beginning''. An initial is often several lines in height and in older books or manuscripts are known as "inhabited" initials. Certain important initials, such as the Beatus initial or "B" of ''Beatus vir...'' at the opening of Psalm 1 at the start of a vulgate Latin. These specific initials in an illuminated manuscript were also called initiums. In the present, the word "initial" commonly refers to the first letter of any word or name, the latter normally capitalized in English usage and is generally that of a first given name or a middle one or ones. History The classical tradition was slow to use capital letters fo ...
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Historiated Initial
A historiated initial is an initial, an enlarged letter at the beginning of a paragraph or other section of text, that contains a picture. Strictly speaking, a historiated initial depicts an identifiable figure or a specific scene, while an inhabited initial contains figures (human or animal) that are decorative only, without forming a subject. Both sorts became very common and elaborate in luxury illuminated manuscripts. These illustrated initials were first seen in the Insular art of the early 8th century. The earliest known example is in the Saint Petersburg Bede, an Insular manuscript of 731–46, and the Vespasian Psalter has another. The size and decoration of the initial further gives clues to both its importance and location. Letters that began a new section of a text or a particularly noteworthy section might receive more flourishes and space. They would also provide a visual point of reference, "marking the division of the text into books, chapters, paragraphs and som ...
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