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Vinyl Formate
Vinyl formate is an organic compound with the formula . It is the ester formally derived from formic acid and vinyl alcohol Vinyl alcohol, also called ethenol (IUPAC name; not ethanol), is the simplest enol. With the formula , it is a labile compound that converts to acetaldehyde. It is not a precursor to polyvinyl alcohol. Synthesis Vinyl alcohol can be formed by th .... Although rare commercially, it occurs naturally. It can be prepared by transvinylation, say by treating vinyl versatate with formic acid in the presence of a mercury(II) catalyst..{{cite journal , doi=10.1016/S0040-4020(01)97407-1, title=A novel synthesis of vinyl esters from vinylversatate-10 , year=1974 , last1=Mondal , first1=M.A.S. , last2=Van Der Meer , first2=R. , last3=German , first3=A.L. , last4=Heikens , first4=D. , journal=Tetrahedron , volume=30 , issue=23–24 , pages=4205–4207 References Monomers Vinyl esters Formates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Compound
In chemistry, organic compounds are generally any chemical compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds. Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. The study of the properties, reactions, and syntheses of organic compounds comprise the discipline known as organic chemistry. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonate salts and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide), are not classified as organic compounds and are considered inorganic. Other than those just named, little consensus exists among chemists on precisely which carbon-containing compounds are excluded, making any rigorous definition of an organic compound elusive. Although organic compounds make up only a small percentage of Earth's crust, they are of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds. Living t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides are fatty acid esters of glycerol; they are important in biology, being one of the main classes of lipids and comprising the bulk of animal fats and vegetable oils. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. They perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Phosphoesters form the backbone of DNA molecules. Nitrate esters, such as nitroglycerin, are known for their explosive properties. '' Nomenclature Etymology Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formic Acid
Formic acid (), systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid, and has the chemical formula HCOOH and structure . It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants. Esters, salts and the anion derived from formic acid are called formates. Industrially, formic acid is produced from methanol. Natural occurrence In nature, formic acid is found in most ants and in stingless bees of the genus ''Oxytrigona''. Wood ants from the genus ''Formica'' can spray formic acid on their prey or to defend the nest. The puss moth caterpillar (''Cerura vinula'') will spray it as well when threatened by predators. It is also found in the trichomes of stinging nettle (''Urtica dioica''). Apart from that, this acid is incorporated in many fruits such as pineapple (0.21mg per 100g), apple (2mg per 100g) and kiwi (1mg per 100g), as well as in many vegetables, namely onion (45mg per 100g), eggplant (1.34 mg per 100g) and, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinyl Alcohol
Vinyl alcohol, also called ethenol (IUPAC name; not ethanol), is the simplest enol. With the formula , it is a labile compound that converts to acetaldehyde. It is not a precursor to polyvinyl alcohol. Synthesis Vinyl alcohol can be formed by the pyrolytic elimination of water from ethylene glycol at a temperature of 900 °C and low pressure. Tautomerization of vinyl alcohol to acetaldehyde Under normal conditions, vinyl alcohol converts (tautomerizes) to acetaldehyde: : At room temperature, acetaldehyde () is more stable than vinyl alcohol () by 42.7 kJ/mol: : Δ''H''298,g = −42.7 kJ/mol The uncatalyzed keto–enol tautomerism by a 1,3-hydrogen migration is forbidden by the Woodward–Hoffmann rules and therefore has a high activation barrier and is not a significant pathway at or near room temperature. However, even trace amounts of acids or bases (including water) can catalyze the reaction. Even with rigorous precautions to minimize adventitious moisture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transvinylation
in organic chemistry, vinylation is the process of attaching a vinyl group () to a substrate. Many organic compounds contain vinyl groups, so the process has attracted significant interest, especially since the reaction scope includes substituted vinyl groups. The reactions can be classified according to the source of the vinyl group. Nucleophilic vinyl reagents Vinyl lithium and vinyl magnesium bromide are sources of "", which add to ketones and aldehydes. Vinylsiloxane and vinylboranes have also been used as sources of vinyl anion equivalents.These types of reactions require catalysts such as those based on palladium Palladium is a chemical element with the symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1803 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas, which was itself na .... Vinylation with alkenes The Heck reaction couples an unsaturated halide with an alkene. base (chemistry), Base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monomers
In chemistry, a monomer ( ; ''mono-'', "one" + '' -mer'', "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization. Classification Monomers can be classified in many ways. They can be subdivided into two broad classes, depending on the kind of the polymer that they form. Monomers that participate in condensation polymerization have a different stoichiometry than monomers that participate in addition polymerization: : Other classifications include: *natural vs synthetic monomers, e.g. glycine vs caprolactam, respectively *polar vs nonpolar monomers, e.g. vinyl acetate vs ethylene, respectively *cyclic vs linear, e.g. ethylene oxide vs ethylene glycol, respectively The polymerization of one kind of monomer gives a homopolymer. Many polymers are copolymers, meaning that they are derived from two different monomers. In the case of condensation polymerizations, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinyl Esters
Vinyl may refer to: Chemistry * Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a particular vinyl polymer * Vinyl cation, a type of carbocation * Vinyl group, a broad class of organic molecules in chemistry * Vinyl polymer, a group of polymers derived from vinyl monomers Materials * PVC clothing, a fabric * Vinyl composition tile, a type of floor tiling * Vinyl siding, an exterior building cladding Music * LP Records, commonly referred to as "vinyl" because they are made with PVC, a co-polymer of vinyl chloride acetate. * ''Vinyl'' (Dramarama album), 1991 * ''Vinyl'' (William Michael Morgan album), 2016 * ''Vinyl'' (EP), by Dramarama * Vinyl Solution, a record label * " Vinyl", a song by Kira Kosarin Film * ''Vinyl'' (1965 film), directed by Andy Warhol * ''Vinyl'' (2000 film), a documentary directed by Alan Zweig * ''Vinyl'' (2012 film), directed by Sara Sugarman about a 2004 musical hoax involving UK band, The Alarm Television * ''Vinyl'' (TV series), a 2016 American television ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
