|
Unique Ptr
In computer science, a smart pointer is an abstract data type that simulates a pointer while providing added features, such as automatic memory management or bounds checking. Such features are intended to reduce bugs caused by the misuse of pointers, while retaining efficiency. Smart pointers typically keep track of the memory they point to, and may also be used to manage other resources, such as network connections and file handles. Smart pointers were first popularized in the programming language C++ during the first half of the 1990s as rebuttal to criticisms of C++'s lack of automatic garbage collection. Pointer misuse can be a major source of bugs. Smart pointers prevent most situations of memory leaks by making the memory deallocation automatic. More generally, they make object destruction automatic: an object controlled by a smart pointer is automatically destroyed ( finalized and then deallocated) when the last (or only) owner of an object is destroyed, for example be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auto Ptr
In the C++ programming language, auto_ptr is an obsolete smart pointer class template that was available in previous versions of the C++ standard library (declared in the header file), which provides some basic RAII features for C++ raw pointers. It has been replaced by the unique_ptr class. The auto_ptr template class describes an object that stores a pointer to a single allocated object that ensures that the object to which it points gets destroyed automatically when control leaves a scope. The characteristics of auto_ptr are now considered unsatisfactory: it was introduced before C++11's move semantics, so it uses copying for what should be done with moves (and confusingly sets the copied-from auto_ptr to a NULL pointer). These copy semantics mean that it cannot be used in STL containers. The C++11 standard made auto_ptr deprecated, replacing it with the unique_ptr class template. auto_ptr was fully removed in C++17. For shared ownership, the shared_ptr template cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C++14
C14, C.XIV or C-14 may refer to: Time * The 14th century * Carbon-14, a radioactive isotope of carbon ** Radiocarbon dating, C-14 dating, a method for dating events Science * IEC 60320#C14, IEC 60320 C14, a polarised, three pole socket electrical connector * Head and neck cancer, Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites in the lip, oral cavity and pharynx ICD-10 code * Caldwell 14, the Double Cluster in the constellation Perseus Transportation * Autovía C-14, a highway in Catalonia in Spain * Fokker C.XIV, a 1937 Dutch reconnaissance seaplane * , a 1908 British C-class submarine * LSWR C14 class, a London and South Western Railway locomotive class * LNER Class C14, a class of British steam locomotives * Ramal C-14, the Argentinian track of the Salta–Antofagasta railway * Sauber C14, a 1995 racing car * C 14-class missile boat, a light missile boat of catamaran design * Boeing YC-14, an American experimental transport aircraft of the 1970s * Concours 14 or Kawasaki 140 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C++11
C++11 is a version of a joint technical standard, ISO/IEC 14882, by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), for the C++ programming language. C++11 replaced the prior version of the C++ standard, named C++03, and was later replaced by C++14. The name follows the tradition of naming language versions by the publication year of the specification, though it was formerly named ''C++0x'' because it was expected to be published before 2010. Although one of the design goals was to prefer changes to the libraries over changes to the core language, C++11 does make several additions to the core language. Areas of the core language that were significantly improved include multithreading support, generic programming support, uniform initialization, and performance. Significant changes were also made to the C++ Standard Library, incorporating most of the C++ Technical Report 1 (TR1) libraries, except the library ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C++17
C17, C-17 or C.17 may refer to: Transportation * , a 1917 British C-class submarine Air * Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, a military transport aircraft * Lockheed Y1C-17 Vega, a six-passenger monoplane * Cierva C.17, a 1928 English experimental autogyro Land * C-17 highway (Spain) also known as ''Eix del Congost'', a primary highway in Catalonia * Queensland C17 class locomotive * Sauber C17, a 1998 Formula One car Science and technology * C17 (C standard revision), an informal name for ISO/IEC 9899:2018, a revision of the C programming language * C17, a female two-pole IEC 60320 electrical cable connector that mates with a male C18 appliance inlet * Caldwell 17, a dwarf spheroidal galaxy of the Local Group in the constellation Cassiopeia * Carbon-17 (C-17 or 17C), an isotope of carbon * C17, a 17-Carbon molecule in chlorophyll metabolism ** Precorrin-3B C17-methyltransferase, an enzyme involved in that metabolism * Small intestine cancer (ICD-10 code) Other uses * Ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pointer (computer Programming)
In computer science, a pointer is an object in many programming languages that stores a memory address. This can be that of another value located in computer memory, or in some cases, that of memory-mapped computer hardware. A pointer ''references'' a location in memory, and obtaining the value stored at that location is known as ''dereferencing'' the pointer. As an analogy, a page number in a book's index could be considered a pointer to the corresponding page; dereferencing such a pointer would be done by flipping to the page with the given page number and reading the text found on that page. The actual format and content of a pointer variable is dependent on the underlying computer architecture. Using pointers significantly improves performance for repetitive operations, like traversing iterable data structures (e.g. strings, lookup tables, control tables, linked lists, and tree structures). In particular, it is often much cheaper in time and space to copy and deref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raw Pointer
In computer science, a pointer is an object in many programming languages that stores a memory address. This can be that of another value located in computer memory, or in some cases, that of memory-mapped computer hardware. A pointer ''references'' a location in memory, and obtaining the value stored at that location is known as ''dereferencing'' the pointer. As an analogy, a page number in a book's index could be considered a pointer to the corresponding page; dereferencing such a pointer would be done by flipping to the page with the given page number and reading the text found on that page. The actual format and content of a pointer variable is dependent on the underlying computer architecture. Using pointers significantly improves performance for repetitive operations, like traversing iterable data structures (e.g. strings, lookup tables, control tables, linked lists, and tree structures). In particular, it is often much cheaper in time and space to copy and derefer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reference Counting
In computer science, reference counting is a programming technique of storing the number of references, pointers, or handles to a resource, such as an object, a block of memory, disk space, and others. In garbage collection algorithms, reference counts may be used to deallocate objects that are no longer needed. Advantages and disadvantages The main advantage of the reference counting over tracing garbage collection is that objects are reclaimed ''as soon as'' they can no longer be referenced, and in an incremental fashion, without long pauses for collection cycles and with clearly defined lifetime of every object. In real-time applications or systems with limited memory, this is important to maintain responsiveness. Reference counting is also among the simplest forms of memory management to implement. It also allows for effective management of non-memory resources such as operating system objects, which are often much scarcer than memory (tracing garbage collection systems ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resource Management
In organizational studies, resource management is the efficient and effective development of an organization's resources when they are needed. Such resources may include the financial resources, inventory, human skills, production resources, or information technology (IT) and natural resources. In the realm of project management, processes, techniques and philosophies as to the best approach for allocating resources have been developed. These include discussions on functional vs. cross-functional resource allocation as well as processes espoused by organizations like the Project Management Institute (PMI) through their Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) methodology of project management. Resource management is a key element to activity resource estimating and project human resource management. Both are essential components of a comprehensive project management plan to execute and monitor a project successfully. As is the case with the larger discipline of project mana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deprecation
Deprecation is the discouragement of use of something human-made, such as a term, feature, design, or practice. Typically something is deprecated because it is claimed to be inferior compared to other options available. Something may be deprecated when it cannot be controlled, such as a term. Even when it can be controlled, something may be deprecated even when it might be useful for example, to ensure compatibility and it may be removed or discontinued at some time after being deprecated. Etymology In general English usage, the verb "to deprecate" means "to express disapproval of (something)". It derives from the Latin deponent verb ''deprecari'', meaning "to ward off (a disaster) by prayer". An early documented usage of "deprecate" in this sense is in Usenet posts in 1984, referring to obsolete features in 4.2BSD and the C programming language. An expanded definition of "deprecate" was cited in the Jargon File in its 1991 revision, and similar definitions are found in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operator Overloading
In computer programming, operator overloading, sometimes termed ''operator ad hoc polymorphism'', is a specific case of polymorphism, where different operators have different implementations depending on their arguments. Operator overloading is generally defined by a programming language, a programmer, or both. Rationale Operator overloading is syntactic sugar, and is used because it allows programming using notation nearer to the target domain and allows user-defined types a similar level of syntactic support as types built into a language. It is common, for example, in scientific computing, where it allows computing representations of mathematical objects to be manipulated with the same syntax as on paper. Operator overloading does not change the expressive power of a language (with functions), as it can be emulated using function calls. For example, consider variables , and of some user-defined type, such as matrices: In a language that supports operator overloadin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simula
Simula is the name of two simulation programming languages, Simula I and Simula 67, developed in the 1960s at the Norwegian Computing Center in Oslo, by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard. Syntactically, it is an approximate superset of ALGOL 60, and was also influenced by the design of SIMSCRIPT. Simula 67 introduced objects, classes, inheritance and subclasses, virtual procedures, coroutines, and discrete event simulation, and featured garbage collection. Other forms of subtyping (besides inheriting subclasses) were introduced in Simula derivatives. Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language. As its name suggests, the first Simula version by 1962 was designed for doing simulations; Simula 67 though was designed to be a general-purpose programming language and provided the framework for many of the features of object-oriented languages today. Simula has been used in a wide range of applications such as simulating very-large-scale inte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
