Trade Prohibition

	Trade Prohibition A trade prohibition is a restriction in which one country will not buy goods from another country unless certain standards are met or conditions are followed, such as labor standards and environmental standards. It is the opposite of a trade preference. An example would be a ban on goods produced from forced labor. See also * Most favored nation National treatment Trade mandate * Trade preference Trade sanctions Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted self-governing state, group, or individual. Economic sanctions are not necessarily imposed because of economic circumstances—they ma ... {{DEFAULTSORT:Trade Preference Commercial policy Protectionism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	International Labor Standards International labour law is the body of rules spanning public and private international law which concern the rights and duties of employees, employers, trade unions and governments in regulating Work (human activity) and the workplace. The International Labour Organization and the World Trade Organization have been the main international bodies involved in reforming labour markets. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank have indirectly driven changes in labour policy by demanding structural adjustment conditions for receiving loans or grants. Issues regarding Conflict of laws arise, determined by national courts, when people work in more than one country, and supra-national bodies, particularly in the law of the European Union, has a growing body of rules regarding labour rights. International labour standards refer to conventions agreed upon by international actors, resulting from a series of value judgments, set forth to protect basic worker rights, enhance workers� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Environmental Standard Environmental standards are administrative regulations or civil law rules implemented for the treatment and maintenance of the environment. Environmental standards are typically set by government and can include prohibition of specific activities, mandating the frequency and methods of monitoring, and requiring permits for the use of land or water. Standards differ depending on the type of environmental activity. Environmental standards may be used produce quantifiable and enforceable laws that promote environmental protection. The basis for the standards is determined by scientific opinions from varying disciplines, the views of the general population, and social context. As a result, the process of determining and implementing the standards is complex and is usually set within legal, administrative or private contexts. The human environment is distinct from the natural environment. The concept of the human environment considers that humans are permanently interlinked with their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Trade Preference A trade preference is a preference by one country for buying goods from some other country more than from other countries. It grants special support to one country over another. It is the opposite of a trade prohibition. For example, the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (Brexit withdrawal agreement) stated that In the UK, the Trades Union Congress (TUC) has stated that the country's trade preference system "should provide Global South countries with unilateral tariff-free access to the UK’s market on the condition of respect for fundamental ILO standards and progress towards the realisation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, in particular Goal 8 on Decent work. A preferential certificate of origin is a document attesting that goods in a particular shipment are of a certain origin under the definitions of a particular bilateral or multilateral tradin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Forced Labor Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, violence including death, or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families. Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps. Definition Many forms of unfree labour are also covered by the term forced labour, which is defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO) as all involuntary work or service exacted under the menace of a penalty. However, under the ILO Forced Labour Convention of 1930, the term forced or compulsory labour does not include: "any work or service exacted in virtue of compulsory military service laws for work of a purely military character;" "any work or service which forms part of the normal civic obligations of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	National Treatment National treatment is a principle in international law. Utilized in many treaty regimes involving trade and intellectual property, it requires equal treatment of foreigners and locals. Under national treatment, a state that grants particular rights, benefits or privileges to its own citizens must also grant those advantages to the citizens of other states while they are in that country. In the context of international agreements, a state must provide equal treatment to citizens of the other states participating in the agreement. Imported and locally produced goods should be treated equally — at least after the foreign goods have entered the market. While this is generally viewed as a desirable principle, in custom it conversely means that a state can deprive foreigners of anything of which it deprives its own citizens. An opposing principle calls for an international minimum standard of justice (a sort of basic due process) that would provide a base floor for the protection of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Trade Mandate A trade mandate is a restriction in which one country will only buy goods if a certain standard is met or conditions are followed. It grants special support to one country over another more than just a simple trade preference. It functions in a similar way to a trade prohibition, without actually formally being one. See also Trade preference Trade prohibition Trade sanctions National treatment National treatment is a principle in international law. Utilized in many treaty regimes involving trade and intellectual property, it requires equal treatment of foreigners and locals. Under national treatment, a state that grants particular right ... * Most favored nation Commercial policy {{International-law-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Trade Preference A trade preference is a preference by one country for buying goods from some other country more than from other countries. It grants special support to one country over another. It is the opposite of a trade prohibition. For example, the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (Brexit withdrawal agreement) stated that In the UK, the Trades Union Congress (TUC) has stated that the country's trade preference system "should provide Global South countries with unilateral tariff-free access to the UK’s market on the condition of respect for fundamental ILO standards and progress towards the realisation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, in particular Goal 8 on Decent work. A preferential certificate of origin is a document attesting that goods in a particular shipment are of a certain origin under the definitions of a particular bilateral or multilateral tradin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Trade Sanctions Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted self-governing state, group, or individual. Economic sanctions are not necessarily imposed because of economic circumstances—they may also be imposed for a variety of political, military, and social issues. Economic sanctions can be used for achieving domestic and international purposes. The efficacy of sanctions is debatable—there are many failures—and sanctions can have unintended consequences. Economic sanctions may include various forms of trade barriers, tariffs, and restrictions on financial transactions. Since the mid-1990s, United Nations Security Council (UNSC) sanctions have tended to target individuals and entities, in contrast to the comprehensive embargoes of earlier decades. An embargo is similar, but usually implies a more severe sanction. An embargo (from the Spanish ''embargo'', meaning hindrance, obstruction, etc. in a general sense, a trading ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Commercial Policy A commercial policy (also referred to as a trade policy or international trade policy) is a government's policy governing international trade. Commercial policy is an all encompassing term that is used to cover topics which involve international trade. Trade policy is often described in terms of a scale between the extremes of free trade (no restrictions on trade) on one side and protectionism (high restrictions to protect local producers) on the other. A common commercial policy can sometimes be agreed by treaty within a customs union, as with the European Union's common commercial policy and in Mercosur. A nation's commercial policy will include and take into account the policies adopted by that nation's government while negotiating international trade. There are several factors that can have an impact on a nation's commercial policy, all of which can have an impact on international trade policies. Theories on international trade policy Trade policy has been controversial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]