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Titanosaurs
Titanosaurs (or titanosaurians; members of the group Titanosauria) were a diverse group of sauropod dinosaurs, including genera from all seven continents. The titanosaurs were the last surviving group of long-necked sauropods, with taxa still thriving at the time of the extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous. This group includes some of the largest land animals known to have ever existed, such as ''Patagotitan''—estimated at long with a weight of —and the comparably-sized ''Argentinosaurus'' and ''Puertasaurus'' from the same region. The group's name alludes to the mythological Titans of ancient Greek mythology, via the type genus (now considered a ''nomen dubium)'' ''Titanosaurus''. Together with the brachiosaurids and relatives, titanosaurs make up the larger sauropod clade Titanosauriformes. Titanosaurs have long been a poorly-known group, and the relationships between titanosaur species are still not well-understood. Description Titanosauria have the largest ran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borealosaurus
''Borealosaurus'' is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of northern China. The type species is ''Borealosaurus wimani'', which was named in 2004. Description The type and only species is ''Borealosaurus wimani'', based on fragmentary remains from the Sunjiawan Formation of Liaoning. The morphology of a mid-distal caudal vertebra was considered suggestive of a relationship with the Mongolian titanosaur ''Opisthocoelicaudia''. However, in their overview of Cretaceous sauropod remains from Central Asia, Averianov and Sues considered ''Borealosaurus'' a non-lithostrotian titanosaur due to the lack of procoely in the middle caudal vertebrae. It was described by Hailu, Qiang, Lamanna, Jinglu and Yinxiang, in 2004. It was named from Greek ' (the North wind) and (lizard), with its specific name being given in honor of Swedish paleontologist Carl Wiman Carl Johan Josef Ernst Wiman (March 10, 1867 – June 15, 1944) was a Swedish palaeontologis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dreadnoughtus
''Dreadnoughtus'' is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur containing a single species, ''Dreadnoughtus schrani''. ''D. schrani'' is known from two partial skeletons discovered in Upper Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian; approximately 76–70 Ma) rocks of the Cerro Fortaleza Formation in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. It is one of the largest terrestrial vertebrates known, with the immature type specimen reaching in total body length and possessing the greatest mass of any land animal that can be calculated with reasonable certainty. ''D. schrani'' is known from more complete skeletons than any other gigantic titanosaurian. Drexel University paleontologist Kenneth Lacovara, who discovered the species, chose the name ''Dreadnoughtus'', which means “fears nothing", stating “I think it’s time the herbivores get their due for being the toughest creatures in an environment." Discovery and study American palaeontologist Kenneth Lacovara discovered the remains in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daxiatitan
''Daxiatitan'' (; meaning "Daxia giant" after a tributary of the Yellow River) is a genus of sauropod dinosaur known from the Lower Cretaceous of Gansu, China. Its type and only species is ''Daxiatitan binglingi'' (). It is known from a single partial skeleton consisting of most of the neck and back vertebrae, two tail vertebrae, a shoulder blade, and a thigh bone. At the time of its discovery in 2008, ''Daxiatitan'' was regarded as potentially the largest known dinosaur from China. Taxonomy ''Daxiatitan'' and its type and only species ''Daxiatitan binglingi'' were named by You Hailu, Li Daqing, Zhou Lingqi, and Ji Qiang in 2008. The holotype of ''D. binglingi'', GSLTZP03-001, was collected from the Hekou Group, in Gansu Province, and consists of ten cervical, ten dorsal, and two caudal vertebrae, cervical and dorsal ribs, a haemal arch, a scapulocoracoid, and a femur. The genus name refers to the Daxia River, a tributary of the Yellow River that runs through the area where th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choconsaurus
''Choconsaurus'' is an extinct genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur belonging to the group Titanosauriformes, which lived in the area of present-day Argentina at the end of the Cretaceous. Discovery and naming The holotype (specimen MMCh-PV 44/10) was found in Villa El Chocón in Neuquén province, Argentina by Viviana Moro before 1996. Subsequent field campaigns carried out by the Ernesto Bachmann Paleontological Museum and the Museum of Geology and Paleontology of the National University of Comahue between 1996 and 2002 discovered more remains pertaining to ''Choconsaurus'', with several of the specimens described by Calvo (1999) under "Titanosauridae indet.".Calvo, J.O. (1999). Dinosaurs and other vertebrates of the Lake Ezequiel Ramos Mexía Area, Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina. ''National Museum Monographs'' 15: 13–45. In 2017, the species type ''Choconsaurus baileywillisi'' was named and described by Edith Simón, Leonardo Salgado and Jorge Orlando Calvo. The genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamititan
''Hamititan'' (meaning "Hami giant") is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur from the Shengjinkou Formation of Xinjiang, China. It contains one species, the type species, ''Hamititan xinjiangensis''. Discovery and naming In 2006, a Konservat-Lagerstätte was reported from the Shengjinkou Formation in the Hami region of Xinjiang, China. This consisted of lake sediments allowing for exceptional preservation of fossils. The same year, Qiu Zhanxiang and Wang Banyue started official excavations. Among the excavated fossils were seven caudal vertebrae with three chevrons preserved. These were established as the holotype (HM V22) of the new sauropod taxon, ''Hamititan''. Four sacral elements, specimen IVPP V27875, were not referred. A theropod tooth was found near the sixth caudal vertebra of the holotype. It is likely that this theropod preyed on the holotype shortly after it died. The generic name refers to the city of Hami, where the holotype was found, while the specific nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brasilotitan
''Brasilotitan'' (meaning "Brazil giant") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) Adamantina Formation of Brazil. The type species is ''Brasilotitan nemophagus''. Material and morphology The holotype was collected near Presidente Prudente city, São Paulo state. It consists of a dentary, cervical and sacral vertebrae, one ungual, and remains of the pelvic region. The mandible has an 'L' shaped morphology, with the symphyseal region of the dentary slightly twisted medially, a feature never recorded before in any titanosaur. Phylogeny Although the phylogenetic position of ''Brasilotitan'' is difficult to establish, the new species is neither basal nor a derived member of Titanosauria. Based on lower jaw morphology, it appears to be closely related to ''Antarctosaurus ''Antarctosaurus'' (; meaning "southern lizard") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now South America. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypselosaurus
''Hypselosaurus'' (meaning 'highest lizard', from Greek meaning 'high' or 'lofty' and meaning 'lizard') is a dubious genus of titanosaurian sauropod that lived in southern France during the Late Cretaceous, approximately 70 million years ago in the early Maastrichtian. ''Hypselosaurus'' was first described in 1846, but was not formally named until 1869, when Phillip Matheron named it under the binomial ''Hypselosaurus priscus''. The holotype specimen includes a partial hindlimb and a pair of caudal vertebrae, and two eggshell fragments were found alongside these bones. Because of the proximity of these eggshells to the fossil remains, many later authors, including Matheron and Paul Gervais, have assigned several eggs from the same region of France all to ''Hypselosaurus'', although the variation and differences between these eggs suggest that they do not all belong to the same taxon. ''Hypselosaurus'' has been found in the same formation as the dromaeosaurids '' Variraptor'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baurutitan
''Baurutitan'' is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now Brazil. The type species, ''Baurutitan britoi'', was described in 2005 by Kellner and colleagues, although the fossil remains had already been discovered in 1957. ''Baurutitan'' is classified as a lithostrotian titanosaur, and is distinguished from related genera based on its distinctive caudal vertebrae. This South American dinosaur was found in the Serra da Galga Formation near Uberaba, in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Discovery The holotype of ''Baurutitan'' were found in 1957 by Llewellyn Ivor Price, the famous Brazilian paleontologist, in the region of Peirópolis, Minas Gerais. However, it was not until 2005 that ''Baurutitan'' was officially published and named. The works of Price in Peirópolis began in 1947 after Jesuíno Felicíssimo Junior, from the Instituto Geográfico e Geológico of São Paulo, told him about the presence of fossils in the region. Price then ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barrosasaurus
''Barrosasaurus'' is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur, first described by paleontologists Leonardo Salgado and Rodolfo Coria in 2009. The fossils, consisting of three fossil dorsal (back) vertebrae, are well-preserved but incomplete. They were discovered in the Anacleto Formation of the Neuquén province of western Argentina. The type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ... is ''Barrosasaurus casamiquelai''. The genus name is named after the Sierra Barrosa in Neuquén. The specific epithet honours the Argentinian paleontologist Rodolfo Magín Casamiquela.Salgado, Leonardo; Coria, Rodolfo A. (2009).''Barrosasaurus casamiquelai'' gen. et sp. nov., a new titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Anacleto Formation (Late Cretaceous: early Campanian) o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baotianmansaurus
''Baotianmansaurus'' (named after the Baotianman National Nature Reserve) is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur. Its fossils have been found in Upper Cretaceous rocks in Henan, China, within the Gaogou Formation. The type species is ''B. henanensis'', described in 2009. The holotype is 41H III-0200. Remains of the fossils were vertebrae, ribs and scapula fragments. It was probably a close relative of ''Opisthocoelicaudia'' and ''Dongyangosaurus ''Dongyangosaurus'' is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous. The only species is ''Dongyangosaurus sinensis'', from which only a single fragmentary skeleton is known, coming from the Zhejiang province of eastern Chin ...'' in Saltasauridae. References Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia Titanosaurs Fossil taxa described in 2009 Paleontology in Henan Taxa named by Lü Junchang {{Cretaceous-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iuticosaurus
''Iuticosaurus'' (meaning "Jute lizard") is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight. Two species have been named: ''I. valdensis'' and ''I. lydekkeri''. ''I. valdensis'' was found in the Wessex Formation and ''I. lydekkeri'' in the younger Upper Greensand. History and taxonomy In 1887 Richard Lydekker described two sauropod tail vertebrae found by William D. Fox near Brook Bay on Wight, BMNH R146a and BMNH 151, and referred them to the genus ''Ornithopsis'', despite indicating their similarity to ''Titanosaurus'' (noting them once as ''Titanosaurus'' species A and ''Titanosaurus'' species B), because the tail of ''Ornithopsis'' was unknown.Lydekker, R., 1887, "On certain dinosaurian vertebrae from the Cretaceous of India and the Isle of Wight", ''Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London'' 43: 157–160 On reading the paper to the Geological Society of London, Lydekker was criticised by Harry Govier Seeley and John Hulke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atacamatitan
''Atacamatitan'' (meaning "Atacama Desert titan") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaurs that lived in South America during the Late Cretaceous period. Discovery and naming In February 2000, with the purpose of looking for Mesozoic fossils in Chile, Chilean and Brazilian researchers established a preliminary expedition that was organized by the Chilean National Museum of Natural History and the National Museum of Brazil heading to Antofagasta Region. During the expedition, they discovered the deposits of the Tolar Formation, located about 150 km north of Calama town and 50 km east from El Abra copper mine. The deposits of this formation consists of well-stratified, red succession of breccias, conglomerates and sandstones. In July 2001, a second expedition was organized and with this, the excavation of the formation. The results ended on the discovery of the holotype of ''Atacamatitan'': SGO-PV-961. The fossil remains were found in an outcrop surface of 2 m² near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
