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Three-suiter
In the game of contract bridge a three suiter (or three-suited hand) denotes a hand containing at least four cards in three of the four suits. As a bridge hand contains thirteen cards, only two hand patterns can be classified as three suiters: 4-4-4-1 and 5-4-4-0. In natural bidding systems, strong three suiters are often difficult to describe, as — following the likely response of partner in the short suit — they do not allow for a high-level notrump rebid, nor for a reverse bid. Some systems therefore use dedicated opening bids to describe strong three-suited hands (e.g. the 2 opening in the Roman system). The standard treatment to describe a three-suited hand after an opposing opening in a suit is the takeout double. Conventions like the Kantar cuebid and Cansino The Cansino family is a prominent Sephardic Jewish family originally from Oran, Algeria. The family progenitor Jacob Cansino served as an interpreter at Oran, a Spanish colony in northwestern Africa, un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridge Probabilities
In the game of bridge mathematical probabilities play a significant role. Different declarer play strategies lead to success depending on the distribution of opponent's cards. To decide which strategy has highest likelihood of success, the declarer needs to have at least an elementary knowledge of probabilities. The tables below specify the various prior probabilities, i.e. the probabilities in the absence of any further information. During bidding and play, more information about the hands becomes available, allowing players to improve their probability estimates. Probability of suit distributions (for missing trumps, etc.) in two hidden hands This table"Mathematical Tables" (Table 4). represents the different ways that two to eight particular cards may be distributed, or may ''lie'' or ''split'', between two unknown 13-card hands (before the bidding and play, or ''a priori''). The table also shows the number of combinations of particular cards that match any numerical split an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Suiter
In the game of contract bridge a three suiter (or three-suited hand) denotes a hand containing at least four cards in three of the four suits. As a bridge hand contains thirteen cards, only two hand patterns can be classified as three suiters: 4-4-4-1 and 5-4-4-0. In natural bidding systems, strong three suiters are often difficult to describe, as — following the likely response of partner in the short suit — they do not allow for a high-level notrump rebid, nor for a reverse bid. Some systems therefore use dedicated opening bids to describe strong three-suited hands (e.g. the 2 opening in the Roman system). The standard treatment to describe a three-suited hand after an opposing opening in a suit is the takeout double. Conventions like the Kantar cuebid and CansinoManley (2011), page 272. can be used to introduce a three-suited hand after an opposing 1NT opening. See also *Single suiter *Two suiter *Balanced hand A balanced hand or balanced distribution in card games ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contract Bridge
Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a trick-taking card game using a standard 52-card deck. In its basic format, it is played by four players in two competing partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs, tournaments, online and with friends at home, making it one of the world's most popular card games, particularly among seniors. The World Bridge Federation (WBF) is the governing body for international competitive bridge, with numerous other bodies governing it at the regional level. The game consists of a number of , each progressing through four phases. The cards are dealt to the players; then the players ''call'' (or ''bid'') in an auction seeking to take the , specifying how many tricks the partnership receiving the contract (the declaring side) needs to take to receive points for the deal. During the auction, partners use their bids to also exchange information about their hands, including o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bidding System
A bidding system in contract bridge is the set of agreements and understandings assigned to calls and sequences of calls used by a partnership, and includes a full description of the meaning of each treatment and convention. The purpose of bidding is for each partnership to ascertain which contract, whether made or defeated and whether bid by them or by their opponents, would give the partnership their best scoring result. Each bidding system ascribes a meaning to every possible call by each member of a partnership, and presents a codified language which allows the players to exchange information about their card holdings. The vocabulary of is limited to 38 different calls - 35 level/denomination ''bids''A bid consists of two components — the level in range of 1-7, and one of five denominations: clubs (), diamonds (), hearts (), spades () and notrump (NT) plus ''pass'', ''double'' and ''redouble''. Any bid becomes a contract if followed by three successive passes, therefore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reverse Bid
A reverse, in the card game contract bridge, is a bidding sequence designed to show additional strength without the need to make a jump bid; specifically two suits are bid in the reverse order to that expected by the basic bidding system. Precise methods and definitions vary with country, bidding system and partnership agreements. Definitions Standard American In Standard American a reverse is defined by William S. Root as "... a non-jump bid at the two-level in a new suit ''that ranks higher than the suit you bid first''", and by Bridge World. as "a non-jump bid in a new suit that bypasses a bid in a lower-ranking suit already bid by the same player". Acol The Acol definition is somewhat wider and includes ''any bid of a new suit by opener higher than two of their first suit''. Application ;Example In the auction, 1 – 1; 2, the 2 rebid by opener meets the foregoing definitions and is a reverse showing a stronger than minimum opening hand and forcing responder to bid for one mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman System
Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter in the New Testament of the Christian Bible Roman or Romans may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music *Romans (band), a Japanese pop group * ''Roman'' (album), by Sound Horizon, 2006 * ''Roman'' (EP), by Teen Top, 2011 *" Roman (My Dear Boy)", a 2004 single by Morning Musume Film and television *Film Roman, an American animation studio * ''Roman'' (film), a 2006 American suspense-horror film * ''Romans'' (2013 film), an Indian Malayalam comedy film * ''Romans'' (2017 film), a British drama film * ''The Romans'' (''Doctor Who''), a serial in British TV series People *Roman (given name), a given name, including a list of people and fictional characters *Roman (surname), including a list of people named Roman or Romans *Ῥωμαῠ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takeout Double
In the card game contract bridge, a takeout double is a low-level conventional call of "Double" over an opponent's bid as a request for partner to bid his best of the unbid suits. The most common takeout double is after an opponent's opening bid of one of a suit where the double shows a hand with opening values, support for all three unbid suits (at least three cards in each) and shortness in the suit doubled (preferably, no more than two). Normally, the partner of the doubler must bid his best suit but may pass if (a) his right hand opponent intervenes or (b) on the more rare occasions when his hand is such that he wishes to convert the takeout double to a . Requirements Commonly a double is considered for takeout whenever one of the following conditions is met (but see balancing double below): *Opponents have previously bid only one suit, and the player did not have chance to double that suit before. *Opponents have previously bid two suits, and partner has passed. *Opponents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kantar Cuebid
A kantar is the official Egyptian weight unit for measuring cotton. It corresponds to the US hundredweight, and is roughly equal to 99.05 pounds, or 45.02 kilogram The kilogram (also kilogramme) is the unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI), having the unit symbol kg. It is a widely used measure in science, engineering and commerce worldwide, and is often simply called a kilo colloquially ...s. It is equal to either 157 kilograms of seed cotton or 50 kilograms of lint cotton. References Units of mass {{measurement-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cansino Convention
The Cansino family is a prominent Sephardic Jewish family originally from Oran, Algeria. The family progenitor Jacob Cansino served as an interpreter at Oran, a Spanish colony in northwestern Africa, under Charles V, until 1556, when he was sent as an ambassador to the king of Morocco. The office was then held in regular succession by his son Isaac Cansino from 1568 to 1599, by his grandson Hayyim Cansino from 1601 to 1621, and by his great-grandson Aaron Cansino from 1621 to 1633. Other prominent members of the family were Isaac ben Chayyim Cansino, poet; and Rabbi Abraham Cansino II, secretary of the Jewish community of Oran. {{JewishEncyclopedia, article=Cansino, author=Gotthard Deutsch Gotthard Deutsch (; 31 January 1859 – 14 October 1921) was a scholar of Jewish history. Education Deutsch was born in Dolnà Kounice, Moravia, Austria, as Eliezer Deutsch, the son of Bernhard L. Deutsch, a merchant, and Elise Wiener. He alwa ... and A. Rhine, url=http://jewishencyclope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single Suiter
In contract bridge, a single suiter (or single-suited hand) is a hand containing at least six cards in one suit and with all other suits being at least two cards shorter than this longest suit. Many hand patterns can be classified as single suiters. Typical examples are 6-3-2-2, 6-3-3-1 and 7-3-2-1 distribution. Single-suiters form the cornerstone of preemptive bidding. Weak single-suiters with six card length are traditionally opened preemptively at the two level, whilst seven carders are used to preempt at the three level. The modern trend is to lower these minimum length requirements, especially when non-vulnerable. Conventional preemptive openings used to introduce a weak single-suited hand include the multi 2 diamonds and the gambling 3NT conventions. Over an opposing opening, single suiters are usually introduced via a natural overcall. But see also list of defenses to 1NT. See also *Two suiter *Three suiter *Balanced hand *Preempt Preempt (also spelled "pre-empt") i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two Suiter
In contract bridge, a two suiter is a hand containing cards mostly from two of the four suits. Traditionally a hand is considered a two suiter if it contains at least ten cards in two suits, with the two suits not differing in length by more than one card. Depending on suit quality and partnership agreement different classification schemes are viable. The more modern trend is to lower the threshold of ten cards to nine cards and consider 5-4 distributions also two suiters. The six possible combinations are given the names "major suits" (spades and hearts), "minor suits" (diamonds and clubs), " black suits" (spades and clubs), " red suits" (hearts and diamonds), " pointed suits" (spades and diamonds), and " rounded suits" (hearts and clubs). When including two suited hands with 5-4 distribution, two suiters have a high likelihood of occurrence, and the modern preemptive style is to incorporate such two-suited hands in the arsenal of preemptive openings. Example of such a preemp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balanced Hand
A balanced hand or balanced distribution in card games is a hand with an even distribution of suits. In the game of contract bridge, it denotes a hand of thirteen cards which contains no singleton or void and at most one . Three hand patterns are classified as truly balanced: 4-3-3-3, 4-4-3-2 and 5-3-3-2. The hand patterns 5-4-2-2 (an example of a two-suiter) and 6-3-2-2 (a single-suiter) are generally referred to as ''semi-balanced''. In natural bidding systems, balanced hands within specified high card point (HCP) ranges are generally opened with a notrump bid, or rebid in notrump. In the Netherlands, a bidding system called ''Saaie klaver'' ("'' Boring club''") that reserves the 1 opening for all balanced hands (''boring hands''), has gained some popularity. See also *Single suiter *Two suiter *Three suiter *Bridge probabilities * Boring club *Kamikaze 1NT Kamikaze 1NT is a preemptive 1NT opening in the game of contract bridge Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a tric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
