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Thiobarbital
Thiobarbital is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It is the thiobarbiturate analogue of barbital. Synthesis It is of note that although the drug can be prepared by the above route (cf e.g. thialbarbital), reaction of barbital with phosphorus pentasulfide Phosphorus pentasulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula (monomer) or (dimer). This yellow solid is the one of two phosphorus sulfides of commercial value. Samples often appear greenish-gray due to impurities. It is soluble in carbon d ... constitutes an alternative route to thiobarbital. References Thiobarbiturates GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thiobarbital Synthesis
Thiobarbital is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It is the thiobarbiturate analogue of barbital. Synthesis It is of note that although the drug can be prepared by the above route (cf e.g. thialbarbital Thialbarbital (Intranarcon) is a barbiturate derivative invented in the 1960s. It has sedative effects, and was used primarily for induction in surgical anaesthesia. Thialbarbital is short acting and has less of a tendency to induce respiratory de ...), reaction of barbital with phosphorus pentasulfide constitutes an alternative route to thiobarbital. References Thiobarbiturates GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbiturate
Barbiturates are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose potential among other possible adverse effects. They have been used recreationally for their anxiolytic and sedative effects, and are thus controlled in most countries due to the risks associated with such use. Barbiturates have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines ("Z-drugs") in routine medical practice, particularly in the treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia, because of the significantly lower risk of overdose, and the lack of an antidote for barbiturate overdose. Despite this, barbiturates are still in use for various purposes: in general anesthesia, epilepsy, treatment of acute migraines or cluster headaches, acute tension headaches, euthanasia, capital punishment, and assisted suicid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbital
Barbital (or barbitone), marketed under the brand names Veronal for the pure acid and Medinal for the sodium salt, was the first commercially available barbiturate. It was used as a sleeping aid (hypnotic) from 1903 until the mid-1950s. The chemical names for barbital are diethylmalonyl urea or diethylbarbituric acid; hence, the sodium salt (known as medinal, a genericised trademark in the United Kingdom) is known also as sodium diethylbarbiturate. Synthesis Barbital, then called "Veronal", was first synthesized in 1902 by German chemists Emil Fischer and Joseph von Mering, who published their discovery in 1903. Barbital was prepared by condensing diethylmalonic ester with urea in the presence of sodium ethoxide, or by adding at least two molar equivalents of ethyl iodide to the silver salt of malonylurea (barbituric acid) or possibly to a basic solution of the acid. The result was an odorless, slightly bitter, white crystalline powder. Its introduction followed the investig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thialbarbital
Thialbarbital (Intranarcon) is a barbiturate derivative invented in the 1960s. It has sedative effects, and was used primarily for induction in surgical anaesthesia. Thialbarbital is short acting and has less of a tendency to induce respiratory depression than other barbiturate derivatives such as pentobarbital. Synthesis See also *Thiamylal Thiamylal (Surital) is a barbiturate derivative invented in the 1950s. It has sedative, anticonvulsant, and hypnotic effects, and is used as a strong but short acting sedative. Thiamylal is still in current use, primarily for induction in surgica ... References Thiobarbiturates GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators Allyl compounds Cyclohexenes {{sedative-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phosphorus Pentasulfide
Phosphorus pentasulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula (monomer) or (dimer). This yellow solid is the one of two phosphorus sulfides of commercial value. Samples often appear greenish-gray due to impurities. It is soluble in carbon disulfide but reacts with many other solvents such as alcohols, DMSO, and DMF. Structure and synthesis Its tetrahedral molecular structure is similar to that of adamantane and almost identical to the structure of phosphorus pentoxide. Phosphorus pentasulfide is obtained by the reaction of liquid white phosphorus () with sulfur above 300 °C. The first synthesis of by Berzelius in 1843 was by this method. Alternatively, can be formed by reacting elemental sulfur or pyrite, , with ferrophosphorus, a crude form of (a byproduct of white phosphorus () production from phosphate rock): : : Applications Approximately 150,000 tons of are produced annually. The compound is mainly converted to other derivatives for use as lubrication ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
