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Ship Grounding
Ship grounding or ship stranding is the impact of a ship on seabed or waterway side. It may be intentional, as in beaching (nautical), beaching to land crew or cargo, and careening, for maintenance or repair, or unintentional, as in a marine accident. In accidental cases, it is commonly referred to as "running aground". When unintentional, grounding may result simply in stranding, with or without damage to the submerged part of the ship's hull. Breach of the hull may lead to significant flooding, which in the absence of containment in watertight bulkheads may substantially compromise the ship's structural integrity, stability, and safety. As hazard Severe grounding applies extreme loads upon ship structures. In less severe accidents, it might result only in damage to the hull; however, in most serious accidents, it might lead to hull breaches, cargo spills, total loss of the vessel, and, in the worst cases, human casualties. Grounding accounts for about one-third of commercia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ship Ground
A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. After the 15th century, new crops that had come from and to the Americas via the European seafarers significantly contributed to world population growth. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce. The word ''ship'' has meant, depending on the era and the context, either just a large vessel or specifically a ship-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts, each of which is square-rigged. As of 2016, there were more than 49,000 merchant ships, totaling almost 1.8 billion dead weight tons. Of these 28% were oil tankers, 43% were bulk carriers, and 13% were con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Concordia Disaster
On 13 January 2012, the eight-year-old Costa Cruises vessel ''Costa Concordia'' was on the last leg of a cruise around the Mediterranean Sea when she deviated from her planned route at Isola del Giglio, Tuscany, sailed closer to the island, and struck a rock formation on the sea floor. This caused the ship to list and then capsize, landing unevenly on an underwater ledge. Although a six-hour rescue effort brought most of the passengers ashore, 33 people died:27 passengers, five crew, and later, a member of the salvage team. An investigation focused on shortcomings in the procedures followed by ''Costa Concordia'' crew and the actions of her captain, Francesco Schettino, who left the ship prematurely. He left about 300 passengers on board the sinking vessel, most of whom were rescued by helicopter or motorboats in the area. Schettino was found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to 16 years in prison. Despite receiving its own share of criticism, Costa Cruises and its parent c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Suevic
SS ''Suevic'' was a steamship built by Harland and Wolff in Belfast for the White Star Line. ''Suevic'' was the fifth and last of the s, built specifically to service the Liverpool-Cape Town-Sydney route, along with her sister ship . In 1907 she was wrecked off the south coast of England, but in the largest rescue of its kind, all passengers and crew were saved. The ship herself was deliberately broken in two, and a new bow was attached to the salvaged stern portion. Later serving as a Norwegian whaling factory ship carrying the name ''Skytteren'', she was scuttled off the Swedish coast in 1942 to prevent her capture by ships of Nazi Germany. Design and construction When White Star inaugurated service from Liverpool to Sydney in the late 1890s, they commissioned five steamships to be built for that route: the first three all entered service in 1899: , and . All three were single-funnel ocean liners which measured just under and were configured to carry 320 third class pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Torrey Canyon
SS ''Torrey Canyon'' was an LR2 Suezmax class oil tanker with a cargo capacity of of crude oil. She ran aground off the western coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom, on 18 March 1967, causing an environmental disaster. At that time she was the largest vessel ever to be wrecked. Design and history When built by the Newport News Shipbuilding in the United States in 1959, she had a deadweight tonnage capacity of . However, the ship was later enlarged by Sasebo Heavy Industries in Japan to capacity. At the time of the shipwreck she was owned by Barracuda Tanker Corporation, a subsidiary of the Union Oil Company of California, and registered in Liberia but chartered to BP. She was long, beam and had of draught.. Accident and oil spill On 19 February 1967, ''Torrey Canyon'' left the Kuwait National Petroleum Company refinery, at Mina, Kuwait (later Al Ahmadi) on her final voyage with a full cargo of crude oil. The ship reached the Canary Islands on 14 March. From there th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS American Star (1939)
SS ''America'' was an ocean liner and cruise ship built in the United States in 1940, for the United States Lines and designed by the noted American naval architect William Francis Gibbs. It carried many names in the 54 years between its construction and its 1994 wreck: SS ''America'' (carrying this name three different times during its career); troop transport USS ''West Point''; and SS ''Australis'', ''Italis'', ''Noga'', ''Alferdoss'', and ''American Star''. It served most notably in passenger service as ''America'' and the Greek-flagged ''Australis''. It was wrecked as the ''American Star'' at Playa de Garcey on Fuerteventura in the Canary Islands on 18 January 1994. The wreck deteriorated and completely collapsed into the sea. As of 2022, it is no longer visible on the ocean surface and has become an artificial reef. Construction (1936–1939) ''America'' was laid down under the first Maritime Commission contract on 22 August 1938, at Newport News, Virginia, by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spectacle Reef Light
Spectacle Reef Light is a lighthouse east of the Straits of Mackinac and is located at the northern end of Lake Huron, Michigan. It was designed and built by Colonel Orlando Metcalfe Poe and Major Godfrey Weitzel, and was the most expensive lighthouse ever built on the Great Lakes. Because of the challenges of building on a shoal, including laying an underwater crib, it is said to be the "most spectacular engineering achievement" in lighthouse construction on Lake Huron. It took four years to build because weather limited work to mostly the summer season. Workers lived in a structure at the site; one of the limiting conditions. It ranks high as an engineering achievement among all the lighthouses built on the Great lakes. In 2020, ThSpectacle Reef Preservation Societywas formed and began to restore the lighthouse. History Overview From 1852 to the beginning of the 20th century, the United States Lighthouse Board was active in building lighthouses to support ship traffic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rena Oil Spill
The ''Rena'' oil spill occurred off the coast of Tauranga, New Zealand in October 2011. The spill was caused by the grounding of on the Astrolabe Reef. The ''Rena'' was a container ship and cargo vessel owned by the Greek shipping company Costamare Inc., through one of its subsidiary companies Daina Shipping. The spill has been described as New Zealand's worst maritime environmental disaster. Sequence of events On Wednesday, 5 October 2011, at 2:20 AM (Tuesday, 4 October 13:20 UTC) while sailing in clear weather from Napier to Tauranga, at a speed of , ''Rena'' ran aground on Astrolabe Reef. The ship was carrying 1,368 containers, eight of which contained hazardous materials, as well as 1,700 tonnes of heavy fuel oil and 200 tonnes of marine diesel oil. Initially the ship listed 11 degrees to port, with the front stuck on the reef. By 9 October, an oil slick long threatened wildlife and the area's rich fishing waters. Oil from ''Rena'' began washing ashore at Mount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MS World Discoverer
MS ''World Discoverer'' was a cruise ship designed for and built by Schichau Unterweser, Germany in 1974. During construction called ''BEWA Discoverer'', the ship was completed in Bremerhaven, Germany. In 2000, the ship struck an underwater obstacle and was damaged; it was subsequently grounded – to prevent sinking – and abandoned in the Solomon Islands. History The vessel was originally built as the BEWA ''Discoverer'' in 1974. The ship was sold to BEWA Cruises out of Denmark. In July 1976, the vessel was sold to Adventure Cruises, Inc. and was renamed ''World Discoverer''. The ship also became a long-term charter to Society Expeditions. In 1976, the ship was registered in Singapore. In 1987, Society Expedition came under new ownership and was renamed Society Expedition Cruises, with offices in Seattle, United States and Germany. The new owner of the ship was Discoverer Reederei who also has ownership of other vessels, such as . In 1990, she was registered in Liberi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MS Riverdance
''Riverdance'' was a roll-on/roll-off ferry in service with Seatruck Ferries on the Irish Sea. On 31 January 2008 she was hit by a wave that caused her cargo to shift and she beached at Blackpool, very close to the boundary with Cleveleys. Large amounts of the ship's cargo was spilled overboard after the ship ran aground, resulting in much of it being salvaged by members of the public. Attempts to refloat her failed, and she was scrapped on site during 2008. Her normal route was Heysham – Warrenpoint. A cargo vessel, she was permitted under UK maritime law to carry up to 12 passengers. History Built as ''Mashala'' in 1977, renamed ''Halla'' in 1987, ''Tikal'' in 1988 and ''Schiaffino'' in 1989, she operated at first in the Mediterranean and then the Caribbean. In 1993 she was operating in the Irish Sea, renamed ''Sally Eurobridge''. In 1994 she was operating in the North Sea under the name ''Eurobridge'', returning to ''Sally Eurobridge'' when the charter ended. In 1995� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
The ''Exxon Valdez'' oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, on March 24, 1989. '' Exxon Valdez'', an oil supertanker owned by Exxon Shipping Company bound for Long Beach, California struck Prince William Sound's Bligh Reef, west of Tatitlek, Alaska at 12:04 a.m. and spilled (or 37,000 tonnes) of crude oil over the next few days. The ''Exxon Valdez'' spill is the second largest in U.S. waters, after the 2010 ''Deepwater Horizon'' oil spill, in terms of volume of oil released. Prince William Sound's remote location, accessible only by helicopter, plane, or boat, made government and industry response efforts difficult and made existing response plans especially hard to implement. The region is a habitat for salmon, sea otters, seals, and seabirds. The oil, extracted from the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field, eventually affected of coastline, of which were heavily or moderately oiled. Spill ''Exxon Valdez'' was carrying of oil, of which approximately were spi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaching (nautical)
Beaching (or Landing) is the process in which a ship or boat is laid ashore, or grounded deliberately in shallow water. This is more usual with small flat-bottomed boats. Larger ships may be beached deliberately; for instance, in an emergency, a damaged ship might be beached to prevent it from sinking in deep water. Some vessels are designed to be loaded and unloaded by beaching; vessels of this type used by the military to disembark troops under fire are called landing craft. During the age of sail, vessels were sometimes beached to allow them to be rolled over for the hull to be maintained, a process called '' careening''. Ships scheduled for break-up are sometimes intentionally beached to make the procedure easier. See also * Landing craft * Shipwrecking * Cetacean stranding Cetacean stranding, commonly known as beaching, is a phenomenon in which whales and dolphins strand themselves on land, usually on a beach. Beached whales often die due to dehydration, collapsing un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Container Ship 'Ever Given' Stuck In The Suez Canal, Egypt - March 24th, 2021 Cropped
A container is any receptacle or enclosure for holding a product used in storage, packaging, and transportation, including shipping. Things kept inside of a container are protected on several sides by being inside of its structure. The term is most frequently applied to devices made from materials that are durable and are often partly or completely rigid. A container can also be considered as a basic tool, consisting of any device creating a partially or fully enclosed space that can be used to contain, store, and transport objects or materials. History Humans have used containers for at least 100,000 years, and possibly for millions of years.Clive Gamble, ''Origins and Revolutions: Human Identity in Earliest Prehistory'' (2007), p. 204. The first containers were probably invented for storing food, allowing early humans to preserve more of their food for a longer time, to carry it more easily, and also to protect it from other animals. The development of food storage co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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