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Serrasalmid
The Serrasalmidae (serrasalmids) are a family of characiform fishes, recently elevated to family status. It includes more than 90 species. The name means "serrated salmon family", which refers to the serrated keel running along the belly of these fish. Fish classified as Serrasalmidae are also known by these common names: pacu, piranha, and silver dollar. These common names generally designate differing dental characteristics and feeding habits. Description Serrasalmids are medium- to large-sized characiform fishes that reach about long, generally characterized by a deep, laterally compressed body with a series of midventral abdominal spines or scutes, and a long dorsal fin (over 16 rays). Most species also possess an anteriorly directed spine just before the dorsal fin extending from a supraneural bone; exceptions include members of the genera '' Colossoma'', '' Piaractus'', and '' Mylossoma''. Most serrasalmids have about 60 chromosomes, ranging from 54 to 62.''Metynnis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megapiranha
''Megapiranha'' is an extinct serrasalmid characin fish from the Late Miocene (8–10 million years ago) Ituzaingó Formation of Argentina, described in 2009. The type species is ''M. paranensis''.''Megapiranha'' at Fossilworks.org It is thought to have been about in length and in weight. The consists only of e and a zigzag tooth row; the rest of its body is unknown. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tometes
''Tometes'' is a genus of fish in the family Serrasalmidae found in fast-flowing rivers in northern South America. Adults of all seven species in this genus are phytophagous, feeding primarily on aquatic plants in the family Podostemaceae. The genus name ''Tometes'' was coined in 1850 by Valenciennes in reference to the incisiform teeth. When the type species of the genus, ''T. trilobatus'', was described in 1850, it was placed in synonym with ''Myleus setiger'', the type species of the genus ''Myleus'', which is why ''Tometes'' and ''Myleus'' were considered to be the same genus for a long time. It was just later that the two genera were revalitated and other specimen could be categorized in the genus ''Tometes''. Taxonomy Even today the taxonomic classification of the Serrasalmidae is not an easy task. Many names are placed in synonymy due to a lack of information and insufficient data bases. It was not long ago when it was discovered that ''Tometes'' and ''Myleus'' are tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pristobrycon Striolatus
''Pristobrycon striolatus'' is a species of serrasalmid fish. Range and habitat ''Pristobrycon striolatus'' inhabits mainly black or acidic waters in tributaries in the Orinoco and Amazon River Basins. Description This small and beautiful fish reaches . Its body is discoid with the anterodorsal profile slightly curved or straight. The head is robust and wide. Its snout is blunt. A preanal spine is absent. The adipose fin is wide. The head is silver with metallic orange to red at the mandibular and opercular regions. Its iris is yellow. Its body is greenish laterally and a mixture of orange and red at the abdominal area, covered with "pepper-like" spots. It has a single spot in the opercular area above the pectoral fin origin. Fins have reddish tones. Its caudal fin has an angled basal black band. Machado-Allison and Fink, 1996 Feeding Along with other members of the group, ''P. striolatus'' is a predator, consuming smaller fish and attacking fins. Juveniles eat aquatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myleus
''Myleus'' is a genus of serrasalmids from South America, where found in the Amazon, Orinoco and São Francisco basins, as well as river basin of the Guiana Shield.Ota, R.P., Röpke, C.P., Zuanon, J. & Jégu, M. (2013): Serrasalmidae. ''In'': Queiroz, L.J., Torrente-Vilara, G., Ohara, W.M., Pires, T.H.S., Zuanon, J. & Doria, C.R.C. (Eds.), ''Peixes do rio Madeira.'' Volume II, ''Santo Antonio Energia, São Paulo, 12–47.'' They are found in rivers with moderately or fast-flowing water, including rapids. They are primarily herbivores, but also take some animal matter. Depending on the exact species, they reach up to in standard length, and the adult males have a double-lobed anal fin and filamentous extensions on the dorsal fin. Their strong teeth means that larger individuals can inflict severe bites on humans. Species There are currently 5 recognized species of ''Myleus''. Several others have been moved to the genus ''Myloplus''. * '' Myleus altipinnis'' (Valenciennes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utiaritichthys
''Utiaritichthys'' is a genus of serrasalmid fish found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins in tropical South America. The adults are typically found in rapidly flowing water where they feed on aquatic plants in the family Podostemaceae and filamentous algae.Pereira, T.N.A. & Castro, R.M.C. (2014)A new species of Utiaritichthys Miranda Ribeiro (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) from the Serra dos Parecis, Tapajós drainage.''Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 397-402''. They reach up to in standard length. The monophyly and taxonomic position of the genus is not fully resolved. The only clear difference from ''Myloplus ''Myloplus'' is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Serrasalmidae found in tropical and subtropical South America, where they inhabit rivers and streams (both slow and fast-flowing). They are primarily herbivores, but also take some animal ...'' is the comparatively longer body of ''Utiaritichthys''. Species There are currently 3 recognized species in this ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piaractus
''Piaractus'' is a genus of large serrasalmid from South America. The two traditionally recognized species of ''Piaractus'' are very similar in appearance and were formerly included in the genus ''Colossoma'', which currently only contains another similar species, the tambaqui (''Colossoma macropomum'').Nico, L.; P. Fuller; and M. Neilson (22 October 2013)Piaractus brachypomus.USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. Retrieved 2 March 2017. A third ''Piaractus'' was described in 2019 as a new species, but it was formerly considered a subpopulation of ''P. brachypomus''.Escobar, M.D., R.P. Ota, A. Machado-Allison, I.P. Farias and T. Hrbek (2019). A new species of Piaractus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) from the Orinoco Basin with a redescription of Piaractus brachypomus. Journal of Fish Biology: -x Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: * ''Piaractus brachypomus'' ( G. Cuvier, 1818) (Pirapatinga or red-bellied pacu) * ''Piaract ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ossubtus
''Ossubtus'' is a genus of fish in the family Serrasalmidae. It contains a single species, ''Ossubtus xinguense'', the parrot pacu or eaglebeak pacu, The species is endemic to rapids in the Xingu River basin in the Brazilian Amazon.Andrade, M.C., Sousa, L.M., Ota, R.P., Jégu, M. & Giarrizzo, T. (2016)Redescription and Geographical Distribution of the Endangered Fish ''Ossubtus xinguense'' Jégu 1992 (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) with Comments on Conservation of the Rheophilic Fauna of the Xingu River.''PLoS ONE, 11 (9): e0161398.'' This endangered species is primarily a herbivore. Description The body of ''Ossubtus xinguense'' is ovoid in shape. The profile of the snout is blunt. In young fish, the mouth is terminal (pointing forward); however, as the fish grows, the mouth turns downward and becomes strictly ventral in individuals longer than . This gives the mouth a beak-like appearance. It reaches up to in total length and about in weight. Range and habitat ''Ossubtus xingu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mylossoma
''Mylossoma'' is a genus of serrasalmids from tropical and subtropical South America, including the basins of the Amazon, Orinoco, Lake Maracaibo and Paraguay- Paraná. These common fish are found both in main river sections and floodplains. They support important fisheries and based on a review by IBAMA, they are the seventh most caught fish by weight in the Brazilian Amazon. They primarily feed on plant material such as seeds and fruits (to a lesser extent invertebrates), and in their ecology they generally resemble the larger tambaqui (''Colossoma macropomum''). ''Mylossoma'' reach up to in length and in weight. Species There are currently 5 recognized species in this genus:Mateussi, N.T.B., Pavanelli, C.S. & Oliveira, C. (2016): Molecular identification of cryptic diversity in species of cis-Andean ''Mylossoma'' (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae). ''Mitochondrial DNA Part A: DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis, 28 (5): 778-780.''Mateussi, Nadayca T. B. ; Claudio Oliveira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacu
Pacu () is a common name used to refer to several species of omnivorous South American freshwater serrasalmid fish that are related to the piranha. Pacu and piranha do not have similar teeth, the main difference being jaw alignment; piranha have pointed, razor-sharp teeth in a pronounced underbite, whereas pacu have squarer, straighter teeth and a less severe underbite, or a slight overbite. Pacu, unlike piranha, mainly feed on plant material and not flesh or scales. Additionally, the pacu can reach much larger sizes than piranha, at up to in total length and in weight. Name The common name ''pacu'' is generally applied to fish classified under the below listed genera. Among these, several genera contain species where commonly used English names include the word ''pacu'', as listed. *''Colossoma'' – black pacu, black-finned pacu, giant pacu *''Metynnis'' *''Mylesinus'' (''Myloplus'') *''Mylossoma '' *''Ossubtus'' – parrot pacu, eaglebeak pacu *'' Piaractus'' – red-bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mylesinus
''Mylesinus'' is a genus of serrasalmids from South America, where found in the eastern Amazon, Essequibo and Orinoco basins. They are rheophilic, typically found at rapids and mainly feed on Podostemaceae plants. Because of their habitat preference, they are threatened by the building of dams. They reach up to in standard length, and the adult males have a double-lobed anal fin and several filamentous extensions on the dorsal fin. Species There are three recognized species: * '' Mylesinus paraschomburgkii'' Jégu, dos Santos & E. J. G. Ferreira, 1989 * '' Mylesinus paucisquamatus'' Jégu & dos Santos, 1988 * '' Mylesinus schomburgkii'' Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; nl, label=also Dutch, Valencijn; pcd, Valincyinnes or ; la, Valentianae) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced a ..., 1850 References Serrasalmidae Taxa named by Achille Valenciennes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metynnis
''Metynnis'' is a genus of serrasalmid fish from tropical and subtropical South America. They are herbivorous or omnivorous, and inhabit a wide range of freshwater habitats, ranging from rivers and streams (both fast- and slow-flowing), to floodplains, flooded forests, lakes, pools and reservoirs. They generally reach in standard length, although a few species may reach up to . The genus contains many of the species known as silver dollars in the aquarium trade. Species There are currently 15 recognized species in this genus: * '' Metynnis altidorsalis'' C. G. E. Ahl, 1923 * ''Metynnis argenteus'' C. G. E. Ahl, 1923 (silver dollar) * '' Metynnis cuiaba'' Pavanelli, Ota & Petry, 2009 * '' Metynnis fasciatus'' C. G. E. Ahl, 1931 * '' Metynnis guaporensis'' C. H. Eigenmann, 1915 * ''Metynnis hypsauchen'' ( J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844) (silver dollar) * '' Metynnis lippincottianus'' (Cope, 1870) (spotted silver dollar) * '' Metynnis longipinnis'' Zarske & Géry, 2008 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catoprion
''Catoprion'' is a genus of serrasalmids from tropical South America, including the basins of the Amazon, Essequibo, Orinoco and Paraguay rivers. It was believed to be a monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispe ... genus until the 2020 description of '' C. absconditus''. Species There are 2 described species: * '' Catoprion mento'' * '' Catoprion absconditus'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q19757948 Serrasalmidae Ray-finned fish genera Taxa named by Johannes Peter Müller Taxa named by Franz Hermann Troschel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
