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Sculpins
A sculpin is a type of fish that belongs to the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Scorpaeniformes.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology suggest transitions in station-holding demand across species of marine sculpin.''Zoology'' (Jena) 115(4), 223-32. As of 2006, this superfamily contains 7 families, 94 genera, and 387 species. Sculpins occur in many types of habitat, including ocean and freshwater zones. They live in rivers, submarine canyons, kelp forests, and shallow littoral habitat types, such as tidepools. Sculpins are benthic fish, dwelling on the bottoms of water bodies. Their pectoral fins are smooth on the upper edge and webbed with sharp rays along the lower edge, a modification that makes them specialized for gripping the substrate. This adaptation helps the fish anchor in fast-flowing water. The sculpin normally grows to about four inches long. Families and subfamilies Families include: * Jordaniidae Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cottidae
The Cottidae are a family of fish in the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. It is the largest sculpin family, with about 275 species in 70 genera.Kane, E. A. and T. E. Higham. (2012)Life in the flow lane: differences in pectoral fin morphology suggest transitions in station-holding demand across species of marine sculpin.''Zoology'' (Jena) 115(4), 223-32. They are referred to simply as cottids to avoid confusion with sculpins of other families. Cottids are distributed worldwide, especially in boreal and colder temperate climates. The center of diversity is the northern Pacific Ocean. Species occupy many types of aquatic habitats, including marine and fresh waters, and deep and shallow zones. A large number occur in near-shore marine habitat types, such as kelp forests and shallow reefs. They can be found in estuaries and in bodies of fresh water. Most cottids are small fish, under in length. The species ''Scorpaenichthys marmoratus'' can be up to in length.Froese, R. and D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemitripterinae
The Hemitripterinae is a subfamily of the scorpaeniform family Agonidae, known as sea ravens or sailfin sculpins. They are bottom-dwelling fish that feed on small invertebrates, found in the northwest Atlantic and north Pacific Oceans. They are covered in small spines (modified scales). Taxonomy The sea raven subfamily Hemitripterinae, was first proposed as a taxonomic grouping in 1872 by the American biologist Theodore Gill. It has been treated as a family, the Hemitripteridae, within the Cottoidea superfamily but phylogentic analyses in the 21st Century place the grouping within the family Agonidae. Genera The following three genera are classified within the subfamily Hemitripterinae: Characteristics Hemitripterinae species are called sea ravens because early zoologists posited that their large pectoral fins may be used to fly in the air. Another name is sailfin sculpins, referring to their tall dorsal fins, in particular the very tall first dorsal fin of ''Nautichthys oculo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpaeniformes
The Scorpaeniformes are a diverse order of ray-finned fish, including the lionfishes and sculpins, but have also been called the Scleroparei. It is one of the five largest orders of bony fishes by number of species, with over 1,320. They are known as "mail-cheeked" fishes due to their distinguishing characteristic, the suborbital stay: a backwards extension of the third circumorbital bone (part of the lateral head/cheek skeleton, below the eye socket) across the cheek to the pre operculum, to which it is connected in most species. Scorpaeniform fishes are carnivorous, mostly feeding on crustaceans and on smaller fish. Most species live on the sea bottom in relatively shallow waters, although species are known from deep water, from the midwater, and even from fresh water. They typically have spiny heads, and rounded pectoral and caudal fins. Most species are less than in length, but the full size range of the order varies from the velvetfishes belonging to the family Aploactin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jordaniidae
Jordaniidae is a small family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Scorpaeniformes. These fishes are found in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy Jordaniidae was first proposed as a subfamily, Jordaniinae, of the family Cottidae in 1898 by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann. The 5th edition of '' Fishes of the World'' classifies this family within the superfamily Cottoidea, in the suborder Cottoidei of the Scorpaeniformes. Other authorities classify this family within the infraorder Cottales within the order Perciformes, as they suggest that Perciformes is paraphyletic if the Scorpaneiformes are excluded from it. The cabezon (''Scorpaenichthys marmoratus'') is classified within the Jordaniidae by some authorities but the 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies this species in the monotypic family Scorpaenichthyidae. This family is regarded as one of the more basal members of the Cottoidea grouping. Etymolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agonidae
Agonidae is a family of small, bottom-dwelling, cold-water marine fish. Common names for members of this family include poachers, Irish lords, sea ravens, alligatorfishes, starsnouts, hooknoses, and rockheads. They are notable for having elongated bodies covered by scales modified into bony plates, and for using their large pectoral fins to move in short bursts. The family includes about 59 species in some 25 genera, some of which are quite widespread. The pelvic fins are nearly vestigial, typically consisting of one small spine and a few rays. The swim bladder is not present. At in length, the dragon poacher (''Percis japonica'') is the largest member of the family, while '' Bothragonus occidentalis'' is long as an adult; most are in the 20–30 cm range. Agonidae species generally feed on small crustaceans and marine worms found on the bottom. Some species camouflage themselves with hydras, sponges, or seaweed. They live at deep, with only a few species preferrin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhamphocottidae
Rhamphocottidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. The species in this family occur in the North Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy Rhamphocottidae was first proposed as a family by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and Charles Henry Gilbert in 1883. The family was regarded as monotypic until 2014 when the family Ereunidae was synonymised with it. This family is classified within the superfamily Cottoidea in the suborder Cottoidei in the order Scorpaeniformes in the 5th edition of '' Fishes of the World'' but other authorities states that if Scorpaeniformes is excluded from Perciformes then Perciformes is recovered as paraphyletic and so classify this family within the infraorder Cottales within the suborder Cottoidei of the Perciformes. Within the Cottoidea the Ramphocottidae is the sister taxon to all the other groups. Genera Rhamphocottidae contains the following genera: Characteristics Rhamphocottidae sculpins have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpaenichthyidae
The cabezon (''Scorpaenichthys marmoratus'') is a large species of sculpin native to the Pacific coast of North America. Although the genus name translates literally as "scorpion fish", true scorpionfish (such as lionfish) belong to the related family Scorpaenidae. The cabezon is the only known member of its genus. Taxonomy The cabezon was first formally described as ''Hemitripterus marmoratus'' in 1854 by the American physician and ichthyologist William Orville Ayres with its type locality given as California. Both Ayres and the French biologist Charles Frédéric Girard published the specific name ''marmoratus'' for this taxon in 1854, Ayres published his name on 8 September in ''The Pacific'', a San Francisco based journal in which the California Academy of Sciences published its meeting repotrs, and the name was published once mor on 22 September in the ''Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences''. Girard's name was deemed to have been published on 6 October and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William John Swainson
William John Swainson FLS, FRS (8 October 1789 – 6 December 1855), was an English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist. Life Swainson was born in Dover Place, St Mary Newington, London, the eldest son of John Timothy Swainson the Second (1756–1824), an original fellow of the Linnean Society. He was cousin of the amateur botanist Isaac Swainson.Etymologisches Worterbuch der botanischen Pflanzennamen by H. Genaust. Review by Paul A. Fryxell ''Taxon'', Vol. 38(2), 245–246 (1989). His father's family originated in Lancashire, and both grandfather and father held high posts in Her Majesty's Customs, the father becoming Collector at Liverpool. William, whose formal education was curtailed because of an impediment in his speech, joined the Liverpool Customs as a junior clerk at the age of 14."William Swainson F.R.S, F.L.S., Naturalist and Artist: Diaries 1808–1838: Sicily, Malta, Greece, Italy and Brazil." G .M. Swainson, Palmerston, NZ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemilepidontinae
''Hemilepidotus'', the Irish lords, is a genus of ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Agonidae, the poachers and sea ravens. These fishes are found in northern Pacific, northern Atlantic and the Arctic Oceans. Species There are currently six recognized species in this genus: * '' Hemilepidotus gilberti'' D. S. Jordan & Starks, 1904 (Gilbert's Irish lord) * ''Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus'' ( Tilesius, 1811) (Red Irish lord) * '' Hemilepidotus jordani'' T. H. Bean, 1881 (Yellow Irish lord) * '' Hemilepidotus papilio'' (T. H. Bean, 1880) (Butterfly sculpin) * '' Hemilepidotus spinosus'' Ayres, 1854 (Brown Irish lord) * '' Hemilepidotus zapus'' C. H. Gilbert & Burke Burke is an Anglo-Norman Irish surname, deriving from the ancient Anglo-Norman and Hiberno-Norman noble dynasty, the House of Burgh. In Ireland, the descendants of William de Burgh (–1206) had the surname ''de Burgh'' which was gaelicised ..., 1912 (Longfin Irish lord) References Agonidae Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myoxocephalus Octodecemspinosus
The longhorn sculpin (''Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus'') is a Northwest Atlantic species of sculpin in the fish family Cottidae. It is a predatory and scavenging fish that can feed on the remains of other organisms. Appearance The longhorn sculpin varies in color with its surroundings. It has four tinted bands on the back of its body, which range from dark brown to tinted yellow and dark olive in color. When the fish is resting on sand or dirt, it is plain in color, but when resting on pebbles, it is variably marked in order to blend in with its surroundings in both scenarios. The dorsal spines and head spines on the fish are very sharp, and one must be careful if they are to handle it. It has two variably marked dorsal fins, along with two pectorals and an anal fin.Warfel and Merriman (Copeia, 1944, p. 198)Cox, Contrib. Canadian Biol. (1918-1920) 1921, p. 111; Leim, Proc. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci., vol. 20, 1940, p. 40. Occurrence The range extends from Newfou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothragoninae
''Bothragonus'' is a genus of poachers native to the Pacific Ocean. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * ''Bothragonus occidentalis'' Lindberg, 1935 * ''Bothragonus swanii'' (Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ..., 1876) (Rockhead) References Agonidae {{Scorpaeniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
