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Suicide Bombings
A suicide attack is any violent attack, usually entailing the attacker detonating an explosive, where the attacker has accepted their own death as a direct result of the attacking method used. Suicide attacks have occurred throughout history, often as part of a military campaign (as with the Japanese ''kamikaze'' pilots of 1944–1945 during World War II), and more recently as part of terrorist campaigns (such as the September 11 attacks in 2001). While few, if any, successful suicide attacks took place anywhere in the world from 1945 until 1980, between 1981 and September 2015 a total of 4,814 suicide attacks occurred in over 40 countries, killing over 45,000 people. During this time the global rate of such attacks grew from an average of three a year in the 1980s to about one a month in the 1990s to almost one a week from 2001 to 2003 to approximately one a day from 2003 to 2015. Suicide attacks tend to be more deadly and destructive than other terror attacks because th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) Afire After Being Hit By Kamikazes Off Okinawa, 11 May 1945 (80-G-274266)
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named ''Bunker Hill'', in remembrance of the Battle of Bunker Hill during the American Revolutionary War: * , was an ''Essex''-class aircraft carrier that fought heavily in the Pacific during World War II * , is a guided missile cruiser commissioned in 1986 Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships Merchant vessels * SS ''Bunker Hill'', was acquired by the United States Navy in 1917 and commissioned as . * SS ''Bunker Hill'', a civilian-operatedT2 tanker
The T2 tanker, or T2, was a class of oil tanker constructed and produced in large quantities in the United States during World War II. Only the T3 tankers were larger ...
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Kamikaze
, officially , were a part of the Japanese Special Attack Units of military aviators who flew suicide attacks for the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II, intending to destroy warships more effectively than with conventional air attacks. About 3,800 ''kamikaze'' pilots died during the war, and more than 7,000 naval personnel were killed by ''kamikaze'' attacks. ''Kamikaze'' aircraft were essentially pilot-guided explosive missiles, purpose-built or converted from conventional aircraft. Pilots would attempt to crash their aircraft into enemy ships in what was called a "body attack" (''tai-atari'') in aircraft loaded with bombs, torpedoes and or other explosives. About 19% of ''kamikaze'' attacks were successful. The Japanese considered the goal of damaging or sinking large numbers of Allied ships to be a just reason for suicide attacks; ''kamikaze'' was more accurate than conventional attacks and often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proxy Bomb
The proxy bomb, also known as a human bomb, is a tactic that was used mainly by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) in Northern Ireland during the conflict known as "the Troubles". It involved forcing people (including off-duty members of the British security forces or people working for the security forces) to drive car bombs to British military targets after placing them or their families under some kind of threat (as human shields or hostages) The tactic was later adopted by the FARC in Colombia and by rebels in the Syrian Civil War."Accounts of Syria rebels executing prisoners raise new human rights concerns" , mcclatchydc.com, 3 August 2012. The tactic has been compared to a [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Institute For Counter-Terrorism
The International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) is a conservative Israeli think tank founded in 1996 and located at Reichman University, in Herzliya, Israel. Activities According to ''Foreign Affairs'', ICT presents a conservative Israeli perspective known for its searchable database on terrorist attacks by organizations both within and outside the Middle East. In the University of Pennsylvania's ''2014 Global Go To Think Tanks Report'', ICT was ranked as the 29th best think tank in the Middle East and North Africa. The ICT's reporting has been mentioned by ''The Village Voice'', ''USA Today'', and ''Asian Tribune The ''Asian Tribune'' is an online newspaper. Their funding is unknown, and critics, such as the Sri Lanka Guardian, consider their journalism to be of poor quality. The publication is owned by K.T. Rajasingham, who is also a writer for the publi ...''. Leadership One of ICT's founders and board members, Boaz Ganor, served as the ICT's executive director fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lod Airport Massacre
The Lod Airport massacre"They were responsible for the Lod Airport massacre in Israel in 1972, which was committed on behalf of the PFLP." Jeffrey D. Simon, ''The Terrorist Trap: America's Experience with Terrorism'', Indiana University Press, p. 324. was a terrorist attack that occurred on 30 May 1972. Three members of the Japanese Red Army recruited by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – External Operations (PFLP-EO), attacked Lod Airport (now Ben Gurion International Airport) near Tel Aviv, killing 26 people and injuring 80 others. Two of the attackers were killed, while a third, Kōzō Okamoto, was captured after being wounded. The dead comprised 17 Christian pilgrims from Puerto Rico, a Canadian citizen, and eight Israelis, including Professor Aharon Katzir, an internationally renowned protein biophysicist. Katzir was head of the Israeli National Academy of Sciences, a popular scientific radio show host, and a candidate in the upcoming Israeli pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jihadism
Jihadism is a neologism which is used in reference to "militant Islamic movements that are perceived as existentially threatening to the West" and "rooted in political Islam."Compare: Appearing earlier in the Pakistani and Indian media, Western journalists adopted the term in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks of 2001. Since then, it has been applied to various insurgent Islamic extremist, militant Islamist, and terrorist individuals and organizations whose ideologies are based on the Islamic notion of '' jihad''. It has also been applied to various Islamic empires in history, such as the Arab Umayyad Caliphate and the Ottoman empire, who extensively campaigned against non-Muslim nations in the name of jihad. Contemporary jihadism mostly has its roots in the late 19th- and early 20th-century ideological developments of Islamic revivalism, which further developed into Qutbism and related Islamist ideologies during the 20th and 21st centuries. The Islamic terr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fred Halliday
Simon Frederick Peter Halliday (22 February 1946 – 26 April 2010) was an Irish writer and academic specialising in International Relations and the Middle East, with particular reference to the Cold War, Iran, and the Arabian peninsula. Biography Born in Dublin, Ireland in 1946 to an English father, businessman Arthur Halliday, and an Irish mother, Rita (née Finigan), Halliday attended (in 1950–1953) the Marist School, Dundalk (at that time the primary school for St Mary's College, Dundalk), and Ampleforth College (1953–1963) before going up to Queen's College, Oxford, in 1964 to read Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE), graduating in 1967, and then on to the School of Oriental and African Studies (1969–1969) where he studied his MSc in Middle East politics. His doctorate at the London School of Economics (LSE), on the foreign relations of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, titleAspects of South Yemen's foreign policy, 1967-1982 was awarded in 1985, 17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jason Burke
Jason Burke (born 1970) is a British journalist and the author of several non-fiction books. A correspondent covering Africa for ''The Guardian'', he is currently based in Johannesburg, having previously been based in New Delhi as the same paper's South Asia correspondent. In his years of journalism, Burke has addressed a wide range of topics including politics, social affairs and culture in Europe and the Middle East. He has written extensively on Islamic extremism and, among numerous other conflicts, covered the wars of 2001 in Afghanistan and 2003 in Iraq, the latter of which he described as "entirely justifiable from a humanitarian perspective". In 2003, Burke wrote '' Al-Qaeda: Casting a Shadow of Terror'', which was later updated and republished as ''Al-Qaeda: The True Story of Radical Islam''. Noam Chomsky described it as the "best book there is" on Al-Qaeda. He was interviewed in the 2004 BBC documentary ''The Power of Nightmares''. In 2006, he wrote '' On the Road to Kan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kofi Annan
Kofi Atta Annan (; 8 April 193818 August 2018) was a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh secretary-general of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006. Annan and the UN were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the founder and chairman of the Kofi Annan Foundation, as well as chairman of The Elders, an international organisation founded by Nelson Mandela. Annan studied economics at Macalester College, international relations at the Graduate Institute Geneva, and management at MIT. Annan joined the UN in 1962, working for the World Health Organization's Geneva office. He went on to work in several capacities at the UN Headquarters including serving as the Under-Secretary-General for peacekeeping between March 1992 and December 1996. He was appointed secretary-general on 13 December 1996 by the Security Council, and later confirmed by the General Assembly, making him the first office holder to be elected from the UN staff itself. He was re-elected for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istishhad
Istishhad ( ar, اِسْتِشْهَادٌ, istišhād) is the Arabic word for " martyrdom", "death of a martyr", or "heroic death". In recent years the term has been said to "emphasize... heroism in the act of sacrifice" rather than " victimization", and has "developed...into a military and political strategy", often called "martyrdom operations".Neil L. Whitehead and Nasser Abufarha"Suicide, violence, and cultural conceptions of martyrdom in Palestine" ''Social Research'', Summer 2008 One who martyrs themselves is given the honorific ''shaheed''. History Muslim Acehnese from the Aceh Sultanate performed suicide attacks known as ''Parang-sabil'' against Dutch invaders during the Aceh War. It was considered as part of personal jihad in the Islamic religion of the Acehnese. The Dutch called it ''Atjèh-moord'', which literally translates to ''Aceh murder''. The Acehnese work of literature, the ''Hikayat Perang Sabil'' provided the background and reasoning for the "Aceh-mord" – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scott Atran
Scott Atran (born February 6, 1952) is an American-French cultural anthropologist who is Emeritus Director of Research in Anthropology at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique in Paris, Research Professor at the University of Michigan, and cofounder of ARTIS International and of the Centre for the Resolution of Intractable Conflict at Oxford University. He has studied and written about terrorism, violence, religion, indigenous environmental management and the cross-cultural foundations of biological classification; and he has done fieldwork with terrorists and Islamic fundamentalists, as well as political leaders and Native American peoples. Early life and education Atran was born in New York City in 1952. While a student, he became assistant to anthropologist Margaret Mead at the American Museum of Natural History. He received his BA from Columbia College, MA from Johns Hopkins University, and PhD in anthropology from Columbia University. Career Atran has taught at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
