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Stillingia Tallow
Stillingia tallow or Chinese vegetable tallow is a fatty substance extracted from the coat of the seeds of ''Triadica sebifera'' (Chinese tallow tree) or ''Triadica cochinchinensis'' (Mountain tallow tree). It has traditionally been used for making candles. This product must be distinguished from stillingia oil, that is extracted from the seeds of those trees. The name of the substance was given when the two plants were classified in the genus ''Stillingia'', with binomial names "''Stillingia sebifera''" and "''Stillingia discolor''". Sometime prior to 1950 the species were reclassified in the genus ''Sapium'', and articles from the 1950s still use the names "''Sapium sebiferum''" and "''Sapium discolor''" However, since about 2002 the plants have been reclassified again in the genus ''Triadica'', and the second one had its species name changed to "''cochinchinensis''". The fruit of ''T. sebifera'' has a characteristic trilobed shape and contains three seeds surrounded by a fibro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triadica Sebifera
''Triadica sebifera'' is a tree native to eastern China. It is commonly called Chinese tallow, Chinese tallowtree, Florida aspen, chicken tree, gray popcorn tree, or candleberry tree. The seeds (as well as from those of '' Triadica cochinchinensis'') are the sources of stillingia oil, a drying oil used in paints and varnishes. The fatty coat of the seeds, used for candle and soap making, is known as stillingia tallow; hence its common name. It is relevant to biodiesel production because it is the third most productive vegetable oil producing crop in the world, after algae and oil palm. The leaves are used as herbal medicine to treat boils. The plant sap and leaves are reputed to be toxic, and decaying leaves from the plant are toxic to other species of plants. The species is classified as a noxious invader in the southern U.S. This species and ''T. cochinchinensis'' were formerly classified in the genus '' Stillingia'', as ''Stillingia sebifera'' and ''Stillingia discolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triadica Cochinchinensis
''Triadica cochinchinensis'' is a species of tree known as the mountain tallow tree. The seeds (as well as from those of ''Triadica sebifera'') are the sources of stillingia oil, a drying oil used in paints and varnishes. The fatty coat of the seeds is known as stillingia tallow, hence its common name. The two species were formerly classified in the genus ''Stillingia'', as ''Stillingia discolor'' and ''Stillingia sebifera'' (hence the name of the oil and tallow). At some time before 1950, this tree was reclassified into the genus ''Sapium'' as ''Sapium discolor''. In 2002 or so it was reclassified again into the genus ''Triadica ''Triadica'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most sp ...'' with its present name. Synonyms The following synonyms and former names have been listed for ''Tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candle
A candle is an ignitable wick embedded in wax, or another flammable solid substance such as tallow, that provides light, and in some cases, a fragrance. A candle can also provide heat or a method of keeping time. A person who makes candles is traditionally known as a chandler. Various devices have been invented to hold candles, from simple tabletop candlesticks, also known as candle holders, to elaborate candelabra and chandeliers. For a candle to burn, a heat source (commonly a naked flame from a match or lighter) is used to light the candle's wick, which melts and vaporizes a small amount of fuel (the wax). Once vaporized, the fuel combines with oxygen in the atmosphere to ignite and form a constant flame. This flame provides sufficient heat to keep the candle burning via a self-sustaining chain of events: the heat of the flame melts the top of the mass of solid fuel; the liquefied fuel then moves upward through the wick via capillary action; the liquefied fuel finally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stillingia Oil
Stillingia oil is an oil extracted (by solvents) from the seeds of plants of the ''Triadica'' genus such as ''Triadica sebifera'' (Chinese tallow tree) and ''Triadica cochinchinensis'' (Mountain tallow tree). It is a drying oil used in paints and varnishes, and it is believed to be toxic in China. It must be distinguished from stillingia tallow, a fatty substance that surround the seeds in the fruit and must be removed before extracting the oil. The name of the oil was given when the two plants were classified in the genus ''Stillingia'', with binomial names "''Stillingia sebifera''" and "''Stillingia discolor''". Sometime prior to 1950 the species were reclassified in the genus ''Sapium'', and articles from the 1950s still use the names "''Sapium sebiferum''" and "''Sapium discolor''" However, since about 2002 the plants have been reclassified again in the genus ''Triadica'', and the second one had its species name changed to "''cochinchinensis''". Stillingia oil has a typical dry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stillingia
''Stillingia'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae, first described for modern science as a genus in 1767. The genus is native to Latin America, the southern United States, and various islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Toothleaf is a common name for plants in this genus. Medical use '' Stillingia sylvatica'' was used by Native Americans for syphilis and as a cathartic, diuretic, laxative, and emetic. In large doses, it causes vomiting and diarrhea. Taxonomy Species include: Many species formerly in ''Stillingia'' have been moved to other genera, including '' Actinostemon'', ''Adenopeltis'', '' Anomostachys'', '' Balakata'', '' Bonania'', ''Ditrysinia'', ''Excoecaria'', ''Grimmeodendron'', '' Gymnanthes'', '' Homalanthus'', '' Maprounea'', '' Microstachys'', '' Neoshirakia'', ''Sapium'', ''Sclerocroton'', ''Sebastiania'', '' Shirakiopsis'', ''Spegazziniophytum'', ''Spirostachys ''Spirostachys'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binomial Name
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen, name or a scientific name; more informally it is also historically called a Latin name. The first part of the name – the '' generic name'' – identifies the genus to which the species belongs, whereas the second part – the specific name or specific epithet – distinguishes the species within the genus. For example, modern humans belong to the genus ''Homo'' and within this genus to the species ''Homo sapiens''. ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' is likely the most widely known binomial. The ''formal'' introduction of this system of naming species is credit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapium
''Sapium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is widespread across most of Latin America and the West Indies. Many Old World species were formerly included in the genus, but recent authors have redistributed all the Old World species into other genera. Species are known commonly as milktrees.''Sapium''. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Description These are shrubs and s. They produce . The leaves are alternately arranged and smooth-edged or toothed. ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triadica
''Triadica'' is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as '' Euphorbia paralias'', are herbs, but some, ... first described as a genus in 1790. It is native to eastern southeastern, and southern Asia. Species included are: # '' Triadica cochinchinensis'' Lour. - China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Cambodia, Assam, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Himalayas of E + N India, Borneo, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam # '' Triadica rotundifolia'' (Hemsl.) Esser - Guangdong # '' Triadica sebifera'' (L.) Small - China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan; naturalize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triglycerides
A triglyceride (TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids (from ''tri-'' and ''glyceride''). Triglycerides are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates, as well as vegetable fat. They are also present in the blood to enable the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the liver, and are a major component of human skin oils. Many types of triglycerides exist. One specific classification focuses on saturated and unsaturated types. Saturated fats have ''no'' C=C groups; unsaturated fats feature one or more C=C groups. Unsaturated fats tend to have a lower melting point than saturated analogues; as a result, they are often liquid at room temperature. Chemical structure Triglycerides are tri-esters consisting of a glycerol bound to three fatty acid molecules. Alcohols have a hydroxyl (HO–) group. Organic acids have a carboxyl (–COOH) group. Alcohols and organic a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycerol
Glycerol (), also called glycerine in British English and glycerin in American English, is a simple triol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides. Because it has antimicrobial and antiviral properties, it is widely used in wound and burn treatments approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Conversely, it is also used as a bacterial culture medium. It can be used as an effective marker to measure liver disease. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations. Because of its three hydroxyl groups, glycerol is miscible with water and is hygroscopic in nature. Structure Although achiral, glycerol is prochiral with respect to reactions of one of the two primary alcohols. Thus, in substituted derivatives, the stereospecific numbering labels the molecule with a "sn-" prefix before the stem name of the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatty Acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells. History The concept of fatty acid (''acide gras'') was introduced in 1813 by Michel Eugène Chevreul, though he initially used some variant terms: ''graisse acide'' and ''acide huileux'' ("acid fat" and "oily acid"). Types of fatty acids Fatty acids are classified in many ways: by length, by saturation vs unsaturati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palmitic Acid
Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain. It is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms.Gunstone, F. D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra. The Lipid Handbook, 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2007. , Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon-carbon double-bonds) is 16:0. It is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms ( palm oil), making up to 44% of total fats. Meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products also contain palmitic acid, amounting to 50–60% of total fats. Palmitates are the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4). Occurrence and production Palmitic acid was discovered by Edmond Frémy in 1840, in saponified palm oil. This remains the primary industrial route for its production, with the triglycerides (fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
