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Squeeze (bridge)
A squeeze play (or squeeze) is a technique used in contract bridge and other trick-taking games in which the play of a card (the '' squeeze card'') forces an opponent to discard a winner or the guard of a potential winner. The situation typically occurs in the end game, with only a few cards remaining. Although numerous types of squeezes have been analyzed and catalogued in contract bridge, they were first discovered and described in whist. Most squeezes operate on the principle that declarer's and dummy's hands can, between them, hold more cards with the potential to take extra tricks than a single defender's hand can protect or ''guard''. Infrequently, due to the difficulty of coordinating their holdings, two defenders can cooperate to squeeze declarer or dummy on the same principle. Context Complexity Squeeze plays are considered by many "to be the domain of the experts but many of the positions are straightforward once the basic principles are understood." And according to T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contract Bridge
Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a trick-taking card game using a standard 52-card deck. In its basic format, it is played by four players in two competing partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs, tournaments, online and with friends at home, making it one of the world's most popular card games, particularly among seniors. The World Bridge Federation (WBF) is the governing body for international competitive bridge, with numerous other bodies governing it at the regional level. The game consists of a number of , each progressing through four phases. The cards are dealt to the players; then the players ''call'' (or ''bid'') in an auction seeking to take the , specifying how many tricks the partnership receiving the contract (the declaring side) needs to take to receive points for the deal. During the auction, partners use their bids to also exchange information about their hands, including o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triple Squeeze
A triple squeeze is a squeeze against one player, in three suits; a more explicit definition is "three simple squeezes against the same player." It is often equated with " progressive squeeze" (also termed a "repeating squeeze"), but progressive squeezes are a subset of triple squeezes. A progressive squeeze is a triple squeeze that, depending both on entries and on positional factors, may result in a subsequent, simple, two-suit squeeze that takes place against the opponent who has just been triple squeezed. Confusing the issue is that some triple squeezes can become progressive squeezes through misdefense. Example: Triple squeeze with potential misdefense Here is an example of a triple squeeze that should not become progressive: South, pushed to 5 by the nonvulnerable opponents, ruffs the second diamond lead and runs hearts to reach this position: South cannot be prevented from winning six more tricks, and if West isn't careful South will win all seven. When South leads h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winkle Squeeze
A winkle squeeze is a rare squeeze/endplay in contract bridge in which a trick is offered to the defenders but whichever wins the trick is then endplayed. Often one defender would be forced to offer a finesse or ruff and discard while the other could overtake and thereby promote a trick in that suit for declarer. The winkle squeeze was named and analyzed by Terence Reese John Terence Reese (28 August 1913 – 29 January 1996) was a British bridge player and writer, regarded as one of the finest of all time in both fields. He was born in Epsom, Surrey, England to middle-class parents, and was educated at Bradf ... in ''Master Play in Contract Bridge.'' An example end-position, South on lead with spades as trumps and needing four tricks: On the play of the last spade, West and North let go clubs, and East is squeezed. Pitching a heart allows South to win both tricks left in that suit. But if East discards a diamond, South follows with the Ace and 3 of diamonds. If East w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vice Squeeze
The Vice is an advanced squeeze in contract bridge. Its distinguishing motive is presence of a "vice" menace in one suit, where one defender holds cards of equivalent rank which split the declarer's pair of cards in front of him, where his partner has a winner in the suit. It was first attested by Terence Reese in the book "The Expert Game", a.k.a. "Master Play in Contract Bridge". In other words, the defenders have a "high" finesse position, equivalent to the one in diagram: If West can be forced to abandon QJ, the defenders will take only one trick in the suit. A similar motive is encountered in guard squeeze A guard squeeze is a type of squeeze in contract bridge where a player is squeezed out of a card which prevents his partner from being finessed. The squeeze operates in three suits, where the squeezed player protects the menaces in two suits, but ...s, however, in the vice, the defenders have a winner in the suit. Since that winner will take a trick, this squeeze is wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guard Squeeze
A guard squeeze is a type of squeeze in contract bridge where a player is squeezed out of a card which prevents his partner from being finessed. The squeeze operates in three suits, where the squeezed player protects the menaces in two suits, but cannot help his partner anymore in the third suit after the squeeze is executed. Example The following example shows a guard squeeze: South has a simple squeeze against West in hearts and diamonds except that there is no entry in either threat suit. The squeeze operates because West is also busy protecting East against a club finesse. South plays the 2 and West must keep all his red cards to protect menaces of 5 and Q in the dummy. Thus West must discard a club. Now, the declarer plays a club to the ace and can finesse against East's queen of clubs. Double guard squeeze A double guard squeeze is very rare. Again, in the diagram South leads the spade 2. If West discards J, the position comes down to the one from the previous diagram. So, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stepping-stone Squeeze
The stepping-stone squeeze is an advanced type of squeeze in contract bridge. It is used when the declarer has enough high cards to take all but one of the remaining tricks, but does not have enough communication between the hands to cash them. It was analyzed and named by Terence Reese in the book "The Expert Game", also titled "Master Play in Contract Bridge". The following position is an example of a Stepping-stone squeeze: South has three winners: The K, A, and A. However, after cashing the K, there will be no entry to the North hand to enjoy the A. However, on the play of A, West is squeezed. Discarding a spade allows South to overtake the K to get two tricks in the suit. Throwing the A lets South cash the K. Therefore, West parts with the 3. Now South is able to play the K and lead the K, putting West on lead with only the Q remaining in hand. The name ''stepping-stone'' alludes to South's use of West's A to cross over to the abandoned A. This squeeze would work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannibal Squeeze
Cannibal squeeze or suicide squeeze is a type of squeeze in bridge or whist, in which a defender is squeezed by a card played by his partner. Normally, this occurs with less-than-perfect defense, but there are also legitimate positions where the defense could not have prevailed. Examples West is on lead. If he cashes the high heart, a club is thrown from the dummy, and East is squeezed. Whichever card East discards, the declarer will take two tricks in that suit. Instead, West must lead a diamond to protect the partner from subsequent endplay An endplay (also ''throw-in''), in bridge and similar games, is a tactical play where a defender is put on lead at a strategic moment, and then has to make a play that loses one or more tricks. Most commonly the losing play either constitutes a fr ... (if he returns a club, the declarer will take the King and put East in with another club, forcing him to lead into AQ). The most common position for a legitimate suicide squeeze occurs when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backwash Squeeze
Backwash squeeze is a rare squeeze which involves squeezing an opponent which lies behind declarer's menace. A variation of this, known as the "Sydney Squeeze" or "Seres Squeeze", was discovered in play at a rubber bridge game in Sydney, Australia in 1965, by the Australian great Tim Seres; it was later attested by famous bridge theorist Géza Ottlik in an article in ''The Bridge World'' in 1974, as well as in his famous book ''Adventures in Card Play'', co-authored with Hugh Kelsey. By nature, backwash squeeze is a non-material trump squeeze without the count. It occurs when the declarer (or dummy) has high trump(s) but must not draw opponent's remaining trump(s). Instead, he ruffs a card high, and the opponent playing after, still having trump(s), must choose to under-ruff or give up one of menaces, either in form of a direct trick or an exit card, allowing later endplay. Since the squeeze may be without the count, the squeezed defender might take a later trick. Example: Backwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strip Squeeze
A strip squeeze is a declarer technique at contract bridge combining elements of squeeze and endplay. This squeeze occurs when declarer has two or more losers remaining. By cashing winners, declarer forces the squeezed defender to discard cards so that he cannot defeat the contract. Eventually, the defender will be forced to unguard a potential winner, exposing it to capture or be put on lead and forced to lead a suit that will cost his side a trick. Examples South is in a 6 contract with 11 top tricks on the K lead. To perform a simple squeeze, South would have to lose a trick at some point to rectify the count. This will not work on this hand because the only menaces South has are in clubs and spades. Ducking a trick in clubs would allow East to guard the suit. South must rely on a strip squeeze to make the hand. The first club trick is won, and the hearts then the diamonds are cashed. South remains with Q 4 J and A3 4 in dummy. West must choose be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-suit Squeeze
A single-suit squeeze is a unique squeeze play in contract bridge that occurs with an awkward defensive distribution of one suit. It is a kind of immaterial squeeze, in which a discard does not cost a trick directly, but gives up a position, allowing the opponents to adopt a winning line. Example The first example is a one-suit squeeze in which the victim can choose between an endplay or a simple promotion: If the five of diamonds is played, East must choose whether to discard the spade three or an intermediate honor. By throwing the three East chooses an endplay An endplay (also ''throw-in''), in bridge and similar games, is a tactical play where a defender is put on lead at a strategic moment, and then has to make a play that loses one or more tricks. Most commonly the losing play either constitutes a fr ...; South simply ducks a small spade to East, who has to lead up to the king. By throwing an intermediate honor, East allows for a promotion of the eight; South leads the nin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entry-shifting Squeeze
In the card game contract bridge, an entry-shifting squeeze is a mixture between a material squeeze and an immaterial squeeze. The material part is the same as in a trump squeeze or a squeeze without the count. The immaterial part is that depending on the choice of discards of the squeeze an entry into one or into the other hand is created. For that very reason an entry-shifting squeeze is always a positional squeeze. Examples In the first diagram clubs are trumps and South could claim all tricks on a crossruff In trick-taking games, to ruff means to play a trump card to a trick (other than when trumps were led). According to the rules of most games, a player must have no cards left in the suit led in order to ruff. Since the other players are constrained ... were it not for the trump in East's hand. When the club jack is played, the entry-shifting squeeze comes to his rescue. If West sheds a heart, the jack is overtaken with the ace, a heart ruffed and North is left with the las ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compound Squeeze
A compound squeeze is a type of play in the game of contract bridge. In this squeeze one opponent is squeezed such that some form of other squeeze emerges involving either or both players. Usually this term is used to reference a pentagonal squeeze. In this form of squeeze both players guard two suits, and one player guards a third suit. On the play of a card the player guarding three suits must give up one of the shared guards (so as not to provide immediate winners). Now each opponent singly guards one suit, and there is a third suit that is jointly guarded. This means that a double squeeze matrix exists. Note that there are ''pseudo'' compound squeezes, where the triply squeezed opponent can select the 'correct' shared suit, such that the entry situation precludes the proper functioning of the double squeeze. Other variations of compound squeezes: * hexagonal squeeze: where one opponent is triply squeezed, and the resulting matrix is that of a pentagonal squeeze. Both opp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
