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Sebecosuchia
Sebecosuchia is an extinct group of mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms that includes the families Sebecidae and Baurusuchidae. The group was long thought to have first appeared in the Late Cretaceous with the baurusuchids and become extinct in the Miocene with the last sebecids, but '' Razanandrongobe'' pushes the origin of Sebecosuchia to the Middle Jurassic. Fossils have been found primarily from South America but have also been found in Europe, North Africa, Madagascar, and the Indian subcontinent. History and phylogeny Sebecosuchia was first constructed in 1937 by George Gaylord Simpson.Simpson, G.G. 1937. "New reptiles from the Eocene of South America". ''American Museum Novitates'' 967: 1-20 In 1946 the concept was again used by American paleontologist Edwin Colbert to include '' Sebecus'' and Baurusuchidae. ''Sebecus'', which had been known from South America since 1937, was an unusual crocodyliform with a deep snout and teeth that were ziphodont, or serrated and laterall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergisuchidae
''Bergisuchus'' is an extinct genus of small sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian known primarily from the Eocene Messel Pit in Germany. Few fossils of ''Bergisuchus'' have been discovered, only a single incomplete snout, a few partial lower jaws and some teeth. Despite being fragmentary, the jaw bones are enough to indicate that ''Bergisuchus'' had a short, deep, narrow snout and serrated teeth, quite unlike the broad flat snouts of modern crocodylians. As with other sebecosuchians, it is likely that ''Bergisuchus'' was a fast, terrestrial predator and not an aquatic ambush hunter like modern crocodylians. Its presence in Europe is also unusual, as later sebecosuchians were restricted entirely to South America, and so ''Bergisuchus'' indicates the group was once much more widespread in the early Cenozoic. History of Discovery ''Bergisuchus'' was first discovered by Dr. Dietrich Berg from the German Messel Pit in 1966, who originally classified it as an unnamed new species of sebeco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebecus
''Sebecus'' (meaning " Sebek" in Latin) is an extinct genus of sebecid crocodylomorph from Eocene of South America. Like other sebecosuchians, it was entirely terrestrial and carnivorous. The genus is currently represented by two species, the type ''S. icaeorhinus'' and ''S. ayrampu''. Several other species have been referred to ''Sebecus'', but were later reclassified as their own genera. History and species Named by American paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson in 1937, ''Sebecus'' was one of the first known sebecosuchians. Simpson described the type species, ''S. icaeorhinus'', from a fragmented skull and lower jaw found in the Sarmiento Formation. The specimen was discovered by the American Museum of Natural History's First Scarritt Expedition to Patagonia, during 1930 and 1931. Teeth had been known since 1906 when Argentine paleontologist Florentino Ameghino associated them with carnivorous dinosaurs. The more complete material found by Simpson firmly established that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doratodon
''Doratodon'' is an extinct genus of Late Cretaceous ziphodont crocodylomorph that was once believed to be a dinosaur,Company, J., Suberbiola, X.P., Ruiz-Omeñaca, J.I. & Buscalioni, A.D. (2005). A new species of ''Doratodon'' (Crocodyliformes: Ziphosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Spain. ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology'' 25(2): 343–353 that could be a sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian. Two species of ''Doratodon'' are known to science: ''D. carcharidens'' from Austria ( Grünbach Formation) and Hungary ( Csehbánya Formation), the type species; and ''D. ibericus'' from Spain ( Sierra Perenchiza Formation). The holotype of ''D. carcharidens'' consists of a denture and a mandible.Zoltan Csiki-Sava, Eric Buffetaut, Attila Ősi, Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Stephen L. Brusatte (2015)Island life in the Cretaceous - faunal composition, biogeography, evolution, and extinction of land-living vertebrates on the Late Cretaceous European archipelago ''Zookeys" 469: 1-161 doi: 10.3897 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baurusuchidae
Baurusuchidae is a Gondwanan family of mesoeucrocodylians that lived during the Late Cretaceous. It is a group of terrestrial hypercarnivorous crocodilians from South America (Argentina and Brazil) and possibly Pakistan. Baurusuchidae has been, in accordance with the PhyloCode, officially defined as the least inclusive clade containing '' Cynodontosuchus rothi, Pissarrachampsa sera,'' and ''Baurusuchus pachecoi.'' Baurusuchids have been placed in the suborder Baurusuchia, and two subfamilies have been proposed: Baurusuchinae and Pissarrachampsinae. Genera Several genera have been assigned to Baurusuchidae. ''Baurusuchus'' was the first, being the namesake of the family. Remains of ''Baurusuchus'' have been found from the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group of Brazil in deposits that are Turonian - Santonian in age. In addition to ''Baurusuchus'', five other South American crocodyliforms have been assigned to Baurusuchidae: '' Campinasuchus'', '' Cynodontosuchus'', '' Pissarrachampsa' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberosuchidae
''Iberosuchus'' (meaning "Iberian crocodile") is a genus of extinct sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian found in Western Europe from the Eocene. Remains from Portugal was described in 1975 by Antunes as a sebecosuchian crocodilian. This genus has one species: ''I. macrodon'' (meaning "large toothed). ''Iberosuchus'' was a carnivore, unlike the crocodilians today, they are not aquatic and are instead terrestrial. The first of its fossils were cranial remains found in Portugal, and later more fossils were found in France and Spain. They are only known from very fragmentary fossils, elements of the skull, dentary, teeth and osteoderm. History and discovery Remains of a mesocrocodylian were found in Portugal, it was named ''Iberosuchus macrodon'' in 1975 by Antunes, and is assigned as the type species. It was reclassified as a baurusuchid by Robert Carroll in 1988. In 1996 Ortega and colleges extended their range to France, they analyzed the fragmentary fossils of ''Atacisaurus crassi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eremosuchus
''Eremosuchus'' is an extinct genus of sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian. Fossils have been found from El Kohol, Algeria of Eocene age. It had serrated, ziphodont teeth. The genus was originally referred to the family Trematochampsidae in 1989. A close relation to the baurusuchids was also considered. However, it was only tentatively assigned to this family on the basis of a few features of the cranial skeleton. Some features, such as a broad concave symphysis and laterally compressed teeth, are not restricted to the trematochampsids and occur in some sebecosuchians such as '' Baurusuchus'' and '' Sebecus''. Other features such as the surangular forming part of the craniomandibular articulation can also be found in many basal mesoeucrocodylians. A later phylogenetic analysis placed ''Eremosuchus'' within the suborder Sebecosuchia. It is now thought to be one of many putatively assigned sebecosuchians that cannot be firmly placed within any one family. It is thought to be t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pehuenchesuchus
''Pehuenchesuchus'' (meaning "Pehuenche crocodile", after the Mapuche name for the region in which it was found) is an extinct genus of sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian. It was discovered in rocks of the late Turonian-Coniacian-age Upper Cretaceous Río Neuquén Formation (Neuquén Group, near Rincón de los Sauces, Neuquén, Argentina. Description ''Pehuenchesaurus'' was described in 2005 by Alan Turner and Jorge Calvo based on MAU-PV-CRS-440, a nearly complete dentary (the main tooth-bearing bone of the lower jaw). This animal had a narrow, tall lower jaw, and differed from all other sebecosuchians by lacking serrations on its teeth. The first and fourth teeth were the largest, and the first tooth pointed forward slightly. The preserved jaw bone is about long. Turner and Calvo found their new genus to be the basalmost sebecosuchian. The type species is ''P. enderi'', named for Ender Wiggin, a character in Orson Scott Card Orson Scott Card (born August 24, 1951) is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pabweshi
''Pabwehshi'' (meaning "Pab ormationbeast Urdu.html" ;"title="wehshi" in Urdu">wehshi" in Urdu) is an extinct genus of mesoeucrocodylian. It is holotype, based on Geological Survey of Pakistan, GSP-UM 2000, a partial snout and corresponding lower jaw elements, with another snout assigned to it. These specimens were found in Maastrichtian-age Upper Cretaceous rocks of the Pab Formation in Balochistan, Pakistan, and represent the first diagnostic crocodyliform fossils from Cretaceous rocks of South Asia. ''Pabwehshi'' had serrated interlocking teeth in its snout that formed a "zig-zag" cutting edge. ''Pabwehshi'' was named in 2001 by Jeffrey A. Wilson and colleagues. The type species is ''P. pakistanensis'', in reference to the nation where it was found. It was traditionally classified as a baurusuchid closely related to '' Cynodontosuchus'' and '' Baurusuchus''. Larsson and Sues (2007) found close affinity between ''Pabwehshi'' and the Peirosauridae within Sebecia Sebecia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Razanandrongobe
''Razanandrongobe'' (meaning "ancestor f thelarge lizard" in Malagasy) is a genus of carnivorous ziphosuchian crocodyliform from the Middle Jurassic of Madagascar. It contains the type and only species ''Razanandrongobe sakalavae'', named in 2004 by Simone Maganuco and colleagues based on isolated bones found in 2003. The remains, which included a fragment of maxilla and teeth, originated from the Bathonian-aged Sakaraha Formation of Mahajanga, Madagascar. While they clearly belonged to a member of the Archosauria, Maganuco and colleagues refrained from assigning the genus to a specific group because the fragmentary remains resembled lineages among both the theropod dinosaurs and crocodylomorphs. Further remains (including a premaxilla and lower jawbone) had been discovered as early as 1972, but were not described until 2017 by Cristiano Dal Sasso and colleagues. These remains allowed them to confidently assign ''Razanandrongobe'' as the oldest-known member of the Notosuchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebecidae
Sebecidae is an extinct family of prehistoric terrestrial sebecosuchian crocodylomorphs. The oldest known member of the group is '' Ogresuchus furatus'' known from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Tremp Formation (Spain). Sebecids were diverse, abundant and broadly distributed in South America (mostly in Argentina, Brazil and Bolivia) during the Cenozoic, until the Middle Miocene; although it has been suggested that at least some forms could have survived until the Miocene-Pliocene boundary in Brazil. This group included many medium- and large-sized genera, from ''Sebecus'' to a giant indeterminate unnamed species from the Miocene. Phylogeny The following cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to ... simplified after Diego Pol and Jaime E. Powell (2011). Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wanosuchus
''Wanosuchus'' ("Wangjiang County crocodile") is an extinct genus of sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian known from Paleocene-age rocks of southern Anhui, China. It is based on IVPP V 6262, a nearly complete lower jaw, which is also the only known specimen. The bone lacks an external mandibular fenestra and has thirteen teeth, the longest of which are the fourth and eleventh. It was collected between 1970 and 1972 by Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) personnel; the exact location and rock unit that produced the bone are uncertain. ''Wanosuchus'' was named in 1981 by Zhang Fakui of the IVPP. The type species is ''W. atresus'', a reference to the absent fenestra. Zhang classified ''Wanosuchus'' under its own family within Sebecosuchia, Wanosuchidae. It shares some characteristics with ''Doratodon'', a crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 163.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland,British Geological Survey. 2011Stratigraphic framework for the Middle Jurassic strata of Great Britain and the adjoining continental shelf: research report RR/11/06 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham. the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Paleogeography During the Middle Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea began to separate into Laurasia and Gondwana, and the Atlantic Ocean formed. Eastern Laurasia was tectonically active as the Cimmerian plate continued to collide with Laurasia's southern coast, completely closing the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. A subd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
