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Salamandrid
Salamandridae is a family of salamanders consisting of true salamanders and newts. Salamandrids are distinguished from other salamanders by the lack of rib or costal grooves along the sides of their bodies and by their rough skin. Their skin is very granular because of the number of poison glands. They also lack nasolabial grooves. Most species of Salamandridae have moveable eyelids but lack lacrimal glands. Nearly all salamandrids produce a potent toxin in their skin, with some species being deadly to many other animal species. With a few exceptions, salamandrids have patterns of bright and contrasting colours, most of these are to warn potential predators of their toxicity. They have four well-developed limbs, with four toes on the fore limbs, and (in most cases) five toes on the hind limbs. They vary from in length. Many species within this family reproduce by method of internal fertilization. Additionally, there are many species-specific courtship rituals that males perform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynops
The fire belly newt or fire newt is a genus (''Cynops'') of newts native to Japan and China. All of the species show bright yellow or red bellies, but this feature is not unique to this genus. Their skin contains a toxin that can be harmful if ingested. Species Species recognized as of October 2019: (A * means that the newt has been moved into the genus ''Hypselotriton'' in some classifications ) Taxonomic controversy The genus ''Cynops'' has been suggested to be due for a split, with the Chinese species being placed in a separate genus from the Japanese ones. The species '' Cynops cyanurus'' is at the centre of all this. There is much debate about the validity of ''C. cyanurus'' and '' C. chenggongensis''. All the known captive animals could be something different from ''C. cyanurus'', as they do not entirely match the original description of the species. The only known animals that match that are animals originating from Chemnitz Chemnitz (; from 1953 to 1990: Karl-Marx ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramesotriton
''Paramesotriton'', also known as warty newts or Asian warty newts, is a genus of salamanders in the family Salamandridae. The genus is found in southwestern and southern China and in northern Vietnam. Most of the species are endemic to China, and the majority of them have been described recently, since 2008. The genus includes both pond and stream dwellers. Taxonomy and systematics The sister taxon of ''Paramesotriton'' is ''Laotriton''. The genus may be divided into two species groups (subgenera), ''Paramesotriton'' and ''Allomesotriton''. Description ''Paramesotriton'' have a dark brown dorsum with a prominent vertebral ridge, often also a pair of lateral ridges. The tail is high and laterally compressed. Skin texture varies from relatively smooth to very rough. ''Paramesotriton hongkongensis'' has toxic skin and ova, as has been shown for many other salamanders. Species ''Paramesotriton'' contains the following 14 species: * ''Paramesotriton aurantius'' Yuan, Wu, Zhou, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salamander
Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by their lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. All ten extant salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela. Salamander diversity is highest in eastern North America, especially in the Appalachian Mountains; most species are found in the Holarctic realm, with some species present in the Neotropical realm. Salamanders rarely have more than four toes on their front legs and five on their rear legs, but some species have fewer digits and others lack hind limbs. Their permeable skin usually makes them reliant on habitats in or near water or other cool, damp places. Some salamander species are fully aquatic throughout their lives, some take to the water intermittently, and others are entirely terrestrial as adults. This group of amphibians is capable of regenerating lost lim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calotriton
''Calotriton'', or the European brook newts, is a genus of newts native to the Pyrenees and central Catalonia ( Catalan Pre-coastal Range). These amphibians were formerly placed within genus ''Euproctus'', but the genus was resurrected in 2005. Instead of ''Euproctus'', they seem more closely related to ''Triturus'', their sister taxon. Evolution ''Calotriton'' and ''Triturus'' are estimated to have split approximately 8 myr ago. This may have been associated with adaptation to fast-running, well-oxygenated mountain streams (instead of ponds in ''Triturus''), leading to some superficial similarity with ''Euproctus'' in convergent evolution Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different periods or epochs in time. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function but were not present in the last com ...: strongly depressed head and body, and reduction or even absence of lungs. Description ''Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neurergus
''Neurergus'' is a genus of salamanders, more specifically newts, in the family Salamandridae. They are found in the Middle East (predominantly in Turkey and Iran), and are kept and bred in captivity for their bright colors. In nature, they inhabit streams and small rivers, and the surrounding forest A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' ...s or shrublands. All of the ''Neurergus'' are considered threatened species, primarily due to destruction of habitat and overcollection for the pet trade. Morphology Generally, ''Neurergus'' species are dark-colored (brown to black) above, with a pattern of white to yellow to orange spots and lines. On their ventral sides, the lighter color of their spots becomes a solid color. Like most salamanders, they have five toes on their hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichthyosaura
''Ichthyosaura'' is a genus of newts in the family Salamandridae, found in Europe. It contains one extant species: the alpine newt (''Ichthyosaura alpestris''). One fossil species from the Miocene, ''Ichthyosaura randeckensis'', has also been referred to this genus, although this has been challenged. The species is gonochoric and reproduce sexually. The alpine newt was long included in ''Triturus'' along with most other European newts. As this genus was found to contain several distinct evolutionary lineages, the alpine newt was split off as genus ''Mesotriton'' in 2004. However, the name ''Ichthyosaura'' was published earlier and is now accepted as the valid genus name for the alpine newt, while ''Mesotriton'' is a junior synonym. "''Ichthyosaura''", Greek for "fish lizard", refers to a nymph-like creature in classical mythology Classical mythology, Greco-Roman mythology, or Greek and Roman mythology is both the body of and the study of myths from the ancient Greeks a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salamandrina
''Salamandrina'', the spectacled salamanders, is a genus of salamander, the only of subfamily Salamandrininae in the family Salamandridae which is still alive, as one of its own relatives is extinct. The IUCN Red List follows Mattoccia et al. (2005) and Canestrelli et al. (2006) in accepting two species, both only found in Italy: * Southern spectacled salamander (''Salamandrina terdigitata'') * Northern spectacled salamander (''Salamandrina perspicillata'') DNA testing is the most effective way to distinguish between S. ''terdigitata'' and S. ''perspicillata,'' however there is a some slight morphological differences between the two species. S. ''terdigitata'' is on average 1 cm shorter than S. ''Perspicillata'' as well as having more extensive red coloration on its Vental side. Fossils show that the genus formerly had a wider distribution during the Miocene and Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 millio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taricha
The genus ''Taricha'' consists of four species of highly toxic newts in the family Salamandridae. Their common name is Pacific newts, sometimes also western newts or roughskin newts. The four species within this genus are the California newt, the rough-skinned newt, the red-bellied newt, and the sierra newt, all of which are found on the Pacific coastal region from southern Alaska to southern California, with one species possibly ranging into northern Baja California, Mexico. Species Genus ''Taricha'' contains the following species: Differentiating between species The rough-skinned newt and the California newt are very similar in appearance, and it can be extremely difficult to differentiate between the species. Both are light-brown to black on the upper body and orange to yellow on the underbelly. They have granulated skin, and they may grow to a length of eight inches. However, rough-skinned newts have small eyes with dark lower eyelids, while California newts have la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triturus
''Triturus'' is a genus of newts comprising the crested and the marbled newts, which are found from Great Britain through most of continental Europe to westernmost Siberia, Anatolia, and the Caspian Sea region. Their English names refer to their appearance: marbled newts have a green–black colour pattern, while the males of crested newts, which are dark brown with a yellow or orange underside, develop a conspicuous jagged seam on their back and tail during their breeding phase. Crested and marbled newts live and breed in vegetation-rich ponds or similar aquatic habitats for two to six months and usually spend the rest of the year in shady, protection-rich land habitats close to their breeding sites. Males court females with a ritualised courtship display, display, ending in the deposition of a spermatophore that is picked up by the female. After fertilisation, a female lays 200–400 eggs, folding them individually into leaves of water plants. Larvae develop over two to four m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tylototriton
''Tylototriton'' is a genus of newts known as crocodile newts or knobby newts. About 36 known species are in this genus. Many species have been described just recently. They range from northeastern India and Nepal through Burma to northern Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and southern China. Species 36 species recognized as of April 2022: *''Tylototriton anguliceps'' Le, Nguyen, Nishikawa, Nguyen, Pham, Matsui, Bernardes, and Nguyen, 2015 *'' Tylototriton anhuiensis'' Qian, Sun, Li, Guo, Pan, Kang, Wang, Jiang, Wu, and Zhang, 2017 *''Tylototriton asperrimus'' Unterstein, 1930 *'' Tylototriton broadoridgus'' Shen, Jiang, and Mo, 2012 *'' Tylototriton dabienicus'' Chen, Wang, and Tao, 2010 *'' Tylototriton daloushanensis'' Zhou, Xiao, and Luo, 2022 *''Tylototriton hainanensis'' Fei, Ye, and Yang, 1984 *'' Tylototriton himalayanus'' Khatiwada, Wang, Ghimire, Vasudevan, Paudel, and Jiang, 2015 *'' Tylototriton kachinorum'' Zaw, Lay, Pawangkhanant, Gorin, and Poyarkov, 2019 *'' Tylototriton k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin ''creta'', "chalk", which is abundant in the latter half of the period. It is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation ''Kreide''. The Cretaceous was a period with a relatively warm climate, resulting in high eustatic sea levels that created numerous shallow inland seas. These oceans and seas were populated with now- extinct marine reptiles, ammonites, and rudists, while dinosaurs continued to dominate on land. The world was ice free, and forests extended to the poles. During this time, new groups of mammals and birds appeared. During the Early Cretaceous, flowering plants appeared and began to rapidly diversify, becoming the dominant group of plants across the Earth b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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