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Recognition-by-components Theory
The recognition-by-components theory, or RBC theory, is a process proposed by Irving Biederman in 1987 to explain object recognition. According to RBC theory, we are able to recognize objects by separating them into ''geons'' (the object’s main component parts). Biederman suggested that geons are based on basic 3-dimensional shapes (cylinders, cones, etc.) that can be assembled in various arrangements to form a virtually unlimited number of objects. Geons The recognition-by-components theory suggests that there are fewer than 36 geons which are combined to create the objects we see in day-to-day life. For example, when looking at a mug we break it down into two components – "cylinder" and "handle". This also works for more complex objects, which in turn are made up of a larger number of geons. Perceived geons are then compared with objects in our stored memory to identify what it is we are looking at. The theory proposes that when we view objects we look for two important com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breakdown Of Objects Into Geons
Breakdown may refer to: Breaking down * Breakdown (vehicle), failure of a motor vehicle in such a way that it cannot be operated *Chemical decomposition, also called chemical breakdown, the breakdown of a substance into simpler components *Decomposition, the process by which tissues of a dead organism break down into simpler forms of matter * Drop set, also called a breakdown, a bodybuilding and weight training technique *Electrical breakdown, the failure of an electric circuit or a rapid reduction in the resistance of an electrical insulator that can lead to a spark * Mental breakdown, an acute, time-limited phase of exhibiting symptoms of a specific disorder, most commonly, depression and anxiety * Script breakdown, a step in the production of a play, film, or comic book Arts and media Comics and games * ''Breakdown'' (comics), a 2000s comic written by Chuck Dixon, and drawn by Dave Ross, about Paragon, the world's first superhero * ''Breakdowns'' (comics), 1977 collection of co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irving Biederman
Irving Biederman (1939 – August 17, 2022) was an American vision scientist specializing in the study of brain processes underlying humans' ability to quickly recognize and interpret what they see. While best known for his Recognition by Components Theory that focuses on volumetric object recognition, his later work tended to examine the recognition of human faces. Biederman argued that face recognition is separate and distinct from the recognition of objects. Biederman received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Michigan in 1966. In addition to being professor of psychology and computer science at the USC College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, he was holder of the Harold Dornsife Chair in Cognitive Neuroscience, and was also a member of the USC Program in Neural, Informational and Behavioral Sciences. Biederman appeared on an episode of '' Penn & Teller: Bullshit!'', explaining the thought process of UFO hunters. References * USC USC most often refers to: * Universit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognitive Neuroscience Of Visual Object Recognition
Visual object recognition refers to the ability to identify the objects in view based on visual input. One important signature of visual object recognition is "object invariance", or the ability to identify objects across changes in the detailed context in which objects are viewed, including changes in illumination, object pose, and background context. Basic stages of object recognition Neuropsychological evidence affirms that there are four specific stages identified in the process of object recognition. These stages are: :Stage 1 Processing of basic object components, such as color, depth, and form. :Stage 2 These basic components are then grouped on the basis of similarity, providing information on distinct edges to the visual form. Subsequently, figure-ground segregation is able to take place. :Stage 3 The visual representation is matched with structural descriptions in memory. :Stage 4 Semantic attributes are applied to the visual representation, providing meaning, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geon (psychology)
Geons are the simple 2D or 3D forms such as cylinders, bricks, wedges, cones, circles and rectangles corresponding to the simple parts of an object in Biederman's recognition-by-components theory. The theory proposes that the visual input is matched against structural representations of objects in the brain. These structural representations consist of geons and their relations (e.g., an ice cream cone could be broken down into a sphere located above a cone). Only a modest number of geons (< 40) are assumed. When combined in different relations to each other (e.g., on-top-of, larger-than, end-to-end, end-to-middle) and coarse metric variation such as aspect ratio and 2D orientation, billions of possible 2- and 3-geon objects can be generated. Two classes of shape-based visual identification that are not done through geon representations, are those involved in: a) distinguishing between similar faces, and b) classifications that don’t have definite boundaries, such as that of bus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognition
Cognition refers to "the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses". It encompasses all aspects of intellectual functions and processes such as: perception, attention, thought, intelligence, the formation of knowledge, memory and working memory, judgment and evaluation, reasoning and computation, problem solving and decision making, comprehension and production of language. Imagination is also a cognitive process, it is considered as such because it involves thinking about possibilities. Cognitive processes use existing knowledge and discover new knowledge. Cognitive processes are analyzed from different perspectives within different contexts, notably in the fields of linguistics, musicology, anesthesia, neuroscience, psychiatry, psychology, education, philosophy, anthropology, biology, systemics, logic, and computer science. These and other approaches to the analysis of cognition (such as embodied ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Experimental Psychology
Experimental psychology refers to work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes. Experimental psychologists employ human participants and animal subjects to study a great many topics, including (among others) sensation & perception, memory, cognition, learning, motivation, emotion; developmental processes, social psychology, and the neural substrates of all of these. History Early experimental psychology Wilhelm Wundt Experimental psychology emerged as a modern academic discipline in the 19th century when Wilhelm Wundt introduced a mathematical and experimental approach to the field. Wundt founded the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. Other experimental psychologists, including Hermann Ebbinghaus and Edward Titchener, included introspection in their experimental methods. Charles Bell Charles Bell was a British physiologist whose main contribution to the medical and scientific communit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
